基于压缩感知的后调制远距离三维成像研究

基于压缩感知(CS)理论,提出使用高功率纳秒脉冲激光器照射远距离目标物体,通过望远系统将目标物体成像到数字微镜阵列(DMD)上,利用DMD加载的调制图像对目标物体的像进行调制(后调制),采用光电倍增管(PMT)作为单像素探测器收集调制后的光强,通过压缩感知计算,完成对远距离目标物体的三维图像重建。将此系统应用于远距离三维成像,通过搭建实验系统,分别对距离为230m和4.5km左右的目标物体完成了绝对距离的测量,实现了64pixel×64pixel的三维成像。同时也证实利用压缩感知进行远距离图像恢复,随着采样率的提高,图像恢复的质量和对比度都有一定程度的提高;目标物体图像越稀疏,重构图像所需的采样次数越少。     

基于分块压缩感知理论的太赫兹波宽光束成像技术

提出了一种基于分块压缩感知理论的太赫兹波宽光束成像技术。模拟结果显示,该技术可以实现高分辨率、高质量的快速成像。采用连续太赫兹波CO_2气体激光器光源,基于宽光束矩阵调制采样,对不同物体进行了分块压缩感知成像,并与基于单像素随机采样的分块压缩感知方法进行了对比。结果表明,所提技术具有更高的成像稳定性,且其采样过程对不同成像物体的普适性更好。     

基于压缩感知的差分关联成像方案研究

关联成像可提供一种运用常规手段难以获得清晰图像的方法, 能够解决一些常规成像技术不易解决的问题, 是近些年来量子光学领域的前沿和热点之一.本文提出一种基于压缩感知的差分关联成像方案(简称, 差分压缩关联成像方案), 将高斯分布的热光源强度分布作为压缩感知的测量矩阵, 差分物体信息作为被成像物体信息, 利用差分关联成像方案的高成像信噪比和压缩感知技术的低采样次数, 通过正交匹配追踪算法, 高质量地恢复出物体信息. 并以二灰度“双缝”、“NUPT”, 多灰度Lena图和Boats图为例, 数值仿真差分压缩关联成像过程; 同时将本方案350次测量的结果与差分关联成像方案30000次测量的结果进行对比, 研究结果表明针对不同的被成像物体(二灰度“双缝”、“NUPT”, 以及多灰度Lena图和Boats图), 10次成像的均方误差平均值分别降低了97.7%, 93.9%, 92.5%和71.4%; 与压缩鬼成像方案相比, 同样测量次数条件下均方误差值对于二灰度双缝和多灰度Lena图、Boats图等目标物 体分别有50.4%, 72.9%和66.8%的降低. 差分压缩关联成像方案极大地提高了成像信噪比, 降低了成像时间. 关键词： 关联成像 差分 压缩感知 均方误差     

基于空-谱编码的压缩感知高光谱计算成像

压缩感知高光谱计算成像技术是当前高光谱计算成像领域的研究热点之一,其能够在保持系统元器件物理特性不变的前提下,有效地提升成像质量。本文概述了高光谱计算成像的研究背景和基本概念,详细介绍了压缩感知高光谱计算成像系统的发展现状,重点阐述了本团队提出的基于空-谱编码的压缩感知高光谱计算成像技术,并对其系统组成、数理模型以及最新进展进行了说明。通过总结压缩感知高光谱计算成像的背景知识以及空-谱编码压缩感知高光谱计算成像的研究工作,力求为科研人员探索压缩感知高光谱计算成像新体制带来新的思路,促进高光谱计算成像技术的发展。     

基于行扫描测量的运动目标压缩成像

运动目标成像在实际应用中具有重要作用,而如何获取高质量运动目标图像是该领域研究中的一个热点问题.本文采用行扫描采样的方式,通过构造运动测量矩阵,建立一种基于压缩感知理论的运动物体成像模型,并通过仿真及实验,验证了该模型对于恢复运动物体图像信息的可行性.实验结果证明,该方法可获得高质量的运动物体成像.通过引入图像质量评价标准,分析了运动物体成像质量与速度之间的关系.将该方法与普通压缩感知算法进行比较,结果证明,在相同速度下,该方法的成像质量更高.该方法在无人机对地观测、产品线视频监测等领域有着很好的应用前景.     

一种数字微镜阵列分区控制和超分辨重建的压缩感知成像法

提出一种压缩感知成像框架结构.该结构采样端用新建的采样矩阵实现数字微镜阵列分区控制,可增强信息获取的准确性,测量得到与新数字微镜阵列对应的压缩采样值;重构端由采样值优化重构出低分辨率图像后,根据分区控制过程建立压缩感知理论框架下的超分辨重建模型,利用梯度稀疏约束优化算法进行求解,恢复出原高分辨率图像.实验结果表明:数字微镜阵列分区控制与超分辨重建相结合的方法可以明显降低压缩感知成像系统的计算量,缩短成像时间,并且具有较高的图像重构质量.     

