一维平面冲击波的移动网格算法

移动网格方法可以有效提高冲击波阵面计算的分辨率,多年来一直受到数值计算研究领域的关注。针对冲击波在凝聚介质中传播的数值模拟,利用变分原理构建了基于移动网格的自适应算法。移动网格的生成依赖包含控制函数的欧拉方程的迭代计算,通过控制方程从物理域到计算域的映射来求解物理量,并研究了不同移动网格迭代方法对计算效率的影响。数值结果显示了该算法的有效性。     

基于CFD/CSD的舵面控制气动弹性数值模拟方法

在动态网格上通过耦合求解流动控制方程和结构动力学方程, 发展了一种舵面控制下飞行器运动响应过程中气动弹性数值模拟研究方法.流动控制方程采用N-S方程, 结构动力学采用线性模态叠加方法, 其中流动控制方程空间离散采用基于非结构网格的有限体积方法, 对流通量采用计算HLLC格式, 非定常时间离散采用基于LU-SGS的双时间步长方法.模拟中, 气动运动和结构变形在双时间步长方法推进过程中采用改进松耦合方法, 气动网格与结构网格之间信息交换采用无限平板样条法实现, 飞行器的运动和变形采用基于重叠网格和Delaunay图映射变形网格相结合的方法进行处理.采用多个考核算例对发展的数值方法进行考核验证, 结果表明该方法可以高效精确模拟舵面开环控制下飞行器运动响应过程中的气动弹性特性.      

涡轮动叶冷却结构设计方法I:参数化设计

基于冷却结构参数化设计、传统的管网计算方法与新兴的气热耦合数值模拟技术,提出了一套涡轮冷却结构设计方法,并编写了相关的设计程序与计算程序.利用参数化设计方法可以快速而精确地设计冷却结构,管网计算用于指导方案设计,气热耦合数值模拟用于指导详细设计.参数化设计中利用"单元设计法"程序实现动叶冷却通道快速设计;借助管网计算模...     

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利用ANSYS CFX有限元程序建立了HL-2M欧姆测试线圈和冷却水模型,应用热传导和对流换热方程建立了流固边界层,对线圈的温升和冷却进行了流固耦合计算。计算结果表明,线圈由焦耳热引起的最高温升与电流密度、等效放电运行时间有关,而冷却水流量对最高温升影响较小,冷却水流量主要决定线圈的冷却时间间隔的长度,欧姆测试线圈的最长冷却时间间隔为5min。     

基于变分原理的二维热传导方程差分格式

研究二维热传导方程的差分数值模拟。用变分原理在不规则结构网格上建立热流通量形式的差分格式。将热流通量作为未知函数求泛函极值，并与温度函数联立求解。克服通常九点格式用插值方法计算网格边界上的热传导系数和网格结点上的温度所引入的误差。     

一种基于预估-修正策略的非定常流网格自适应加密/稀疏方法

给出一种非定常流动数值模拟的网格自适应处理方法.在"求解流动方程-自适应调整网格"的流程中,引入预估-修正步.根据自适应周期内每个时间步上的流场预估解,计算单元上的事后误差估算值.建立考虑解演变的网格自适应指示器,并进行多层次单元加密-稀疏的动态网格自适应处理.在自适应网格上重新计算流场.每个自适应周期中,流动演变区域的网格获得加密;而前一个周期中的特征现象已离开区域的网格被稀疏.应用边界非协调的当地DFD(Domain-Free Discretization)方法求解流动方程.为验证网格自适应处理方法,针对静止圆柱和自推进游鱼的流动进行了数值实验.     

一种可扩展的三维半导体器件并行数值模拟算法

在基于漂移-扩散模型的三维半导体器件数值模拟中,通过有限体积法进行数值离散,采用完全耦合的牛顿迭代求解非线性代数方程组,并使用基于代数多重网格预条件子的GMRES方法求解牛顿迭代中的线性方程组,构造一种稳健且高度可扩展的非结构四面体网格上求解半导体方程的并行算法.基于PHG平台实现该算法的并行计算程序,并对PN结和MOS场效应晶体管等问题进行了最大网格规模达到5亿单元、最大并行规模达到1 024进程的大规模数值模拟实验,结果表明,该算法计算效率高,可扩展性好.     

局部时间步长间断有限元方法求解三维欧拉方程

使用间断有限元方法求解三维流体力学方程.空间剖分采用非结构四面体网格,为了克服显格式在单元网格尺寸差别较大时计算效率低下的问题,在格式中采用局部时间步长技术(LTS),即控制方程在空间、时间上积分得到一种单步格式,既可以局部计算每个单元又避免了Runge-Kutta高精度格式处理三维问题时存储量过大的问题.为了提高流体...     

