亲水性两性离子聚合物刷的构象与结构

本文应用分子场理论,研究暴露于水蒸气中的亲水性两性离子聚合物(HP)刷的构象与结构.理论模型考虑HP-水(P-W)氢键和水-水(W-W)氢键效应,以及HP单体之间的偶极-偶极相互作用.研究发现,P-W与W-W氢键决定着HP的水合性,P-W氢键形成,会诱导HP刷溶胀.我们通过考察HP单体间的偶极-偶极相互作用发现,随着偶极-偶极相互作用增强,HP链在垂直培基表面沿着链方向,形成了结节状结构.这是由于HP单体之间的偶极-偶极静电吸引作用导致单体间汇聚结节,这种结节在刷内产生了较强的排斥体积作用,因此,这种HP刷具有抗污性能.在较高的接枝密度环境下,由于HP链间单体之间的偶极-偶极静电吸引作用,会形成链间单体-单体的结节,在刷内形成结节网络状凝胶结构,这种结构的出现,会使得HP刷呈现极强的抗污性.另外,当体系中水蒸气浓度增加、水合相互作用增强时,增加的P-W氢键将平衡HP单体之间的偶极-偶极相互作用,使得结节解开,聚合物链伸展.我们的理论结果符合实验观测,由此表明,P-W氢键效应,以及HP单体之间的偶极-偶极相互作用决定着HP刷的构象转变和结构特性,刷内出现的两性离子聚合物链内单体间的结节和链间单体结节状凝胶结构,是两性离子聚合物刷呈现较强抗污性的本质特性.     

[Cu~ⅡEDTA]~(2-)与[Fe~Ⅱ(CN)_6]~(4-)反应产物的分子光谱研究

按1:1(摩尔比)混合[Cu EDTA]~(2-)和[Fe(CN)_6]~(4-)溶液(pH=8)时,得到一种深红棕色溶液。测定并讨论了此红棕色溶液的电予光谱和红外光谱,据此确定此溶液中生成了不太稳定的氰桥配合物——[EDTA Cu~Ⅱ—NC—Fe~Ⅱ(CN)_5]~(6-)。     

Cu／Fe（CN）6^3—／4—界面的动态FT—IR光谱

采用现场FT-IR光谱电化学研究了Cu/Fe(CN)_6~(3-/4-)界面的化学反应、电化学反应及其随电位、时间的变化关系,并从C≡N基振动频率的改变详细分析和讨论了Cu与Fe(CN)_6~(3-/4-)的作用及成膜过程。     

水合作用与pH调控聚电解质刷的构象转变

我们基于Flory-Huggins理论,建立理论模型研究水合作用与pH调控聚电解质刷的构象转变.理论模型考虑聚电解质链与水分子间的作用(聚电解质链的水合作用)、体系中的静电作用.研究发现,随着水合作用的改变,聚电解质刷出现由溶胀到塌缩的构象转变.由此表明了水合作用可在很大程度调节聚电解质刷的相变.通过分析pH的调控效应我们还发现,在碱性环境中(pH=8),聚电解质链单体的解离度增大,静电排斥会使得聚电解质刷溶胀.由此表明,聚电解质刷内水合作用与静电效应的耦合,将会共同决定聚电解质刷的构象转变特性.理论结果深刻揭示了水合作用的改变,会使得聚电解质刷体系发生相变,pH可在很大程度上改变其相变特性.     

双金属化合物[Ni(en)_2]_3[Fe(CN)_6]_2·2H_2O的变温穆斯堡尔谱研究

合成了一维绳梯链状双金属化合物[Ni(en)2]3[Fe(CN)6]2·2H2O,并对其变温穆斯堡尔谱进行了研究,结果表明该分子磁体中铁的电子态为低自旋Fe3 ,而大的四极分裂值(QS)表明此化合物的[Fe(CN)6]3-单元对称结构发生了形变,低温时出现的磁弛豫谱,给出了在该温度点附近出现铁磁耦合相互作用的信息。     

双齿配位过渡金属化合物化学——Ⅱ.化合物(Et_4N)_2[Ni_2(SC_6H_4O)_2(μ-SC_6H_4OH)_2]和(Ph_4P)_2[Ni_3(SCH(CH_3)CH_2S)_4]·2CH_3CN的核磁共振研究(英文)

