高能强子–核作用中快度分布与横能的关联

假定强子-核作用中的产生粒子相对于反应体质心系各向同性衰变,给出了强子-核作用中横能快度分布,计算结果能够解释最新的HELIOS合作组的实验结果.     

高能核子-核子和核-核碰撞中电荷起伏的测量

利用强子-强子碰撞的模型PYTHIA以及核-核碰撞的模型RQMD比较了各种电荷起伏测量量的快度依赖性，结果发现，这些测量量对快度的依赖性依赖于模型. 但是，电荷关联能很好地测量整体电荷守恒以及短程快度关联性质. 因此，被认为是一个好的反应电荷起伏的测量量.     

p－A作用的非弹性度及对靶核质量的依赖

采用核碰撞几何和强子作用二分量模型，建立了ｐ－Ｎ和ｐ－Ａ作用的ＭＯｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ产生器．用这个产生器，研究了ｐ－Ａ作用的非弹性度分布和平均非弹性度，以及它们对靶核质量的依赖关系．     

强子-强子核相互作用的参数化模型

对ISR和SppS非弹过程赝快度分布的实验数据进行最佳参数拟合直至其最高能量S=900GeV,假定次级粒子多重数分布近似遵循KNO Scaling,横动量近似遵循指数分布,构造了一个适合于分析乳胶室实验结果的强子-强子核相互作用的参数化模型.     

超高能软强子作用的Chou－Yang模型

用Ｃｈｏｕ－Ｙａｎｇ模型构造了一个用于＝２６ＧｅＶ到２２ＴｅＶ的软强子非单衍相互作用ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ产生器．结合大横动量喷注产生过程的ｐＱＣＤ计算和相应的部分子强子化方案，较好地再现了高能区实验的结果．平滑地外推到超高能区，预言了非弹性度随能量下降的趋势．     

核－核碰撞的独立源模型及中心快度区末态产生粒子横能量分布

将强子－核碰撞的独立源模型推广到核－核碰撞，给出了核－核碰撞末态产生粒子横能量分布方程，将其与ＣＥＲＮ的ＮＡ３５合作组得到的实验数据相比较，模型较好地解释了实验结果．     

中能强子—核物理的现状与问题

中能强子与核的散射研究发现，400MeV以上似乎普遍存在着截面理论的现象，例如，质子－核（PA）散射、π介子－核（πA）散射、k介子－核（kA）散射的微分截面传统理论值比实验结果约代20％，引入相对论动力学可使PA散射理论结果大为改善，然而，在核子层次上的各种修正对介子－核散射的理论结果改善甚小，人们正在从更深入的非核子自由度寻找原因。     

单粒子半单举快度分布的Cluster效应

本文用最小相对信息熵方法(MRIE)给出了高能强子-强子碰撞末态的单粒子半单举快度分布.发现Cluster效应导致了分布曲线峰位置的中心偏离.而且多重数越低,Cluster效应越明显.     

高能核－核作用中不同带电强子快度分布

在反应体质心系中，依据热化模型并考虑碰撞参量的涨落及核阻止性，对工作在ＢＮＬ／ＡＧＳ上Ｅ－８０２合作组给出的中心和周边Ｓｉ与Ａｕ、Ｃｕ和Ａｌ相互作用的强子快度分布进行了分析和讨论．     

强子-强子碰撞的快度关联花样

本文利用强子-强子碰撞的PYTHIA模型, 模拟了质心系能量为s=22, 200GeV的质子-质子碰撞. 研究了快度空间中末态粒子在固定bin和任意bin中, 以及相邻bin中的关联花样. 结果发现, 相邻bin的快度关联在中心快度区最强, 向边缘区逐渐减弱; 固定bin和任意bin的关联在固定bin取不同快度位置时, 具有不同的花样.     

