A New Numerical Method for Asymmetrical Abel Inversion

A new asymmetrical Abel inversion is presented for application in asymmetrical data which is obtained from plasma diagnostics (for instance, interferometry or spectroscopy) on the toroidal plasma system, and in which asymmetry exists normal to the direction of observation. In this new numerical method a weight function, which was obtained by separating the integrated quantity into odd and even parts, was used for determination of the asymmetrical local value. To demonstrate the usefulness of this new method, we set up a hypothetical data set, which resulted in a valid local value.     

A New Improvement Method of Abel Inversion

A new improvement method of Abel inversion is presented for application in asymmetrical measured value that is obtained from plasma diagnostics on the toroidal plasma system. The local value is symmetry up and town circle section, and asymmetry from left to right. This new method is aimed at general measuring configuration, and need not assume integration chords to be parallel (for instance, pinhole configurations). The local value in the boundary of toroidal plasma is obtained by other methods. In the center part, the asymmetrical local value is expanded to Fourier-Bessel series, and Fourier terms include the information of asymmetry. The coefficients of the expansions are determined using least-square-fitting method. We finally obtain the distribution of the local value by using the synthesis of the value in the boundary and the value in center part.     

A new method of asymmetric Abel inversion for magnetic equilibrium configuration state in tokamaks

It is difficult to obtain the asymmetrical factor along the observation direction parallel to the plasma mid-plane when the detected radiation is also in the mid-plane. This paper considers the magnetic surfaces and Grad--Shafranov shift, and develops a new method for inverse asymmetric electron density information, during magnetic equilibrium configuration in a tokamak.     

New data processing for multichannel FIR laser interferometer

Usually, both the probing and reference signals received by LATGS detectors of FIR interferometer pass through hardware phase discriminator and the output phase difference--hence the electron line densities is collected for analysis and display with a computerized data acquisition system(DAS). In this paper, a new numerical method for computing the phase difference in software has been developed instead of hardware phase discriminator, the temporal resolution and stability is improved. An asymmetrical Abel inversion is applied to processing the data from a seven-channel FIR HCN laser interferometer and the space-time distributions of plasma electron density in the HT-6M tokamak are derived.     

一种少投影光学层析新算法及其应用

研究少投影数情况下等离子体温度场重建问题。结合光学层析重建算法及等离子体光谱诊断中的谱线绝对强度法进行自由电弧等离子体温度场重建实验。理论上，详细讨论了一种基于最大熵准则及最优化原理的光学层析图像重建新算法。通过计算机数值模拟，考察了该算法对非对称温度场分布的重建效果。详细分析了投影噪声、投影方向数、场分布性质对重建精度的影响，并与代数迭代重建算法结果进行对比．结果表明，该算法以两个正交方向投影数据重建单峰余弦模拟场平均误差仅为0.3％，而代数迭代重建算法为3．81％；该算法以四个均匀角度间隔投影数据重建三峰随机高斯模拟场平均误差为1．77％，而代数迭代重建算法为2．02％。实验中，运用该算法结合谱线绝对强度法重建了自由电弧等离子体的温度分布。     

Electrostatic waves in a drifting ionospheric simulation plasma in the vicinity of the plasma frequency

Plasma drift effects on forced electrostatic oscillations are studied experimentally near the plasma frequency in a maxwellian plasma. Propagation measurements show an asymmetrical dispersion diagram; the drift velocity is also measured by a diagnostic method which can be applied to space measurements.     

从像上提取非旋转对称系统的传递函数制作解卷空间滤波器

本文提出从高分辨电子显微像中,利用光学、全息和部分相干等方法,提取传递函数,制作相位和振幅滤波器,实现解卷,提高高分辨电子显微像的分辨率.     

傅里叶变换光谱学相位校正的新方法

本文提出一种校正干涉图不对称性的新方法.采用本方法进行一次处理,就可把严重失对称的干涉图变成对称,从而可校正因相位误差而造成的复原光谱畸变.理论和实验都证明此方法比目前通用的各种相位校正方法有更好的效果.     

