一维负磁导率材料中的缺陷效应

理论和实验已经表明，金属开口谐振环（split ring resonators,简称SRR）可以实现材料的有效磁导率μeff在某一频率范围内为负.采用波导法实验研究了不同几何尺寸的六边形SRR在X波段微波作用下的近邻相互作用.实验发现，相同尺寸的六边形SRR周期性排列而成的一维负磁导率材料存在一个谐振频率；当缺陷谐振环引入一维负磁导率材料时，主谐振频率和缺陷环谐振频率同时发生移动；主谐振频率和缺陷环谐振频率的移动量随缺陷与双环谐振频率之差的增加而减小，当缺陷环谐振频率与双环谐振频率接近时，环间的相互作用增强，频率的移动量增大. 关键词： 负磁导率 缺陷效应 开口谐振环     

二维负磁导率材料中的缺陷效应

研究了以金属铜六边形开口谐振环为基元的二维负磁导率材料的缺陷效应.利用电路板刻蚀 技术制备了二维负磁导率材料样品.采用波导法测量了点缺陷和线缺陷对二维负磁导率材料X 波段(8—12GHz)微波透射行为的影响.实验发现，无缺陷的二维负磁导率材料样品存在一个 谐振频率，在稍大于该谐振频率的极窄区域内表现为负磁导率.点缺陷和线缺陷SRR的引入导 致材料主谐振峰的强度下降、谐振频率发生移动，品质因数Q显著下降.缺陷的存在破坏 了材料的周期性结构，从而引起其谐振峰的谐振强度和谐振频率发生变化.缺陷效应的研究 不 关键词： 负磁导率 缺陷效应 开口谐振环     

基于铁氧体基板的开口谐振环的可调微波左手特性研究

利用铁氧体的外场调制特性,提出采用铁氧体作为金属环线结构的介质基板,实现频率可调左手材料. 首先采用时域差分有限元方法数值模拟了基板材料参数变化的条件下,开口谐振环的频率可调性规律. 随基板材料的介电常数或磁导率升高,与开口谐振环负磁导率对应的透射谷频率将显著降低. 实验制备了一系列超高频软磁六角铁氧体,利用外加磁场有效调制了其磁导率. 并通过实验表明,通过调控外加磁场可以有效地调控开口谐振环负磁导率对应的透射谷频率. 关键词： 左手材料 开口谐振环 铁氧体 可调     

谐振频率可调的环状开口谐振器结构及其效应

理论和实验研究表明，开口谐振环(SRRs)中可以激励磁谐振从而实现负磁导率.通过在SRRs结构中引入与其开口边平行的金属短杆设计并制备了新的磁谐振单元，采用波导法系统研究了短杆对SRRs和左手材料的微波透射特性以及左手效应的影响.实验和数值模拟表明：金属短杆和SRRs开口边形成附加电容，导致SRRs开口电容增大从而引起谐振频率降低.随短杆长度l和短杆与SRRs间距d的增大，SRRs谐振频率也随之减小和增加.短杆的加入不影响SRRs的负磁导率特性，改变短杆与SRRs间距d< 关键词： 开口谐振环 金属短杆 调控 左手材料     

基于三角谐振环的新型六边形谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料性质研究

通过实验及仿真研究了三角谐振环组合新型六边形谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料.仿真研究了以金属铜三角开口谐振环（SRRs）为基本单元的周期结构负磁导率材料,与闭口环（CSRRs）结果对比发现三角开口谐振环能产生很好的谐振效果即能产生负磁导率,并且多层单元仿真发现多个谐振环耦合能提高谐振频率并加宽谐振频段;设计、制作并实验和仿真研究了三角开口环为基本单元的六边形谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料,仿真结果在98GHz附近出现良好负折射效应,实验验证在93—108 GHz出现良好负折射效应,与仿真结果具有良好的一致性.该研究对新型周期结构左手材料的研究、设计和研制具有重要的科学意义和应用前景. 关键词： 左手材料 三角环组成的六边形谐振环 负折射     

