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为了研究RDX基聚黑铝炸药(JHL-X)的能量输出特性及其评估方法,通过绝热式量热仪、水下爆炸系统、空爆系统分别测试了JHL-X的爆热、水下爆炸能量、地面超压。结果表明:JHL-X在真空中的爆热值与在N2中的爆热值基本一致,约为1.75倍TNT当量;在空气中的爆热值为8 045.724 J/g,为1.93倍TNT当量,比真空和N2中高10%。JHL-X水下爆炸中的冲击波能、气泡能分别为0.935、4.614 kJ/g,总能量为1.83倍TNT当量。空爆时,根据通过地面超压得出的TNT和JHL-X超压公式,得到1.5、 2.0、 2.5m处的JHL-X的TNT当量分别为2.14、1.70、1.75,均值为1.86。采用水下爆炸和真空爆热法时,因外界环境不供氧,致使两种实验方法评估出的JHL-X炸药能量一致;而采用空爆和空气爆热法时,因外部环境供氧,致使含铝炸药中Al的反应增加,总能量提高,两种方法得到的实验结果相近。因此,在评估炸药能量水平时,需考虑炸药配方设计和实际用途,进而选择合适的评估方法。 相似文献
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为研究多发爆炸荷载作用下方钢管构件的动态响应及损伤情况,依据方钢管单发爆炸试验确定合理的模型参数,分析了近场爆炸总药量相同的条件下药量等分份数、药量质量比以及起爆时间间隔3种因素对方钢管构件抗爆性能的影响。结果表明:多发等分药量同时起爆时,方钢管迎爆面变形和挠度分别比单发爆炸时大17.5%和32.1%;对于两发爆炸荷载,当两发炸药的质量接近时,方钢管迎爆面变形和挠度比质量差异较大时大18.3%和19.7%。对于多发等分药量爆炸荷载:当各炸药爆心到方钢管跨中的距离相同时,非同时起爆时方钢管迎爆面的变形比同时起爆时小4.3%,且起爆时间间隔越长,变形越小;当各炸药爆心到方钢管跨中距离不同时,调整各炸药起爆时间可使方钢管迎爆面跨中变形比同时起爆时大13.9%。 相似文献
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弧形双钢板混凝土组合结构由钢板、混凝土与连接件协同作用,具有更优异的抗震和抗爆性能,被应用于超高层结构、海洋平台和核电设施中。利用试验和数值分析方法研究了栓钉型弧形双钢板混凝土组合结构的破坏模式和损伤机理,参数化分析了爆炸距离、钢板厚度、拱高和栓钉间距对其抗爆性能的影响。结果表明:在爆炸荷载下,栓钉型弧形双钢板混凝土组合板整体表现良好,仍具有较高的承载能力。增加爆炸距离和钢板厚度能有效减小混凝土的损伤和组合板的跨中挠度;减小拱高,混凝土损伤区域从以压缩破坏为主逐渐转换为以拉伸破坏为主,混凝土损伤更严重,组合板跨中挠度变大;减小栓钉间距会增大混凝土塑性损伤程度,但组合板的跨中挠度减小。研究结果可为弧形双钢板混凝土组合结构的设计提供参考。 相似文献
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爆速是爆炸复合的主要参数之一。采用玻璃微球作为敏化剂和稀释剂,研究玻璃微球尺寸、含量对乳化炸药爆速的影响,然后调配爆速为2.230km/s的低爆速乳化炸药,利用铝蜂窝板配置蜂窝结构炸药,进行铝-钢复合板的爆炸焊接。试验结果表明:炸药密度随着玻璃微球含量的增加而减小;小尺寸玻璃微球含量(质量分数)小于2%或者大于35%时,乳化炸药发生拒爆现象;玻璃微球含量大于7%且小于35%时,炸药爆速随着玻璃微球含量的增大而减小。小尺寸(5~100μm)玻璃微球的敏化效果和调节爆速效果比大尺寸(70~200μm)玻璃微球好,铝蜂窝结构炸药用于铝-钢爆炸焊接可以获得良好的结合质量。 相似文献
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为了研究温压炸药的后燃反应,采用双层容器充气装置,通过水下爆炸实验,计算了温压炸药的冲击波能、气泡能。通过对温压炸药的水下爆炸能量输出结构的研究,计算得到了不同气体氛围下的后燃反应释放能量。作为对比参照,在相同实验条件下,对TNT进行同等实验研究,结果表明:在2.5MPa氧气环境下,铝粉含量为40%时,温压炸药的比冲击波能最大,当铝粉含量为50%时,温压炸药的比气泡能与总比能量最大,分别为同等实验条件下1.99倍、1.62倍、1.55倍TNT当量;随着气体中含氧量的增大,后燃效应增强,TNT在氧气中的后燃值是空气中的1.94倍,温压炸药在氧气中的后燃值是空气中的2.70倍。 相似文献
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为了验证某组合装药的撞击安全性与内爆威力,开展了组合装药的大型落锤试验及爆炸罐内爆威力试验研究。结果表明:单一温压炸药在400 kg落锤作用下的临界落高为2.2 m,组合装药分别在2.2、2.3、2.5和2.7 m落高时均未发生爆炸反应,证明组合装药具有更好的撞击安全性;组合装药的初始冲击波超压峰值是单一温压炸药的61.9%,比冲量是单一温压炸药的99.4%,准静态压力峰值是单一温压炸药的94.5%。考虑到炸药在有限空间内爆炸的能量释放特性,将准静态压力峰值作为威力评价标准更为合适。试验结果证明组合装药的内爆威力与单一温压炸药相当。 相似文献
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水下爆炸冲击波作用下空化区域形成的特性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对水下爆炸冲击波作用下的局部空化和区域空化形成特性进行了理论和实验研究.引入平面冲击波假设,理论分析了结构几何尺度及冲击波参数的变化对空化区域形成的影响,并在直径5 m的圆柱形水箱中,对边长1 m、厚度2 mm的方形钢板在50 g TNT炸药、1 m爆距条件下进行了水下爆炸冲击实验,以验证局部空化理论.研究结果表明:在相同的冲击条件下,结构尺度的变化对局部空化的形成具有较大影响;炸药质量及爆深的变化会改变区域空化的形状及范围;实验结果与局部空化理论计算结果基本一致. 相似文献
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安全壳是核电厂的最后一道防线,其穹顶采用60°配筋混凝土进行设计和建造,配筋方式特殊。借助ANSYS/LS-DYNA,采用CONWEP爆炸模型,建立60°和普通配筋的混凝土板有限元模型,研究了近场爆炸作用下60°配筋混凝土板的动态响应,参数化分析了板厚、药量、钢筋屈服强度和混凝土强度等因素对60°配筋钢筋混凝土板抗爆性能的影响规律;对比研究了普通配筋和60°配筋混凝土板的中心挠度、变形和应力云图,基于数值分析结果,拟合得到两种配筋方式混凝土板中心挠度最大值与药量之间的关系曲线,利用回归分析得到其计算公式。研究结果表明:在相同含钢量的条件下,60°配筋混凝土板中心挠度最大提高60.22%,抗爆性能更强,拟合公式可以较好地预测60°配筋混凝土板的挠度变化。 相似文献