自适应发射光谱体层析技术重建三维等离子体场

提出一种基于多目标优化原理的自适应权重因子调节发射光谱体层析图像重建新算法SVRT(Self_adap tiveVolumeReconstructionTechnique)。通过计算机数值模拟,考察了该算法对非对称单峰发射系数场分布的重建效果。结果表明,SVRT算法具有收敛快,重建精度高的特点,仅用两个方向的投影数据就能高精度地重建单峰三维发射系数场分布。作为一个应用实例,结合谱线相对强度测量方法重建了自由电弧等离子体的三维温度场及电离度场分布。     

基于脉冲对的交叉相位调制脉冲压缩中离散效应的抑制

提出一种新的抑制离散效应的方法——非对称脉冲对法，并对采用该方法和采用非同步耦合法在基于脉冲对交叉相位调制对脉冲进行压缩过程中，对离散效应影响的抑制效果进行了研究.数值模拟的结果显示：对于峰值功率为10mW、半极大全宽度为5ps的高斯入射脉冲，采用非对称脉冲对法，可以获得压缩比为137、基座能量比为0122、峰值功率为116mW的压缩脉冲. 关键词： 交叉相位调制 离散效应 非同步耦合法 非对称脉冲对法     

多道干涉仪测量托卡马克等离子体电子密度

一、引 言 在目前托卡马克等离子体诊断中,采用垂直多道干涉仪测量等离子体电子密度时,由于等离子体水平位移的影响,使得测量信号在沿大环半径方向的分布是非对称的。这就要求采用非对称的Abel变换来给出等离子体电子密度的空间分布。一种常用的非对称Abel变换是分离变量法,它的基本思想是把测量信号分成对称元和非对称的权函数,对称部分采用标准的Abel变换,变换的结果乘上非对称的权函数。这种方法实际上是假定了等离子体电子密度弦积分值的不对称性与局部的不对称性是相同的;而且对称部分采用标准的Abel变换,如Barr的方法,Bockasten方法等。这些方法是把等离子体看成一个个同心圆,没有考虑到等离子体水平位移引起的弦长变化。本文采用一种新的变换方法,这种方法的特点是考虑到等离子体位移的实际情况。     

Use of nonlinear asymmetrical shock absorber to improve comfort on passenger vehicles

In this study the behaviour of two different types of shock absorbers, symmetrical (linear) and asymmetrical (nonlinear) is compared for use on passenger vehicles. The analyses use different standard road inputs and include variation of the severity parameter, the asymmetry ratio and the velocity of the vehicle. Performance indices and acceleration values are used to assess the efficacy of the asymmetrical systems. The comparisons show that the asymmetrical system, with nonlinear characteristics, tends to have a smoother and more progressive performance, both for vertical and angular movements. The half-car front asymmetrical system was introduced, and the simulation results show that the use of the asymmetrical system only at the front of the vehicle can further diminish the angular oscillations. As lower levels of acceleration are essential for improved ride comfort, the use of asymmetrical systems for vibrations and impact absorption can be a more advantageous choice for passenger vehicles.     

Quantitative simulations of ratchet potential in a dusty plasma ratchet

Using a dusty plasma ratchet, one can realize the rectification of charged dust particle in a plasma. To obtain the ratchet potential dominating the rectification, here we perform quantitative simulations based on a two-dimensional fluid model of capacitively coupled plasma. Plasma parameters are firstly calculated in two typical cross sections of the dusty plasma ratchet which cut vertically the saw channel at different azimuthal positions. The balance positions of charged dust particle in the two cross sections then can be found exactly. The electric potentials at the two balance positions have different values. Using interpolation in term of a double-sine function from previous experimental measurement, an asymmetrical ratchet potential along the saw channel is finally obtained. The asymmetrical orientation of the ratchet potential depends on discharge conditions. Quantitative simulations further reproduce our previous experimental phenomena such as the rectification of dust particle in the dusty plasma ratchet.     

Total absorption method for nonuniform layer

The possibilities of using the total absorption method for plasma diagnosis are examined both in the case of weak and strong absorption and in the intermediate case. A formula is obtained for the last two cases by which the distribution of the concentration of atoms along the plasma radius can be determined. For diagnosis purposes the distribution along the line of sight of the width of the absorption line and the distribution along the plasma radius of the halfwidth of the thin layer line, which specifically can be found from the asymmetrical self-reversed lines, must be measured. The limits of the applicability of the method are discussed.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 5, pp. 105–109, May, 1977.     

