海红果渣总黄酮的体外抗氧化活性

研究了海红果渣总黄酮(TFMM)的体外抗氧化作用,测定了TFMM对油脂过氧化、脱氧核糖氧化损伤的抑制作用以及对超氧阴离子(O2-)的清除作用,并与BHT比较.结果显示,TFMM对脂质过氧化以及脱氧核糖氧化损伤有明显的抑制作用,对超氧阴离子(O2-)有较强的清除作用,效果明显优于同浓度的BHT.且随着海红果总黄酮添加量的增加,对脂质过氧化、脱氧核糖氧化损伤的抑制作用以及超氧阴离子(O2-)的清除抑制作用也随之增强.     

通经草黄酮的体外抗氧化性

探讨通经草黄酮的体外抗氧化活性.采用Fenton反应产生羟基自由基体系、邻苯三酚自氧化体系、过氧化氢的反应体系对蒙药材通经草黄酮的抗氧化活性进行研究.通经草黄酮对羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、过氧化氢具有很强的清除作用,其EC50分别为0.0099、0.0060和0.0190mg/mL,且呈浓度依赖关系.通经草黄酮是一种天然有效的自由基清除剂.     

香蕉皮中总黄酮的体外抗氧化性

以芦丁为对照品,测定了香蕉皮中总黄酮的含量.并采用Fenton反应体系产生羟自由基和邻苯三酚自氧化产生超氧阴离子自由基,研究了香蕉皮总黄酮对两者的清除作用.结果表明,香蕉皮中总黄酮含量为0.946％.香蕉皮黄酮对O2-·和·OH均有较强的清除作用,在一定范围内随着黄酮浓度增大其抗氧化能力也随之增强.     

傅里叶变换显微红外光谱法研究羟自由基与红细胞膜脂和膜蛋白二级结构的作用机制

利用傅里叶变换显微红外光谱法和计算机辅助解析法研究了羟自由基作用于红细胞后膜蛋白二级结构的变化规律及羟自由基对红细胞膜脂损伤的作用机理。结果表明，由于羟自由基的攻击，导致表征蛋白质二级结构的α－螺旋的含量发生变化；自由基损伤３０分钟后，放置３小时其蛋白结构仍不能恢复；由于自由基的过氧化反应，膜脂磷氧双键ＯＰ（νｐ＝０）、ＯＣ双键及ＣＣ双键的含量均改变。     

赤包子黄酮的体外抗氧化性研究

探讨赤包子黄酮的体外抗氧化活性.采用Fenton反应产生羟自由基体系、超氧阴离子自由基体系、过氧化氢的反应体系对蒙药材赤包子黄酮的抗氧化活性进行研究.在试验质量浓度范围内,赤包子黄酮对羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、过氧化氢的清除率可达94%、39.9%、98.9%.赤包子黄酮是一种天然有效的自由基清除剂.     

用化学发光法研究蜂胶对氧自由基的清除作用

应用化学发光法研究了蜂胶对超氧阴离子自由基和羟基自由基的清除作用.结果表明,蜂胶的乙醇提取液能有效地抑制超氧阴离子和羟基自由基诱导的鲁米诺化学发光,随着发光体系中蜂胶浓度的升高,发光强度呈现下降趋势.该结果显示,蜂胶能显著地清除机体外产生的超氧阴离子自由基和羟基自由基,呈现量效关系,蜂胶是一种制造抗氧化食品或药品的优质原料.     

甘肃临泽小枣多糖提取及抗氧化性

研究了甘肃临泽小枣的抗氧化活性.采用邻二氮菲-Fe<'2+>-H<,2>O<,2>氧化法、邻苯三酚自氧化法以及卵黄脂蛋白不饱和脂肪酸过氧化体系对小枣多糖抗氧化作用进行了测定.临泽小枣多糖对羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基均有清除能力,并能抑制卵黄脂蛋白脂质过氧化作用,在相同浓度下,多糖提取液对羟自由基清除能力最强、抑制卵黄脂...     