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Performance analysis of continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution under diverse weather conditions 下载免费PDF全文
《中国物理 B》2020,(2)
The effects of weather conditions are ubiquitous in practical wireless quantum communication links.Here in this work,the performances of atmospheric continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution(CV-MDI-QKD) under diverse weather conditions are analyzed quantitatively.According to the Mie scattering theory and atmospheric CV-MDI-QKD model,we numerically simulate the relationship between performance of CV-MDI-QKD and the rainy and foggy conditions,aiming to get close to the actual combat environment in the future.The results show that both rain and fog will degrade the performance of the CV-MDI-QKD protocol.Under the rainy condition,the larger the raindrop diameter,the more obvious the extinction effect is and the lower the secret key rate accordingly.In addition,we find that the secret key rate decreases with the increase of spot deflection distance and the fluctuation of deflection.Under the foggy condition,the results illustrate that the transmittance decreases with the increase of droplet radius or deflection distance,which eventually yields the decrease in the secret key rate.Besides,in both weather conditions,the increase of transmission distance also leads the secret key rate to deteriorate.Our work can provide a foundation for evaluating the performance evaluation and successfully implementing the atmospheric CV-MDI-QKD in the future field operation environment under different weather conditions. 相似文献
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Henderson B 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》2002,111(2):735-747
An experimental investigation into the sound-producing characteristics of moderately and highly underexpanded supersonic impinging jets exhausting from a round convergent nozzle is presented. The production of large plate tones by impingement on a square plate with a side dimension equal to 12 nozzle exit diameters is studied using random and phase-locked shadowgraph photography. Discrete frequency sound is produced in the near-wall region of the jet when a Mach disk occurs upstream of the standoff shock wave. Tones cease when the plate distance is approximately 2.2 free-jet cell lengths and the first and second shock waves are located in the free-jet positions. The production of impulsive sound appears to be associated with the collapse of the standoff shock wave during a portion of the oscillation cycle. Results from unsteady plate-pressure measurements indicate that plane-wave motion occurs in the impingement region and a secondary pressure maximum is observed on the plate adjacent to the flow region where sound appears to originate. 相似文献