测定并分析了化合物(Et4_N)_2[Ni_2(SC_6H_4O)_2(μ-SC_6H_4OH)_2]和(Ph_4P)_2[Ni_3(SCH(CH_3)CH_2S)_4]·2CH_3CN的_1H NMR数据,计算了模拟谱,确认它们在DMSO溶液中仍保持原有固体状态的分子结构,它们的抗磁性质得到~(13)C NMR的证实。     

水蒸气诱导两性离子聚合物刷的构象转变

我们把Flory Huggins模型(association models)推广应用到暴露于水蒸气中的两性离子聚合物刷体系,考虑两性离子聚合物-水氢键(P-W氢键)与两性离子聚合物链间两亲离子单体-单体键合(zwitterions complex)、形成氢键与两性离子聚合物链构象的耦合特性,研究水蒸气诱导的两性离子聚合物刷构象转变的机理和相行为.研究发现,随着水蒸气浓度的增加,P-W氢键效应会使得两性离子聚合物刷溶胀;两亲离子单体-单体键合效应会导致水分子将会被排出刷外,并会导致两性离子聚合物刷塌缩.通过分析两性离子聚合物刷的相图发现,P-W氢键效应在决定两性离子聚合物刷的相行为中起到主导作用,在水蒸气增加过程中两性离子聚合物刷将会单调溶胀.基于本文的分析,可以预言,由于P-W氢键效应,两性离子聚合物刷可以吸附水蒸气,当两性离子聚合物链接枝密度足够高时,两性离子聚合物刷内的水分子将会被排出,并会形成两亲离子单体-单体键合连接的凝胶状结构.     

水合作用与 pH 调控两性离子聚合物刷的相变行为

本文基于Flory-Huggins理论,建立理论模型研究水合作用与pH调控两性离子聚合物(ZP)刷的相变行为.理论模型考虑ZP的水合作用,以及ZP刷体系中的静电作用.研究发现,在不同pH条件下,ZP刷的体积分数随着水合作的减弱而的增加.随着pH的变化,ZP刷构象随着水合性转变行为明显改变,这是由于pH调控ZP链单体带有过多的净电荷(正电荷或负电荷),致使ZP链内出现静电排斥导致ZP刷溶胀.另外,当ZP链单体呈现过多的净电荷,会在很大程度上决定ZP刷体系静电势,影响ZP刷的相变行为.通过考察体系自由能,我们还发现,ZP刷体系自由能呈现了极大值,随着pH值的变化,自由能呈现的极大值随之改变,由此表明了体系的不稳定性,进而导致ZP刷体系发生相变.     

多巴胺DA分子的构象异构及其一水复合物的结构与性质

采用密度泛函B3LYP/6-31+G~#方法对多巴胺DA的构象异构及其稳定性进行了研究.结果表明,势能面上存在6种稳定构象和8种构象转换过渡态,构象之间主要通过C1—O7[二面角T_1:H15O7C1C6],C2—O8[二面角T_2:H16O8C2C3]和C9一C10[二面角T_3;N11C10C9C5]单键旋转而相互转化.频率及NBO分析表明,分子内存在红移O…H-O及蓝移N…H—C两类氢键,氢键中电子转移类型均为LP_1(X)→σ~#(H—Y)[X=O,N;Y=O,C],二级稳定化能E~((2))对稳定构象有3.6 kJ·mol~(-1)～9.3 kJ·mol~(-1)的稳定化贡献.分子中的原子理论(AIM)分析表明,构象中O…H一O及N…H—C键的电子密度ρ(r)和Laplacian量▽~2ρ(r)分别在0.0094～0.0171和0.0307～0.0798之间.采用极化连续模型(polarized continuum model,PCM)对体系进行了溶剂化效应计算,结果表明,DA的构象转换主要在水相中进行.应用静电势模型(electrostatic potential map,EPM)对构象的活性位点进行了预测,并以此研究了多巴胺一水复合物的结构与性质.     