新疆肉苁蓉多糖清除活性氧自由基

研究了肉苁蓉多糖体外抗氧化活性。以抗坏血酸为对照,以类Fenton反应产生羟自由基,多巴胺自氧化反应产生超氧阴离子自由基,次氯酸钠与过氧化氢反应产生单线态氧、二苯代苦味肼基自由基为实验模型,采用紫外-可见分光光度法和化学发光分析法,首次测定新疆肉苁蓉多糖对超氧阴离子自由基、羟自由基、DPPH.自由基（二苯代苦味肼基自由基）、单线态氧的清除作用。结果表明：新疆肉苁蓉多糖对上述自由基均有明显清除作用,且清除作用与多糖浓度呈正相关性。     

蕨菜醇提取物的抗氧化特性

采用二苯代苦味肼基自由基(DPPH)体系、羟基自由基体系、超氧阴离子自由基体系,对蕨菜醇提取物抗氧化特性进行研究,并同Vc、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(BHT)进行比较.结果表明:蕨菜醇提取物对这几种自由基均有不同程度清除作用,对DPPH自由基清除能力最强,当浓度为0.6mg/mL时,清除能力已超过BHT,当醇提物浓度为0.8mg/mL时,清除率已达83.6％,但一直小于Vc.醇提物浓度为15mg/mL时,对羟基自由基的清除率为82.4％,对超氧阴离子清除率为52.6％,在实验浓度范围内,抗氧化性小于Vc和BHT.     

信阳红、绿茶提取物的抗氧化能力

以信阳红、绿茶为原料,水和95％的乙醇为提取溶剂,考察提取物对羟自由基（·OH）和超氧阴离子自由基（·O2-）的清除作用.结果显示,两种溶剂红、绿茶提取物对两种自由基均有显著地清除作用,且红、绿茶水提取物对两种自由基的清除能力均高于乙醇提取物,两种溶剂红茶提取物对羟自由基（·OH）清除能力大于绿茶,绿茶乙醇提取物对超氧阴离子自由基（·O2-）清除能力大于红茶.     

Fluorescence and ESR studies on membrane oxidative damage by gamma radiation

Oxidative damage to cellular membranes critically controls the manifestation of cellular response to ionizing radiation. To gain further insight into the damaging mechanisms, we have investigated the effects of γ-radiation-generated free-radical-mediated peroxidative damage in egg yolk lecithin unilamellar liposomal membranes by employing 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH). Alterations in lipid bilayer fluidity and malondialdehyde (MDA) formation were measured in irradiated liposomal membranes as a function of radiation dose (0.1-1 kGy). A relationship seems to exist between the degree of radiation-induced peroxidative damage and the magnitude of DPH fluorescence decay in irradiated membranes. Radiation-induced membrane rigidization and MDA formation were significantly reduced when α-tocopherol, a natural membrane antioxidant, was present in the liposomes suggesting an involvement of lipid free radicals in the mechanism of the damage process. The results of the present study have been compared with those obtained by the electron spin resonance (ESR) technique on human erythrocyte ghost membranes with spin-labeled phospholipids having the unique capability to sensitively report on the dynamic state of the lipid environment inside the bilayer membrane. Iodoacetamide and N-ethylmaleimide spin labels were used to investigate alterations in membrane proteins. These results have contributed to our understanding of mechanisms involved in radiation membrane oxidative damage in terms of lipid peroxidation, fluidity changes and involvement of -SH groups of membrane proteins. Combined use of fluorescence and ESR spin-label techniques is of potential interest in probing the deeper molecular mechanisms of radiation injury in cellular membranes for developing strategies to modify the radiation damage to cells.     

荧光偏振法测定红细胞膜粘度在药学方面的应用

本文介绍荧光偏振法应用于“血瘀”的动物模型,观察用人参后血液红细胞膜粘度的变化,借以研究人参对于“血瘀”用药的药效作用.     

用化学发光法测量脂膜过氧化

血清或血浆,各类生物细胞和亚细胞器,普遍存在着自发的、低水平的化学发光现象,一般认为,这类发光是脂质过氧化所引起来的。为了搞清这种现象的本质,本试验选用了平面脂膜、人工囊泡沫—脂质体及生物膜—红细胞影泡为材料,使用了液体闪烁计数器测量脂质的氧化发光,从而以发光强度为准,判定脂膜过氧化的程度。     

Structural state of erythrocyte membranes in a human with Alzheimer’s disease

The structural state of erythrocyte membranes collected from patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was studied. The structural state was characterized by the degree of hemolysis and the content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA), as measures of the peroxide oxidation of lipids (POL), and by the microviscosity of the lipid bilayer. The microviscosity of the membranes was measured by the EPR spin probe method, with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-capryloyl-oxypiperidine-1-oxyl (lipid probe) and 5,6-benzo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-gamma-carboline-3-oxyl (protein probe). It was established that all patients with AD feature an increased fluidity of both the lipid and near-protein areas of erythrocyte membranes. Based on the POL intensity, three groups of patients were identified. The first group was characterized by an increased POL intensity. This group featured a high degree of hemolysis and a high MDA content both before and after incubation, with increases in both these parameters being observed upon incubation. The second and third groups were characterized by a low POL intensity. The second group exhibited a low degree of hemolysis and no increment upon incubation, with the MDA/PH ratio being much higher than unity. The third group was characterized by an increased degree of mechanical hemolysis and by decreases in the degree of homolysis and the MDA content upon incubation.     