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The influence of the processing parameters on the dynamic characteristic of supersonic impinging jet in laser cutting is studied numerically. The numerical modeling of a supersonic jet impinging on a plate with a hole is presented to analyze the gas jet–workpiece interaction. The model is able to make quantitative predictions of the effect of the standoff distance and exit Mach number on the mass flow rate and the axial thrust. The numerical results show that the suitable cutting range is slightly different for different exit Mach number, but the optimal cutting parameter for certain exit total pressure is nearly changeless. So the better cut quality and capacity can be obtained mainly by setting the suitable standoff distance for a certain nozzle pressure. 相似文献
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For a non-contact ultrasonic material removal process, the control of the standoff position can be crucial to process performance; particularly where the requirement is for a standoff of the order of <20 μm. The standoff distance relative to the surface to be machined can be set by first contacting the ultrasonic tool tip with the surface and then withdrawing the tool to the required position. Determination of this contact point in a dynamic system at ultrasonic frequencies (>20 kHz) is achieved by force measurement or by detection of acoustic emissions (AE). However, where detection of distance from a surface must be determined without contact taking place, an alternative method must be sought. 相似文献
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Loubeau A Sparrow VW Pater LL Wright WM 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》2006,120(3):EL29-EL35
Blast wave propagation measurements were conducted to investigate nonlinear propagation effects on blast waveform evolution with distance. Measurements were made with a wide-bandwidth capacitor microphone for comparison with conventional 3.175-mm (1/8-in.) microphones with and without baffles. It was found that the 3.175-mm microphone did not have sufficient high-frequency response to capture the actual rise times in some regions. For a source of 0.57 kg (1.25 lb) of C-4 plastic explosive, the trend observed is that nonlinear effects steepened the waveform, thereby decreasing the shock rise time, up to a range of 50 m. At 100 m, the rise times had increased slightly. 相似文献
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为了发展远距离探测未知或危险物质的方法, 设计并建立了近同轴可见光远距离拉曼光谱探测实验装置, 对硝酸盐固体样品进行了距离为2-10 m的拉曼光谱测量, 初步研究了拉曼信号强度与激发光功率、探测距离、样品浓度及样品表面方向之间的关系. 实验观察到三种硝酸盐在1050 cm-1附近的拉曼谱线, 其微小的差异可作为识别特征. 硝酸铵的特征拉曼谱线强度正比于激发光功率, 近似平方关系; 与探测距离之间趋向于二次反比关系; 与样品浓度接近指数关系; 与样品表面朝向有近似余弦函数的关系. 相似文献
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小型超宽谱高功率微波辐射系统由Tesla型100 kV级ns脉冲源、Peaking-Chopping型亚纳秒气体开关及TEM喇叭天线构成。系统重复运行频率100 Hz,辐射因子rEp值75 kV,主轴辐射场中心频率520 MHz,-3 dB频谱范围230~810 MHz。系统集成于一便携箱内,体积为80 cm50 cm26 cm,质量约45 kg。该系统结构紧凑,能够快速展开和撤收,可方便用于超宽谱高功率微波应用技术研究。 相似文献
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采用等效电路模型程序——BCYSSYS对系统参数进行优化,设计了04型爆磁压缩发生器及用04型发生器驱动的紧凑型爆炸脉冲电源。紧凑型爆炸脉冲电源长度小于1.2 m,直径0.4 m,质量约100 kg。实验结果表明:04型爆磁压缩发生器能够在3μH电感负载上获得脉宽约10μs、峰值为100 kA的脉冲大电流输出;当负载电阻为8.7Ω时,输出电功率大于20 GW。典型实验结果与采用BCYSSYS程序得到的计算结果吻合较好,验证了BCYSSYS程序用于爆炸脉冲电源理论设计的可行性。 相似文献