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 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
王含  张振宇  杨永明  胡越  张慧生 《中国物理 B》2008,17(10):3847-3855
A numerical method for simulating the motion and deformation of an axisymmetric bubble or drop rising or falling in another infinite and initially stationary fluid is developed based on the volume of fluid (VOF) method in the frame of two incompressible and immiscible viscous fluids under the action of gravity, taking into consideration of surface tension effects. A comparison of the numerical results by this method with those by other works indicates the validity of the method. In the frame of inviseid and incompressible fluids without taking into consideration of surface tension effects, the mechanisms of the generation of the liquid jet and the transition from spherical shape to toroidal shape during the bubble or drop deformation, the increase of the ring diameter of the toroidal bubble or drop and the decrease of its cross-section area during its motion, and the effects of the density ratio of the two fluids on the deformation of the bubble or drop are analysed both theoretically and numerically.  相似文献   

2.
By coupling the phase field model with the continuity equation of incompressible fluid, Navier–Stokes equation,electric field equation, and other governing equations, a multi-field coupling model for multi-bubble coalescence in a viscous fluids is established. The phase field method is used to capture the two-phase interface. The motion and coalescence of a pair of coaxial bubbles under an external uniform electric field and the effects of different electric field strengths on the interaction and coalescence of rising bubbles are studied. The results show that the uniform electric field accelerates the collision and coalescence process of double bubbles in the fluid, and increases the rising velocity of the coalesced bubble.The electric field with an intensity of E = 2 kV/mm is reduced about 2 times compared with that without electric field in coalescence time. When the electric field strength is strong(E ≥ 1 kV/mm), the coalesced bubble will rupture before it rises to the top of the calculation area, and the time of the bubble rupturing also decreases with the increase of the electric field strength. The phase field method is compared with the simulation results of Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM), and the shape of bubble obtained by the two methods is in good agreement, which verifies the correctness of the calculation model.  相似文献   

3.
Capillary Rise in a Single Tortuous Capillary   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
The impact of convolutedness of capillary on the capillary rise of wetting liquid in a single tortuous capillary is studied. By introducing tortuosity and fractal dimension for a tortuous capillary, analytical expression for time evolution of the height/weight of capillary rise is obtained. It is found that the accumulated weight of liquid imbibed into a single tortuous capillary is independent of the shape of a capillary in the early rising stage.  相似文献   

4.
We investigate the dynamics of two interaction electrons confined to one-dimensional quantum dot array in an ac electric field.We find that initially localized electrons will remain localized in the absence of coulomb interaction if the ratio of the ac field magnitude to the frequency is a root of the ordinary zero-order Bessel function.In contrast to the case without Coulomb interaction,no matter what the value is,the electrons are delocalized and the delocalization effect depends on the ratio U/ω and eaE/ω,where U is the strength of Coulomb interaction,a is the lattice constant,and E and ω are the ac field amplitude and frequency,respectively.  相似文献   

5.
Evolution of the charged grains in a two-dimensional dusty plasma under a spatially harmonic external force,in particular,their long-time behaviors after the force has been withdrawn,is studied by using molecular dynamics simulation.Under an external force and a grain–grain interaction force,initially homogeneously distributed grains can reach a quasistationary state in the form of a disk crystal.After the external force is withdrawn,the disk moves initially with its size and shape nearly unchanged until it rapidly stops moving,and eventually the disk grain rotates like a vortex.The time needed to reach the final state increases with the strength of the initial external force increasing.  相似文献   

6.
In the frame of inviscid and incompressible flow and by neglecting surface tension effects, the dynamical mechanism of the generation and the development of the liquid column during the burst of a rising bubble near a free surface is studied theoretically and numerically by the volume-of-fluid method.  相似文献   

7.
8.
We study the behaviour of atoms in a field with both static magnetic field and radio frequency (rf) magnetic field. We calculate the adiabatic potential of atoms numerically beyond the usually rotating wave approximation, and it is pointed that there is a great difference between using these two methods. We find the preconditions when RWA is valid. In the extreme of static field almost parallel to rf field, we reach an analytic formula. Finally, we apply this method to 87 Rb and propose a guide based on an rf field on atom chip.  相似文献   

9.
Characteristics of a direct current(DC) discharge in atmospheric pressure helium are numerically investigated based on a one-dimensional fluid model. The results indicate that the discharge does not reach its steady state till it takes a period of time. Moreover, the required time increases and the current density of the steady state decreases with increasing the gap width. Through analyzing the spatial distributions of the electron density, the ion density and the electric field at different discharge moments, it is found that the DC discharge starts with a Townsend regime, then transits to a glow regime. In addition, the discharge operates in a normal glow mode or an abnormal glow one under different parameters, such as the gap width, the ballast resistors, and the secondary electron emission coefficients, judged by its voltage–current characteristics.  相似文献   