统一流体力学模型与BNL-RHIC低能量区重离子碰撞中的赝快度分布

重离子碰撞产生的高温高密度物质假设按照统一流体力学模型的规律做时空演化,并最终经由一固有时为Tau_FO的类时超曲面冻析为带电粒子。统一流体力学模型是一种将Landau与Hwa-Bjorken两著名流体力学模型结合在一起的模型,是一种少有的可精确求解的理论之一。本文的研究表明:BNL-RHIC低能量区重离子碰撞中带电粒子的赝快度分布可由统一流体力学模型很好地描述。 这与高能区的情况不同,在那里,除了流体外,还需考虑带头粒子的贡献。The hot and dense matter created in heavy ion collisions is supposed to have spatiotemporal evolution according to unified hydro model, and finally freeze out into the charged particles via a space-like hypersurface with a proper time Tau_FO . The unified hydro model is a model which integrates Landau and Hwa-Bjorken two famous hydro models together. It is one of few hydro models which can solved exactly. Shown from the investigations in this paper, the pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles in heavy ion collisions at low BNL-RHIC energy region can be well described by unified hydro model. This is different from that at high nergy region, where, apart from fluid, the contribution from leading particles should be taken into account.     

高能核—核碰撞中产生质子的快度分布

用三火球模型分析了核--核以AGS(the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron)和SPS(the Super Proton Synchrotron)能量碰撞中产生质子的快度分布. Monte Carlo方法计算的结果分别与金--金以6, 8和10.8A GeV的能量并以不同中心性碰撞、铅-铅以158A GeV/c的动量碰撞、以及硫-硫以200A GeV/c的动量碰撞的实验数据符合.     

AGS能量下核系统的强阻止性

本文给出了一个简单的相对论性强子级联模型,并用它模拟了Si(14.6A GeV/c)+Au的反应.研究了共振态对质子π的快度分布以及质子横质量分布的影响.在此模型中,碰撞粒子的纵动量变化(非弹情形)由阻止律给出;而粒子的横动量分布通过指数分布或高斯分布抽样.我们的结果与E810(814)数据和E802的新结果较好地符合.这表明:共振态△的引入能更好地反映碰撞的物理过程;AGS能量下核系统的强阻止性已无可非议.     

快度间隔分析与逐事件快度关联

本文推导了逐事件快度间隔的起伏与逐事件快度关联的关系. 分析表明：快度间隔分析中新的和有意义的部分是推广的两粒子快度关联矩. 对于一些特殊的两粒子和矩阶数这些矩有明确的物理意义.     

The Kinetic Theory of Simple Reacting Spheres: I. Global Existence Result in a Dilute-Gas Case

Existence of global-in-time, spatially inhomogeneous, and L ¹-renormalized solutions is proven for the model of simple reacting spheres under the assumptions that initially the system has a finite total mass, energy, and entropy.     

The simulations of Ca-Ca collisions: Binary break-up, onset of multifragmentation and vaporization

The incomplete fusion, onset of multifragmentation and vaporization is studied in Ca-Ca collisions at bombarding energies between 20–1000 A MeV and at impact parameters between b=0 to b _max using quantum molecular dynamics model. We find incomplete fusion events at E/A=20 MeV. The light mass fragment production at a given incident energy does not show any rise and fall with a change in the impact parameter. Whereas, the IMF production at higher energies (≥ 150 A MeV) has a clear rise and fall.     

200GeV AuAu碰撞中前快度区的微分椭圆流

Identified particle elliptic flow results are presented for the Au+Au reaction at s_NN=200GeV as a function of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity. Data at pseudorapidities η≈0,1, and 3.4 were obtained using the two BRAHMS spectrometers. Differential v₂ (η,p_t) values for a given particle type are found to be essentially constant over the covered pseudorapidity range, in contrast to the integral v₂ values which have previously been observed to decrease at forward rapidities. A softening of the particle spectra at forward angles is found to account for at least part of the integral v₂ falloff. The data are found to be consistent with existing constituent quark scaling systematics.     

Hadronic rapidity spectra in heavy ion collisions at SPS and AGS energies in a quark combination model

The quark combination mechanism of hadron production is applied to nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and the BNL Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS). The rapidity spectra of identified hadrons and their spectrum widths are studied. The data of π^-, K^±, φ, Λ, Λ, Ξ^- and Ξ⁺ at 80 and 40 A GeV, and in particular at 30 and 20 A GeV where the onset of deconfinement is suggested to happen, are consistently described by the quark combination model. However, at AGS 11.6 A GeV below the onset, the π^±, K^± and Λ spectra cannot be simultaneously explained, indicating the disappearance of the intrinsic correlation of their production in the constituent quark level. The collision-energy dependence of the rapidity spectrum widths of the constituent quarks, and the strangeness of the hot and dense quark matter produced in heavy ion collisions, are obtained and discussed.