基于矩形谐振环的新型复合周期结构左手材料研究

通过实验及仿真研究了基于矩形谐振环的新型三角形和三矩形开口谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料.仿真研究了以金属铜三角谐振环和三矩形谐振环（SRRs）为基本单元的周期结构负磁导率材料,结果显示两种谐振环均能产生很好的谐振效果,即能产生负磁导率;设计、制作并实验和仿真研究了三角谐振环和三矩形谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料,实验结果分别在9.5—13.3GHz和9.8—12.5GHz出现良好的负折射效应,与仿真结果具有较好的一致性.该研究对新型周期结构左手材料的研究、设计和研制具有重要的科学意义和应用前景. 关键词： 左手材料 负折射 三角形谐振环 三矩形谐振环     

新型八边形谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料奇异性质研究

通过实验及仿真研究了基于C环的新型八边形开口谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料.以金属铜八边形谐振环(SRRs)为基本单元的周期结构负磁导率材料,与闭口环(CSRRs)结果对比发现八边形谐振环能产生很好的谐振效果即能产生负磁导率;复合结构仿真结果显示,八边形谐振环金属线复合结构实现负折射具有可行性.设计、制作并实验和仿真研究了两种尺寸的八边形谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料,实验结果显示,分别在9.8—15GHz和9.5—15GHz出现良好负折射效应,表明小尺寸材料负折射频段较宽但整体能量透过率较小.通过与尺寸相近的传统C环样品实验对比发现八边形样品损耗较大,但其负折射区域能量分布比例较大,具有一定的优越性.该研究对新型周期结构左手材料的研究、设计和研制具有重要的科学意义,在国防、通信等领域也具有广阔的应用前景.     

新型八边形谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料奇异性质研究

通过实验及仿真研究了基于C环的新型八边形开口谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料.以金属铜八边形谐振环(SRRs)为基本单元的周期结构负磁导率材料,与闭口环(CSRRs)结果对比发现八边形谐振环能产生很好的谐振效果即能产生负磁导率;复合结构仿真结果显示,八边形谐振环金属线复合结构实现负折射具有可行性.设计、制作并实验和仿真研究了两种尺寸的八边形谐振环金属线复合周期结构左手材料,实验结果显示,分别在9.8—15 GHz和9.5—15 GHz出现良好负折射效应,表明小尺寸材料负折射频段较宽但整体能量透过率较小.通过与尺寸相近的传统C环样品实验对比发现八边形样品损耗较大,但其负折射区域能量分布比例较大,具有一定的优越性.该研究对新型周期结构左手材料的研究、设计和研制具有重要的科学意义,在国防、通信等领域也具有广阔的应用前景.     

从电磁感应定律看负磁导率的产生过程

以左手材料中产生负磁导率的开口谐振环结构模型为例,从磁导率的定义出发,借助于电磁感应定律,推导了负磁导率的产生过程.     

同时实现介电常数和磁导率为负的H型结构单元左手材料

基于用一种结构同时实现材料介电常数和磁导率为负的思想，提出了H型结构单元左手材料模型.采用矩形波导法测试表明，H型结构单元在微波频率范围出现左手透射峰，并且可以由参数t对左手特性区域进行调控.同时利用相位法、棱镜折射法和散射参量法从实验和理论证明了在左手透射峰区域材料的折射率为负值，介电常数和磁导率亦同时为负.相对由金属开口谐振环与金属线两种结构组合实现的左手材料，H型结构集磁谐振与电谐振于一体，结构简单、制备方便，对微波器件左手材料表现出更多的优越性.     

Identifying magnetic response of split-ring resonators at microwave frequencies

In this study we provide experimental methods to identify the magnetic resonance of split ring resonantors (SRR) at the microwave frequency regime. Transmission measurements were performed on both single SRR unit cell and periodic arrays of SRRs. The magnetic response of the SRR structure was demonstrated by comparing the transmission spectra of SRRs with closed ring resonators (CRR). Effects of the changes in the effective dielectric constant of the SRR medium on the band-gaps of SRR are investigated experimentally. SRRs not only exhibit a magnetic resonance band gap but also a band gap due to the electric resonance. Finally, we present the effect of electric coupling to the magnetic resonance of bianisotropic SRRs by utilizing SRRs with different orientations, and incident electromagnetic wave polarizations.     