基于相位调制的复值物体压缩关联成像理论研究

在关联成像方案中,通过强度关联可在参考臂上获得目标物体振幅信息,却不能恢复出目体物体的相位信息,而相位常常包含了目标物体的一些特殊信息.本文提出了一种新的关联成像方案,能够恢复出复值透射物体的振幅和相位信息.该方案通过分束器及π/2变相板在接收端分离出复值物体的实部和虚部信息,再利用二阶关联成像过程分别获得目标物体的实部和虚部信息,从而恢复出复值物体;在此基础上,利用压缩感知重建算法,获得了基于相位调制的复值物体的压缩关联成像方案.研究结果表明该方案可适用于一般化的复值物体恢复,也可克服测量次数多、重构时间长等目标物体重建问题.对于一般具有高斯分布的复值物体可用约奈奎斯特采样率的36%的测量次数获得振幅和相位恢复均方误差值约为10-2的高质量重建复值物体.     

散斑及压缩计算成像研究进展

计算成像是集光学、计算科学、信息科学于一体的新兴交叉领域技术。该技术基于多维光场调控与解调的信息传输原理,利用前端光电成像系统与后端数据处理的“一体化设计”,解决光场信息维度与探测维度不匹配的问题,从而有效提升感知能力和探测性能,目前已成为光电成像领域的前沿方向。其中,散斑成像能够通过调控散斑场来实现强散射光成像,打破了光散射妨碍成像的传统观点;空域和时域压缩计算成像通过对光场信号的编码,能够突破半导体工艺、大量数据传递与处理对高分辨率、高速探测器的限制;压缩计算光谱成像结合光学调制、复用探测与计算重构,解决了传统光谱成像中系统复杂、数据采集效率低和分辨率受限的问题。详细介绍这3类计算成像模式的原理方法和最新研究进展,分析当前尚存的问题,并对这类技术的未来发展方向进行了展望。     

基于经典光学方法的物体表面微观结构的三维成像

设计了基于经典光学方法的物体表面微观结构的三维成像实验装置以及相应计算程序,从记录不同角度平行光照射下的物体表面照度出发,经图片处理后得到物体表面的三维立体结构.     

位错点阵投影的三维数字成像

提出一种基于位错点阵投影的三维数字成像方法。该方法以二维点阵结构光顺序照明参考平面和被测物体表面,通过分析分别投影在参考平面和物体上的点阵的成像过程,建立投射在参考平面和被测物体表面上的点阵中同一点在成像面上横向位置错动与被测物体深度之间的数学模型。依据此模型,通过计算相对应点在成像平面上的横向位移。可计算出物体的深度图像。二维点阵可以在垂直于光轴的平面内做横向和纵向的两维移动,以填补由于离散而丢失的其他空间点的深度信息,获得高空间分辨率。实验验证了该方法的可行性,此方法对于拓扑复杂的表面和大梯度表面有较强的适应性。     

X射线光场成像技术研究

X射线三维成像技术是目前国内外X射线成像研究领域的一个研究热点.但针对一些特殊成像目标,传统X射线计算层析(CT)成像模式易出现投影信息缺失等问题,影响CT重建的图像质量,使得CT成像的应用受到一定的限制.本文主要研究了基于光场成像理论的X射线三维立体成像技术.首先从同步辐射光源模型出发,对X射线光场成像进行建模;然后,基于光场成像数字重聚焦理论,对成像目标场在深度方向上进行切片重建.结果表明:该方法可以实现对成像目标任一视角下任一深度的内部切片重建,但是由于光学聚焦过程中的离焦现象,会引入较为严重的背景噪声.当对其原始数据进行滤波后,再进行X射线光场重聚焦,可以有效消除重建伪影,提高图像的重建质量.本研究既有算法理论意义,又可应用于工业、医疗等较复杂目标的快速检测,具有较大的应用价值.     

Occlusion removal technique for improved recognition of partially occluded 3D objects in computational integral imaging

In this paper, we propose an occlusion removal technique for improved recognition of 3D objects that are partially occluded in computational integral imaging (CII). In the reconstruction process of a 3D object which is partially occluded by other objects, occlusion degrades the resolution of reconstructed 3D images and thus this affects negatively the recognition of a 3D object in CII. To overcome this problem, we introduce a method to eliminate occluding objects in elemental image array (EIA) and the proposed method is applied to 3D object recognition by use of CII. To our best knowledge, this is the first time to remove occlusion in CII. In our method, we apply the elemental image to sub-image (ES) transform to EIA obtained by a pickup process and those sub-images are employed for occlusion removal. After the transformation, we correlate those sub-images with a reference sub-image to locate occluding objects and then we eliminate the objects. The inverse ES transform provides a modified EIA. Actually, the modified EIA is considered to be an EIA without the object that occludes the object to be reconstructed. This can provide a substantial gain in terms of the image quality of 3D objects and in terms of recognition performance. To verify the usefulness of the proposed technique, some experimental results are carried out and the results are presented.     