激光相变烧蚀二维结构网格程序的数值计算

研究激光相变烧蚀二维结构网格程序,对液-气相变、固液汽三相物质进行整体模拟.激光相变烧蚀二维结构网格程序采用气化相变开始后在迎激光方向局部加密的重分方法,动量守恒方程采用Wilkins三角形回路积分法,能量守恒方程采用基于节点重构的扩散方程有限体积格式.     

有限积分理论(FIT)及其在腔体计算中的应用

 通过介绍麦克斯韦方程的离散过程，简单介绍了有限积分理论（Finite Integration Theory）。该理论直接以电场强度和磁感应强度为未知量，采用两套互相正交的网格，将场矢量离散为不同网格点上的一系列分量，将矢量积分方程转化为一组线性方程组。通过对SFC高频腔体模拟的实例，可以看出，此方法在腔体本征频率、Q值及腔体并联阻抗等腔体参数计算中具有叫高的精度，说明了基于FIT的MAFIA程序在腔体模拟中的可靠性。     

翅片中带有热管的散热器数值模拟和实验研究

CPU温度的持续增高导致了能量分布不均匀,所以高热流密度热控制或大型服务器的冷却处理方式成为研究的热点。文中研究了翅片中带有热管的散热器,对其温度分布进行了数值模拟和实验研究分析,并与物理模型相同散热较好的平板型热管散热器进行了比较。结果表明:翅片中带有热管的散热器不仅可以提高散热器的传热温差,加强了散热底板的均温效果,而且使得翅片散热得到强化,更有效地降低了CPU的中心温度。     

电磁发射装置轨道热管理冷却管道的力学设计

为了解决电磁轨道发射器在实际应用中遇到的高热量积累问题，需要对轨道进行冷却。基于多物理场耦合仿真平台Comsol Multiphysics，从轨道结构特性和电气特性两个方面进行分析，提出了在轨道内部设置冷却管道的基本规律。建立发射器的电磁场和结构场耦合模型，利用有限元法对预紧力和电动力作用下的轨道响应进行数值计算。仿真结果表明，设置冷却管道会对轨道造成材料损失，进而影响轨道性能，冷却管道应当尽可能远离肩部与枢-轨接触面连接处，并提出了冷却管道位于轨道不同位置时，轨道的形变规律和电感梯度变化规律，为轨道热管理冷却管道的设置方案提供了理论依据。     

Investigation on Rijke pipe＇s acoustic characteristics by numerical simulation： modeling the pulsing flow field coupled the inner of pipe with its outer space

Based on the results of fluid dynamics, heat transfer and acoustics, a Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD） method was utilized to study the acoustic characteristics and self-excited pulsation mechanism inside a Rijke pipe. To avoid settling the irrational boundary conditions of the finite-amplitude standing wave in the Rijke thermo-acoustic system, the simulation modeling in the flow field, which coupled the inner of pipe with its outer space, was carried out to replace the traditional way in form of internal flow field numerical investigations. A hypothesis for heat source in energy equation including the relationship on unsteady heat of air around heat source, oscillation pressure and oscillation velocity was presented. To reflect the essence of Rijke pipe, simulation on self-excited oscillation was conducted by means of its own pulsation of pressure, velocity and temperature. This method can make the convergence process steady and effectively avoid divergence. The physical phenomenon of the self-excited Rijke pipe was analyzed. Moreover, the mechanisms on the Rijke pipe＇s self-excited oscillation were explained. Based on this method, comparative researches on the acoustic characteristic of the Rijke pipe with different size and different shape of nozzle were performed. The simulation results agreed with the experimental data satisfactorily. The results show that this numerical simulation can be used to study the sound pressure of nozzle for the engineering application of Rijke pipes.     

The Effect of Cooling Mode on Slow Crack Growth Resistance of Polyethylene Pipe

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes have been widely used as gas or water transport pipes owing to their comprehensive advantages. One of the principal failure modes determining pipe service lifetime is slow crack growth (SCG) with the crack occurring first at the inner surface due to the slow cooling rate of the pipe's inner wall during polyethylene (PE) pipe extrusion. In order to change the conventional cooling mode and increase the cooling rate in the inner wall of PE pipe during extrusion, a novel extrusion equipment was designed and manufactured by our research team. For this paper, compressed air as a cooling medium was introduced through the interior of the hot extruded pipe during its extrusion to realize the quick inner wall cooling, and the effects of the inner wall's cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the PE pipe were investigated. The experimental results showed that simultaneously cooling of both the outer and inner walls could decrease the difference in the solidification rate across the pipe and reduce the residual internal stresses in PE pipe. The quick cooling of the inner wall of the extruded pipe could also decrease the PE crystal thickness, and increase the number of tie molecules in the inner wall, which is a key parameter determining the resistance to SCG. As a result, compared to the PE pipe produced by the conventional extrusion, the crack initiation time of the PE pipe manufactured by the novel method increased from 27 h to 45 h and the crack growth rate was slower.     