10.
范浩权  杨万里  黄学人  冯芒 《中国物理 B》2009,18(11):4893-4900
We explore the possibility of an N-qubit (N > 3) Grover search in cavity QED,based on a fast operation of an N-qubit controlled phase-flip with atoms in resonance with the cavity mode.We demonstrate both analytically and numerically that our scheme can be achieved efficiently to find a marked state with high fidelity and high success probability.As an example,a ten-qubit Grover search is simulated specifically under the discussion of experimental feasibility and challenge.We argue that our scheme is applicable to the case involving an arbitrary number of qubits.As cavity decay is involved in our quantum trajectory treatment,we can analytically understand the implementation of a Grover search subject to dissipation,which will be very helpful for relevant experiments.  相似文献   

11.

Using the Boussinesq buoyancy approximation, we study a bubble of reaction products rising in the reactant fluid under the influence of gravity. Reaction on the surface of the bubble (the flame) results in an increase of the volume of the bubble. We consider fluids with low Prandtl and high Froude numbers (heat diffusion dominates over viscous dissipation, and burning dominates over gravitational effects). We show that, under these conditions, all initially small bubbles follow the same growth pattern, regardless of the flame speed, the reaction type, the gravity, the viscosity, the initial size, and, to some extent, the initial shape of the bubble. In the initial stage of this similarity solution a bubble grows radially in an essentially motionless fluid until it reaches some critical size, which is determined by the laminar flame speed, the gravitational acceleration, and the Atwood number. Once the bubble reaches the critical size, convection becomes significant and the bubble evolves into a more complicated, mushroom-like shape. The similarity solution is expressed using the critical bubble size for the unit length and the critical size divided by the laminar flame speed as the unit time.  相似文献   

12.
We study non-linear bubble oscillations driven by an acoustic pressure with the bubble being immersed in a viscoelastic, Phan-Thien–Tanner liquid. Solution is provided numerically through a method which is based on a finite element discretization of the Navier–Stokes flow equations. The proposed computational approach does not rely on the solution of the simplified Rayleigh–Plesset equation, is not limited in studying only spherically symmetric bubbles and provides coupled solutions for the velocity, stress fields and bubble interface. We present solutions for non-spherical bubbles, with asphericity being addressed by means of Legendre polynomials or associated Legendre functions. A parametric investigation of the bubble dynamical oscillatory response as a function of the fluid rheological properties shows that the amplitude of bubble oscillations drastically increases as liquid elasticity (quantified by the Deborah number) increases or as liquid viscosity decreases (quantified by the Reynolds number). Extensive numerical calculations demonstrate that increasing elasticity and/or viscosity of the surrounding liquid tend to stabilize the shape anisotropy of an initially non-spherical bubble. Results are shown for pressure amplitudes 0.2–2 MPa and Deborah, Reynolds numbers in the intervals of 1–8 and 0.094–1.256, respectively.  相似文献   

13.
黏性液体中单个气泡上升的形状特性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用基于Level Set方法的直接数值模拟技术对黏性液体中单个气泡的上升运动进行三维模拟.数值模拟采用拟单相流模型处理气泡内外的气液两相流动,应用Level Set方法捕捉运动气泡的变形.针对Eo数从O(0)~O(2),Mo数从O(-11)~O(2)的流动范围,重点研究了上升气泡的形状特性,并与经典的气泡形状图谱进行了比较.模拟结果表明,上升气泡的形状与无量纲参数(Eo、Mo和Re)密切相关.在高Re的扁椭球区域,数值发现了气泡形状的周期性振荡行为.  相似文献   

14.
If a long air bubble is placed inside a vertical tube closed at the top it can rise by displacing the fluid above it. However, Bretherton found that if the tube radius, R, is smaller than a critical value \(R_{c}=0.918 \; \ell _c\), where \(\ell _c=\sqrt{\gamma /\rho g}\) is the capillary length, there is no solution corresponding to steady rise. Experimentally, the bubble rise appears to have stopped altogether. Here we explain this observation by studying the unsteady bubble motion for \(R<R_{c}\). We find that the minimum spacing between the bubble and the tube goes to zero in limit of large t like \(t^{-4/5}\), leading to a rapid slow-down of the bubble’s mean speed \(U \propto t^{-2}\). As a result, the total bubble rise in infinite time remains very small, giving the appearance of arrested motion.  相似文献   