Hemolysis of Erythrocytes and Erythrocyte Membrane Fluidity Changes by New Lysosomotropic Compounds

This work contains the results of studies on the influence of newly synthesized lysosomotropic substances (lysosomotropes) on human erythrocytes. Six homologous series of the compounds differing in the alkyl chain length and counterions were studied. They were found to hemolyse erythrocytes and to change their osmotic resistance. The observed hemolytic effects were dependent both on the compounds structure (polar head dimension and alkyl chain length of compound) and its form (the kind of the counterion). In parallel, the influence of lysosomotropes on fluidity of the erythrocyte membrane was studied. Three different fluorescent probes were used; 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH), 1-(4-trimethylammoniumphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, p-toluenesulfonate (TMA-DPH) and 6-dodecanoyl-2-dimethylaminonaphthalene (laurdan). Their anisotropy (DPH and TMA-DPH) or general polarization (laurdan) values after incorporation into ghost erythrocyte membranes were measured. The results obtained show that fluidity changes accompanied the effects observed in hemolytic experiments both quantitatively and qualitatively.     

抗氧化剂抗脂质过氧化机制的ESR研究

以NADH诱导的心肌线粒体损伤体系为模型,在体外用ESR研究了谷胱甘肽(GSH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的抗氧化机制.结果表明,低浓度的GSH可部分抑制体系中自由基的生成;SOD与HRP以适当比例共同作用,可完全抑制体系中自由基的生成,较好地防止脂质过氧化的发生.     

罗丹明6G缔合微粒光度法检测羟自由基及其在离体筛选抗氧化剂中的应用

在HCl-NaAc缓冲溶液中,Fenton反应产生的羟自由基被过量的KI捕获;生成的I3-分别与罗丹明B(λmax=554 nm)、罗丹明6G(λmax=526 nm)、罗丹明S(λmax=526 nm)和丁基罗丹明B(λmax=556 nm)形成缔合微粒,导致其吸收峰降低.羟自由基浓度(以H2O2浓度计)分别在0.136～0.68μg·mL-1,0.064～0.680 μg·mL-1,0.064～0.680 μg·mL-1和0.064～0.680 μg·mL-1范围内与罗丹明B、罗丹明6G、罗丹明S和丁基罗丹明B体系的吸光度降低值成正比.据此建立了一种测定抗氧化剂对羟自由基的清除率的新方法.测试了抗坏血酸等4种抗氧化剂以及6种茶叶提取液的抗氧化活性,所得到的结果较为满意.     

Ultrasound-induced membrane lipid peroxidation and cell damage of Escherichia coli in the presence of non-woven TiO2 fabrics

A non-woven titanium dioxide (TiO₂) fabric was applied to disinfection by ultrasound (US) irradiation, and the disinfection efficiency and lipid peroxidation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) cell membrane were evaluated to investigate the killing process. The addition of non-woven TiO₂ fabric enhanced hydroxyl (OH) radical generation and disinfection efficiency. Judging from the disinfection experiments using glutathione or t-butanol as a radical scavenger, the OH radical played a major role in cell killing in sonodynamic disinfection with non-woven TiO₂ fabric. Moreover, to understand the detailed killing process, damage to cell membrane was also evaluated using a diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine (DPPP) fluorescent probe, which detects the membrane’s lipid peroxidation. The addition of non-woven TiO₂ fabric aggravated this peroxidation. This aggravation was caused by the OH radical according to an assay using a radical scavenger. From these results, it was concluded that non-woven TiO₂ fabric as a sonocatalyst promoted peroxidation of the polyunsaturated phospholipid component of the lipid membrane initially and induced a major disorder in the E. coli cell membrane under US irradiation.     

Kinetic EPR studies on bio-antioxidants

The synergistic antioxidant mechanisms of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) with green tea polyphenols and β-carotene are discussed on the basis of kinetic studies on the reactions of α-tocopheroxyl radical with the green tea polyphenols, β-carotene and retinal by stopped-flow electron paramagnetic resonance technique, and on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation by these antioxidants.