Transmission properties of terahertz pulses through subwavelength double split-ring resonators

We present a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy study of the transmission properties of planar composite media made from subwavelength double split-ring resonators (SRRs). The measured amplitude transmission spectra reveal a resonance near 0.5 THz, the central frequency of most ultrafast terahertz systems, for one SRR orientation in normal-incidence geometry. This resonance is attributed to the effect of electric excitation of magnetic resonance of the SRR arrays. In addition, the influences of background substrate, lattice constant, and the shapes of the SRRs on the terahertz resonance are experimentally investigated and agree well with the results of recent numerical studies.     

Experimental observation of true left-handed transmission peaks in metamaterials

We report true left-handed (LH) behavior in a composite metamaterial consisting of a periodically arranged split ring resonator (SRR) and wire structures. We demonstrate the magnetic resonance of the SRR structure by comparing the transmission spectra of SRRs with those of closed SRRs. We have confirmed experimentally that the effective plasma frequency of the LH material composed of SRRs and wires is lower than the plasma frequency of the wires. A well-defined LH transmission band with a peak value of -1.2 dB (-0.3 dB/cm) was obtained. The experimental results agree extremely well with the theoretical calculations.     

Amplitude- and phase-resolved optical near fields of split-ring-resonator-based metamaterials

We investigate the local optical response of split-ring resonator-(SRR)-based metamaterials with an apertureless scanning near-field optical microscope. By mapping the near fields of suitably resonant micrometer-sized SRRs in the near-infrared spectral region with an uncoated silicon tip, we obtain a spatial resolution of better than lambda/50. The experimental results confirm numerical predictions of the near-field excitations of SRRs. Combining experimental near-field optical studies with near- and far-field optical simulations provides a detailed understanding of resonance mechanisms in subwavelength structures and will facilitate an efficient approach to improved designs.     

Parametric oscillator based on a single-layer resonant metamaterial

We perform numerical simulations demonstrating parametric generation and oscillation processes in a single-layer of metamaterial composed of split ring resonators (SRRs). In general, a parametric resonance is achieved by introducing a time-modulation of one of the energy-storing parameters of a resonant system. An individual SRR is a resonant system that can be modeled as an RLC-circuit inductively coupled to an applied time-varying magnetic field. The relatively simple circuit model can be employed to establish the range of parameters providing the growth of parametric oscillations within the SRR medium. We relate the numerically predicted circuit parameters that ensure the buildup of parametric oscillations to those parameters expected to be available in a modified SRR medium, in which lumped element varactors integrated into the SRRs are used as modulable capacitance elements.     

High transmittance left-handed materials involving symmetric split-ring resonators

We present theoretical and experimental results for a new design of highly symmetric, multigap split-ring resonators (SRRs), as well as for left-handed materials of a broad and high transmittance left-handed band, achieved by combining those symmetric SRRs with continuous wires. Studying in detail, both theoretically and experimentally, our proposed symmetric SRRs, we proved that they avoid the electric field excitation of the magnetic SRR resonance; thus they are appropriate for the creation of two-dimensional and three-dimensional left-handed materials. Finally, we propose critical design rules for the development of low-loss and broad-band left-handed materials.     

Near field imaging in microwave regime using double layer split-ring resonator based metamaterial

A planar metamaterial structure consisting of two layers of split-ring resonator (SRR) arrays is demonstrated to form the image of a point source with subwavelength resolution. The source frequency is swept through the resonance gap of the metamaterial layers and the lateral field intensity distribution is recorded on the transmission side of the metamaterial. When the source is tuned to the resonance frequency of SRRs, the metamaterial acts as a high permeability medium and a distinct image with subwavelength resolution in the lateral direction is obtained. Increasing the distance between the individual SRR layers reduces the interlayer coupling, and the intensity and spatial resolution of the image decrease rapidly.     

太赫兹频段开口环谐振器的可调谐振模式转换

在硅衬底上设计了一种单开口环谐振器，对其太赫兹频段内的透射性质进行了研究。假定通过光注入方式改变衬底硅的电导率，实现了谐振环的双谐振透射率可调。将砷化镓材料生长于该谐振环的开口处，通过光注入方式改变砷化镓材料的电导率，可以实现谐振环的双频LC共振和偶极子共振模式与单频闭合环共振模式之间的转换。这种通过光注入改变半导体材料电导率的方法，可以在不破坏原来谐振器件物理结构的前提下，实现谐振环谐振模式的可逆转换。