15.
Naveen Neil Sinha 《哲学杂志》2013,93(24):2815-2827

Gas bubbles in liquids have been studied for decades with a variety of optical and acoustic techniques. The evolution of a bubble consists of several stages, including formation and growth at a nozzle, detachment and resonance, and rise towards terminal velocity. Most existing techniques can monitor only a single aspect of the bubble behaviour. This work describes an acoustic technique to monitor all stages of an air bubble's evolution. The technique uses a combination of passive acoustic listening and active ultrasonic Doppler observation to study millimetre-sized air bubbles in liquid. A hollow cylindrical piezoelectric transducer, located around the nozzle used to produce the bubbles, detects the resonance of the bubble following its detachment. An ultrasonic Doppler system, positioned several centimetres above the nozzle, monitors both the growth and the rise of the bubble, including shape oscillations and the terminal velocity through the use of joint time-frequency analysis. Because all aspects of the bubble evolution are affected by the properties of the liquid, by monitoring the bubble evolution with this technique the rising bubble can potentially be used as a tool to characterize the liquid.  相似文献   

16.
A simple new model of the spatial distribution of the liquid temperature near a cavitation bubble wall (Tli) is employed to numerically calculate Tli. The result shows that Tli is almost same with the ambient liquid temperature (T0) during the bubble oscillations except at strong collapse. At strong collapse, Tli can increase to about 1510 K, the same order of magnitude with that of the maximum temperature inside the bubble, which means that the chemical reactions occur not only in gas-phase inside the collapsing bubble but also in liquid-phase just outside the collapsing bubble. Four factors (ultrasonic vibration amplitude, ultrasonic frequency, the surface tension and the viscosity) are considered to study their effects for the thin liquid layer. The results show that for the thin layer, the thickness and the temperature increase as the ultrasonic vibration amplitude rise; conversely, the thickness and the temperature decrease with the increase of the ultrasonic frequency, the surface tension or the viscosity.  相似文献   

17.
李帅  张阿漫 《物理学报》2014,63(5):54705-054705
本文针对毫米量级的上浮气泡在壁面处的弹跳现象进行数值研究.基于势流方法求解气泡的运动,同时考虑气泡的表面张力作用.在伯努利方程中,对气泡与壁面之间水膜中因黏性引起的压力梯度进行修正,开发相应的计算程序,计算值与实验值符合良好.从气泡弹跳的基本现象入手,研究了特征参数对气泡弹跳过程的动态特性以及最终平衡形态的影响.发现随着泡在撞击壁面之前上浮距离增大,气泡回弹距离和弹跳周期增加,但是当上浮距离增加到一定程度后将不会影响气泡的弹跳特性;表面张力是影响气泡弹跳特性的重要因素,气泡的弹跳周期随其增大逐渐减小,但回弹距离却呈现先增后减的规律;最后,影响气泡最终平衡形态的主要因素是气泡的浮力参数与韦伯数.  相似文献   

18.
This study aims principally to assess numerically the impact of methanol mass transport (i.e., evaporation/condensation across the acoustic bubble wall) on the thermodynamics and chemical effects (methanol conversion, hydrogen and oxygenated reactive species production) of acoustic cavitation in sono-irradiated aqueous solution. This effect was revealed at various ultrasound frequencies (from 213 to 1000 kHz) and acoustic intensities (1 and 2 W/cm2) over a range of methanol concentrations (from 0 to 100%, v/v). It was found that the impact of methanol concentration on the expansion and compression ratios, bubble temperature, CH3OH conversion and the molar productions inside the bubble is frequency dependent (either with or without consideration of methanol mass transport), where this effect is more pronounced when the ultrasound frequency is decreased. Alternatively, the decrease in acoustic intensity decreases clearly the effect of methanol mass transport on the bubble sono-activity. When methanol mass transfer is eliminated, the decrease of the bubble temperature, CH3OH conversion and the molar yield of the bubble with the rise of methanol concentration was found to be more amortized as the wave frequency is reduced from 1 MHz to 213 kHz, compared to the case when the mass transport of methanol is taken into account. Our findings indicate clearly the importance of incorporating the evaporation and condensation mechanisms of methanol throughout the numerical simulations of a single bubble dynamics and chemical activity.  相似文献   

19.
The continuous emission of gas bubbles from a single ejection orifice immersed in a viscous fluid is considered. We first present a semi empirical model of spherical bubble growth under constant flow conditions to predict the bubble volume at the detachment stage. In a second part, we propose a physical model to describe the rise velocity of in-line interacting bubbles and we derive an expression for the net viscous force acting on the surrounding fluid. Experimental results for air/water-glycerol systems are presented for a wide range of fluid viscosity and compared with theoretical predictions. An imagery technique was used to determine the bubble size and rise velocity. The effects of fluid viscosity, gas flow rate, orifice diameter and liquid depth on the bubble stream dynamic were analyzed. We have further studied the effect of large scale recirculation flow and the influence of a neighbouring bubble stream on the bubble growth and rising velocity. Received: 23 July 1997 / Revised: 16 December 1997 / Accepted: 11 May 1998  相似文献   

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