A real-time infrared radiation imaging simulation method of aircraft skin with aerodynamic heating effect

Real-time infrared radiation simulation technology can provide effective support for rapid design and evaluation of a system which integrates infrared imaging technology. Considering the aerodynamic heating effect, this paper presents a real-time infrared radiation characteristic simulation method of aircraft skin based on the panel element method, which can help to assess the infrared radiation impacts of different environment factors and materials. A 3-D model of an aircraft was established and its surface was divided into different parts and panel element meshes to attach material properties. For each mesh, its heat exchange equation is solved so as to obtain the whole skin’s temperature and infrared radiation distribution. The simulation results reveal the influence of different factors on the skin surface radiation, including environmental radiation, aerodynamic heating and material properties. And the credibility and efficiency of the proposed aerodynamic heating simulation method were confirmed by comparing to the CFD simulation results.     

基于Tolman长度的Lucas-Washburn渗吸模型改进及数值模拟

经典的Lucas-Washburn(L-W)渗吸模型用Young-Laplace方程计算毛管压力, 但该方程在管径细小情形得出的毛管压力值与真实值存在较大偏差。本文运用Tolman长度改进Young-Laplace方程, 提出一种改进的L-W渗吸模型, 并将等截面圆管扩展至任意变化截面圆管, 得到变截面圆管中润湿流体注入长度随时间变化的数学模型。该模型为二阶非线性常微分方程, 无法求出解析解, 为此提出一种数值解法。选取截面变化的毛细管道, 通过数值模拟计算出润湿液体注入长度与时间的对应关系, 对Tolman长度的改进效果进行检验和分析。结果表明: 在研究范围内Tolman长度对L-W渗吸模型的改进效果表现出毛细管道半径越小, 效果越明显的规律。圆管局部缩小能改变渗吸水运动状态, 依次呈现出三种运动模式; 圆管局部扩大会缓慢改变渗吸水运动状态, 只呈现单一运动模式。     

ITER极向场磁体支撑冷却系统设计、分析与优化

讨论了ITER装置极向场磁体支撑的冷却管道分布方式，择优选用了沿支撑体宽度方向的管道分布方式进行了计算与分析。选取了冷却剂的温度与压降以及支撑体的温度作为评判分析结果好坏的依据，用有限元方法得到了符合设计标准的冷却管道系统的设计方案与数值模拟结果。     

LAMOST围挡通道的壁面传热影响分析

运用热分析软件Icepak对望远镜LAMOST的圆顶围挡通道进行了热计算与分析，重点分析了围挡壁面的热辐射和热传导对整个温度场的影响。在通风管道冷却方案的基础上，分别建立了壁面辐射和传导的热模型，描述了壁面的传热结构。仿真计算了增加壁面热辐射和热传导时主光学组件——焦面的温度场分布，并对此作了对比分析。数值计算与仿真结果表明：壁面传热对其内部温度场的影响不大;利用通风管道的冷却措施可将焦面的最大温度梯度控制在0.4℃／m；围挡的特性结构对传热有效。     

Radiation Acoustic Field of a Linear Phased Array on a Cylindrical Surface

A new linear ultrasonic phased array fixed on a cylindrical surface is designed. This kind of the cylindrical phased array can meet the specific requirements of the application in testing pipe quality inside pipes. Using the transducer, we can not only avoid mechanical rotating but also test the quality of any point in a pipe by ultrasonic phase array technology. The focused acoustic field distributions in the axial, radial and tangential directions of the transducer are investigated theoretically by numerical simulation. The energy flux density, the width of the main lobe, the imaging resolution, the grating lobe elimination and other characteristics are analysed. The effect of the focal distance, effective aperture, transducer radius, number of total element, and steering angle on the acoustic field distribution is also studied.thoroughly. Many important results are obtained.     

Novel energy dissipative method on the adaptive spatial discretization for the Allen–Cahn equation

We propose a novel energy dissipative method for the Allen–Cahn equation on nonuniform grids. For spatial discretization, the classical central difference method is utilized, while the average vector field method is applied for time discretization. Compared with the average vector field method on the uniform mesh, the proposed method can involve fewer grid points and achieve better numerical performance over long time simulation. This is due to the moving mesh method, which can concentrate the grid points more densely where the solution changes drastically. Numerical experiments are provided to illustrate the advantages of the proposed concrete adaptive energy dissipative scheme under large time and space steps over a long time.