A Novel Fabrication for Method Long Period Fiber Grating

A new method of fabricating all-fiber broadband-rejection filter based on long period fiber grating (LPFG) is proposed. The principle in the method is to make periodic asymmetrical deformation in the core of fiber without microbends by electrode discharging so as to induce periodic refractive index changes. Two kinds of filters whose rejection peak wavelength at 1550 nm and 1310 nm are obtained. The insertion loss is less than 0.6 dB and 1.4 dB respectively. The 20 dB bandwidth ranges from 10 nm to 39 nm. The backward reflection loss is extremely small (less than -70 dB). Such devices can be used as isolation filters in 1310/1550 nm WDM system and other fields.     

A Novel Fabrication for Method Long PeriodFiber Grating

A new method of fabricating all-fiber broadband-rejection filter based on long period fiber grating (LPFG) is proposed. The principle in the method is to make periodic asymmetrical deformation in the core of fiber without microbends by electrode discharging so as to induce periodic refractive index changes. Two kinds of filters whose rejection peak wavelength at 1550 nm and 1310 nm are obtained. The insertion loss is less than 0.6 dB and 1.4 dB respectively. The 20 dB bandwidth ranges from 10 nm to 39 nm. The backward reflection loss is extremely small (less than - 70 dB). Such devices can be used as isolation filters in 1310/1550 nm WDM system and other fields.     

一种正交二视角光学层析重建算法

提出了一种基于最大熵原理的正交二视角重建算法,该算法能够较好地重建多峰非对称待测场,且只需两个正交方向的投影数据。算法中融合了含有轴对称因子的先验知识,该先验知识可由两个正交方向的投影数据迭代算出,并分析了正交投影方向这个因素对重建结果的影响。通过计算机数值模拟,结果表明,融合先验知识的正交二视角重建算法与没有融合先验知识的正交二视角重建算法相比重建精度全面超出。其中,在两峰随机余弦高斯模拟待测场的情况下均方根误差减少了73％。在三峰随机高斯模拟待测场的情况下均方根误差减少了47％。该算法充分显示了在重建多峰非对称待测场时的优越性。同时,由于只需要两个正交方向的投影数据,可使实验系统得到简化。     

Employing inverse return-to-zero and Manchester formats for uplink wavelength reuse in RoF systems

The inverse return-zero (IRZ) modulation format and Manchester format were investigated as wavelength reusing schemes in the RoF downlink systems. Since both of the modulation formats featured power remaining in the bit slot regardless of the bit value, the downlink optical carrier can be reused as the uplink light source. The performances of two formats were analyzed in the symmetrical and asymmetrical duplex RoF system. It was found that IRZ is more suitable for symmetrical system, and the duty cycle of IRZ pulse is the critical factor on the asymmetrical RoF system performance. However the Manchester format demonstrated the large system tolerance on asymmetrical duplex RoF system with the receiver sensitivity degradation within 1 dB.     

The Physics of the Retograde Motion of the Electric Arc

The retrograde motion of the cathodic arc attachment point in a transverse magnetic field is examined and is attributed to the asymmetrical confinement of the cathode-spot plasma which results from the asymmetrical combination of the self and applied magnetic fields. The confinement of the cathodic vapor on the retrograde side of the microspot enhances the electron emission on that side, and thus favors the observed retrograde motion of the arc attachment point. The model is shown to be consistent with a number of the reported features of the retrograde motion and of the cathode spot.     

Thermally stimulated currents as a measure of degradation of zinc oxide varistors

ZnO varistor degradation phenomena was studied using thermally stimulated current (TSC) method. It is believed that asymmetrical degradation of V-I characteristics caused by DC biasing is due to charge accumulation on the reverse biased side of ZnO grain barrier. The TSCs' measuring system and cryostat apparatus used in experiment were described. The thermally stimulated currents observed in this study for varistor samples doped with different amounts of Co, due to their recovery from asymmetrical electric stress, could not be controlled by movement of Zn interstitials with activation energy 0.55 v eV, as it is widely believed, for the TSC activation energy determined in this experiment was 0.39 v eV.