氰桥配合物[Co^Ⅱ（L）3]2[Fe^Ⅱ（CN）6]的光谱研究

亚铁氰化钾水溶液和[CoL_3]~(2+)(L=en和pn,分别表示乙二胺和1,2-丙二胺)溶液反应得到了比较稳定的棕红色晶体。经元素分析、紫外可见光谱及红外光谱测试,证明它们是氰桥配合物[Co(L)_3-NC-Fe(CN)_4-CN-Co(L)_3]。     

Photophysical studies of xanthene dye in alkanols and in presence of inorganic ions

Eosin Y belongs to a xanthene group. It is an anionic fluorescent dye. The absorbance and fluorescence of Eosin Y have been investigated in a series of alkanols (methanol to propanol). When the solvents are added to the aqueous solution of Eosin Y (EY) the absorbance and fluorescence intensity are enhanced. The alkanols are found to affect the absorption and fluorescence spectra of the dye. On the basis of solvent adsorption model the binding constants of the dye with alkanols have been estimated. The interaction of solvent molecule with dye in aqueous solution is specific in nature. The fluorescence quenching of Eosin Y by the inorganic ions [Fe(CN)₆]⁻³, [Fe(CN)₆]⁻⁴ and Cl⁻ was also observed. The ions influenced the quenching process to different extents. The rate constants of quenching were calculated using the Stern-Volmer equation. The equilibrium constant of dye in presence of inorganic ions are determined by Scott equation.     

Quadrupolar interaction in iridium cyanide mixed-ligands complexes in alkali halide matrices by ESR spectroscopy

Quadrupolar interactions in [IR(CN)₅]³⁻, [Ir(CN)₅Cl]⁴⁻ and [Ir(CN)₄Cl₂]⁴⁻ paramagnece a complexes in alkali halide host lattices are systematically analysed by ESR spectroscopy. The measured quadrupolar interactions are shown to have no clear correlation to the measured unpaired electron populations.     

Spin dynamics in (( BEDO-TTF )6[ M (CN)6](H3O,CH3CN)2 ( M = Fe, Cr) crystals

Layered single crystals of the (BEDO-TTF)₆[M(CN)₆](H₃O,CH₃CN)₂ (M = Fe, Cr) compounds with alternating conducting layers of BEDO-TTF and [M(CN)₆](H₃O,CH₃CN)₂ are studied. The contributions to the magnetic susceptibility from charge carriers in BEDO-TTF layers and from the subsystem of localized magnetic moments of iron (or chromium) transition metal complexes are separated for both compounds under investigation. It is revealed that the crystals with [Fe(CN))₆]³⁻ anions at a temperature of ∼80 K and the crystals with [Cr(CN))₆]³⁻ anions at ∼30 K undergo magnetic transitions which are accompanied by drastic changes in the parameters of the EPR lines associated with the BEDO-TTF layers and the subsystem of localized spins of transition metal complexes. It is established that the presence of the BEDO-TTF layers in the structure affects the magnetic properties of iron and chromium hexacyanide complexes. Original Russian Text ? R.B. Morgunov, E.V. Kurganova, T.G. Prokhorova, E.B. Yagubskiĭ, S.V. Simonov, R.P. Shibaeva, 2008, published in Fizika Tverdogo Tela, 2008, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 657–663.     

Study of DNA Light Switch Ru(II) Complexes : Synthesis,Characterization, Photocleavage and Antimicrobial Activity

The three Ru(II) complexes of [Ru(phen)₂dppca]²⁺ (1) [Ru(bpy)₂dppca]²⁺ (2) and [Ru(dmb)₂dppca]²⁺ (3) (where phen = 1,10 phenanthroline, bpy = 2,2-bipyridine, dmb = 2 ,2-dimethyl 2′,2′-bipyridine and polypyridyl ligand containing a single carboxylate functionality dppca ligand (dipyridophenazine-11-carboxylic acid) have been synthesized and characterized. These complexes have been shown to act as promising calf thymus DNA intercalators and a new class of DNA light switches, as evidenced by UV-visible and luminescence titrations with Co²⁺ and EDTA, steady-state emission quenching by [Fe(CN)₆]⁴⁻ and KI, DNA competitive binding with ethidium bromide, viscosity measurements, and DNA melting experiments. The results suggest that 1, 2, and 3 complexes bind to CT-DNA through intercalation and follows the order 1 > 2 > 3. Under irradiation at 365 nm, the three complexes have also been found to promote the photocleavage of plasmid pBR322 DNA.     