Three-dimensional visualization of objects in scattering medium using integral imaging and spectral analysis

This paper presents a three-dimensional visualization method of 3D objects in a scattering medium. The proposed method employs integral imaging and spectral analysis to improve the visual quality of 3D images. The images observed from 3D objects in the scattering medium such as turbid water suffer from image degradation due to scattering. The main reason is that the observed image signal is very weak compared with the scattering signal. Common image enhancement techniques including histogram equalization and contrast enhancement works improperly to overcome the problem. Thus, integral imaging that enables to integrate the weak signals from multiple images was discussed to improve image quality. In this paper, we apply spectral analysis to an integral imaging system such as the computational integral imaging reconstruction. Also, we introduce a signal model with a visibility parameter to analyze the scattering signal. The proposed method based on spectral analysis efficiently estimates the original signal and it is applied to elemental images. The visibility-enhanced elemental images are then used to reconstruct 3D images using a computational integral imaging reconstruction algorithm. To evaluate the proposed method, we perform the optical experiments for 3D objects in turbid water. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods.     

Optical display of true 3D objects in depth-priority integral imaging using an active sensor

In this paper, we propose a system combining the pickup process using an active sensor and the display process using depth-priority integral imaging (DPII) system to display true three-dimensional (3D) objects within large depth through real and virtual image fields. The active sensor provides depth map and color images of 3D objects. Using captured depth map and original color images, elemental images are computationally synthesized and displayed optically in DPII system. Proposed system provides scaling of 3D scenes for true 3D object. To show the usefulness of proposed system, we carry out the experiment for true 3D objects of three character patterns and present the experimental results.     

AOTF高光谱成像0级干扰抑制方法研究

随着光谱成像技术的发展,以高空间分辨率和高光谱分辨率获得的图像极大地提高了地物目标的识别能力,为准确获取地物被测目标的二维空间影像信息和一维光谱信息,设计完成一种基于声光可调滤波器(AOTF)的高光谱成像系统,但由于系统中偏振片消光比有限,导致视场外的0级光与被测目标的+1级衍射光发生重叠,而AOTF无驱动时成像可近似为0级干扰的图像,为此提出一种AOTF加驱动图像减无驱动图像的0级干扰抑制方法。并采用该系统样机进行外场光谱成像实验,对结果进行0级干扰抑制方法修正,修正后的结果表明该方法不仅大幅度消除了0级光的干扰,而且还提高了整个成像光谱的测量精度。     

Computational ghost imaging with deep compressed sensing

Computational ghost imaging (CGI) provides an elegant framework for indirect imaging, but its application has been restricted by low imaging performance. Herein, we propose a novel approach that significantly improves the imaging performance of CGI. In this scheme, we optimize the conventional CGI data processing algorithm by using a novel compressed sensing (CS) algorithm based on a deep convolution generative adversarial network (DCGAN). CS is used to process the data output by a conventional CGI device. The processed data are trained by a DCGAN to reconstruct the image. Qualitative and quantitative results show that this method significantly improves the quality of reconstructed images by jointly training a generator and the optimization process for reconstruction via meta-learning. Moreover, the background noise can be eliminated well by this method.     

Three-dimensional integral imaging with improved visualization using subpixel optical ray sensing

In this Letter, we propose an improved three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction method for integral imaging. We use subpixel sensing of the optical rays of the 3D scene projected onto the image sensor. When reconstructing the 3D image, we use a calculated minimum subpixel distance for each sensor pixel instead of the average pixel value of integrated pixels from elemental images. The minimum subpixel distance is defined by measuring the distance between the center of the sensor pixel and the physical position of the imaging lens point spread function onto the sensor, which is projected from each reconstruction point for all elemental images. To show the usefulness of the proposed method, preliminary 3D imaging experiments are presented. Experimental results reveal that the proposed method may improve 3D imaging visualization because of the superior sensing and reconstruction of optical ray direction and intensity information for 3D objects.     

高对比度目标的电磁逆散射超分辨成像

提出了一种适用于高对比度目标的超分辨成像方法,通过结合对比度源反演方法与基于轨道角动量的超分辨技术,实现对高对比度目标的超分辨成像.首先采用基于轨道角动量的成像方法求解出对比度函数,将其作为对比度源反演方法的迭代初值,虽然初值结果与实际目标相差较大,但是由于初值中已经包含了关于目标的倏逝波信息,再利用这个初值开始迭代便可以得到超分辨重建结果,这种方法具有一定的抗噪声能力.本文研究表明,为了实现超分辨成像,一方面需要将目标对应的倏逝波信息转化到测量数据中,另一方面还要保证成像算法能够充分利用这些信息.本文所引申出的关于超分辨信息的概念对于逆散射超分辨成像的研究具有一定的借鉴意义.     

Computational integral imaging reconstruction scheme of far 3D objects by additional use of an imaging lens

In this paper, we propose a novel performance-enhanced computational integral imaging reconstruction (CIIR) scheme by additional use of an imaging lens. In the proposed scheme, elemental images can be obtained by using a simultaneous pickup scheme of far three-dimensional (3D) objects from the lenslet array in both real and virtual image fields. And additional imaging lens produces an image shift effect of 3D objects located far away from the lenslet array and improve the visual quality of reconstructed images in CIIR by overcoming limitation of pickup range in integral imaging. To show the usefulness of the proposed system, some experiments are carried out for real 3D objects and its results are presented.