Mössbauer studies of photochemical reaction products of Ru(bpy)3 2+ iron cyanide double complexes

The reductive and the oxidative electron-transfer photochemical reaction system of light-irradiated the mix solutions of Ru(bpy)₃ ²⁺ with [Fe(CN)₆]^4–, [Fe(CN)₆]^3–, [Fe(CN)₅NO]^2– and PB (Prussian Blue) have been studied. The double complexes which isolated from the precipitates of the photochemical reaction have been identified by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy. In order to clarify the chemical states of these isolated double complexes, we have (prepared and) studied Mössbauer spectra of the double complexes such as [Ru(bpy)₃]₃[Fe(CN)₆]₂.14H₂O, [Ru(bpy)₃]₂[Fe(CN)₆].10H₂O, [Ru(bpy)₃][Fe(CN)₅NO].4H₂O, and [Ru(bpy)₃][PB]₂.xH₂O.     

Generation of CW cold CH3CN molecular beam by a bent electostatic quadrupole guiding: Monte-Carlo study

A new kind of continuous-wave (CW) cold molecular beam, methyl cyanide (CH₃CN) beam, is generated by a bent electrostatic quadrupole guiding. The Stark shift of rotational energy levels of CH₃CN molecule and its population distribution are calculated, and the dynamic processes of electrostatic guiding and energy filtering of CH₃CN molecules from a gas source with room temperature (300 K) are simulated by Monte Carlo Method. The study showed that the longitudinal and transversal temperatures of output cold CH3CN beam could be about ∼2 K and ∼ 420 mK, and the corresponding guiding efficiency was about 10⁻⁵ as the guiding voltage was 3 kV. Furthermore, the temperature of the guided molecules and its guiding efficiency can be controlled by adjusting the guiding voltages applied on electrodes.      

Magnetic and Mössbauer studies of cyanide-bridged bimetallic assembly [Mn(cyclam)][Fe(CN)6]·3H2O

Cyanide-bridged bimetallic assembly [Mn(cyclam)][Fe(CN)₆]·3H₂O (cyclam=1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) was synthesized from the reaction of trans-[MnCl₂(cyclam)]Cl with K₃Fe(CN)₆. A linear chain structure consisting of alternating [Mn(cyclam)]³⁺ and [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻ units was indicated by the IR and Mössbauer spectra. The variable-temperature magnetization and Mössbauer measurements revealed that this complex exhibited a long-range ordering below 6.8 K. The magnetic behavior of the complex was based on intrachain ferromagnetic and interchain antiferromagnetic interactions.     

Infrared absorption study of Cr(CN) 6 n− complexes doped in KCl crystals

Infrared absorption spectrum of Cr(CN) ₆ ³⁻ doped in KCl crystals show that the site symmetry of the ion is predominantlyC ₈ corresponding to one cation vacancy in the nearest neighbour and the other in the next nearest neighbour position with respect to Cr³⁺ ion. X-irradiation produces complexes of the type Cr(CN) ₆ ⁴⁻ and Cr (CN) ₆ ⁵⁻ .     

Oppositely charged polyelectrolytes grafted onto planar surface: Mean-field lattice theory

Equilibrium structures of planar polyelectrolyte brushes formed by grafted chains carrying charges of opposite sign are examined by employing mean-field lattice theory. Two brushes of different architecture are considered: one formed by grafted diblock copolymers with oppositely charged blocks and the other being a mixed brush composed of oppositely charged homopolymers. The systems display nontrivial intrinsically inhomogeneous brush structures originating from the chain connectivity and the electrostatic interaction among the segments. In addition, a coexistence of stretched and coiled chains inside the brush is observed. The influence of the charges of the blocks, the relative length of the oppositely charged blocks, and the ionic strength of the solution on the brush inhomogeneity and structural differences between the two types of brushes are discussed. Received 14 March 2001 and Received in final form 18 June 2001     

Comment: On charged analogue of shear-free fluids

Recently, Gupta et al. [2] claim that solutions with NDG have no uncharged analogue. This claim seems to be partially correct as it is seen in present article that neutral shear-free fluid (f =α₁ x ^−5/2α₁ being a constant) given by Stephani [3] can be charged.