PdnPbm(n+m≤5)混合团簇的结构与光谱性质

在相对论有效原子实势(RECP)近似下，用密度泛函中的B3LYP/LANL2DZ方法，对纯Pb_n(n=2—5)团簇、Pd_nPb_m(n+m≤5)混合团簇的各种可能几何构型进行全优化计算，得到它们的基态结构和光谱性质；从结构和振动光谱两个方面分析了其形成规律；最后计算了团簇的能级分布和最高占据轨道(HOMO)与最低空轨道(LUMO)之间的能级间隙(HLG)，分析了团簇的化学活性. 关键词： 团簇 有效原子实势 密度泛函     

AunY(n＝1—9)掺杂团簇的结构和电子性质研究

采用相对论有效原子实势(RECP)近似和密度泛函(B3LYP)方法，选择LANL2DZ基组，优化得到了Au_nY(n＝1—9)二元掺杂团簇稳定的基态结构和电子性质.研究结果表明，掺杂Y原子的Au_nY(n＝1—9)团簇随n的变化，其电离势、电子亲合能和费米能级与Au_n(n＝2—9)一样具有“奇-偶”振荡效应；团簇离子的稳定性具有“幻数”现象，Au₂Y⁺和Au₆Y⁺比其他团簇离子更稳定，与质谱实验结果一致；同一团簇中，团簇最稳定的异构体(基态)是趋于Y原子有最大的邻近的Au原子数. 关键词： Au-Y团簇 密度泛函 平衡几何结构 电子性质     

Pdn Pbm(n+m≤5)混合团簇的结构与光谱性质

在相对论有效原子实势(RECP)近似下,用密度泛函中的B3LYP/LANL2DZ方法,对纯Pbn(n=2-5)团簇、PdnPbm(n+m≤5)混合团簇的各种可能几何构型进行全优化计算,得到它们的基态结构和光谱性质;从结构和振动光谱两个方面分析了其形成规律;最后计算了团簇的能级分布和最高占据轨道(HOMO)与最低空轨道(LUMO)之间的能级间隙(HLG),分析了团簇的化学活性.     

PdYn,Pd2Yn(n=1～4)团簇结构与能级分布

在相对论有效原子实势(RECP)近似下,用密度泛函(B3LYP/LANL2DZ)方法,优化计算PdYn,Pd2Yn(n=1～4)团簇的结构、光谱性质和能级分布.结果表明,团簇基态的HOMO能级和LUMO能级均为负值,团簇易得电子,团簇的能隙(HLG)小,化学活性较强.     

B$lt;sub$gt;$lt;i$gt;n$lt;/i$gt;$lt;/sub$gt;Y($lt;i$gt;n$lt;/i$gt;=1–11)团簇的结构和电子性质

利用密度泛函理论TPSSh方法对B采用6-311+G(d), 对Y采用Lanl2dz相对论有效势基组, 研究了B_nY (n=1–11)团簇的平均结合能、二阶能量差分、最高分子占据轨道和最低空轨道之间的能级间隙、极化率和第一静态超极化率等物理化学性质. 结果表明, 随着尺寸的增大, B_nY (n=1–11)团簇的最低能量结构从平面逐步演变为立体结构. 随硼原子数n的增加, 团簇的平均结合能表明了较好的热力学稳定性, 有利于Y掺杂B团簇形成较大的块体材料.二阶能量差分表明基态B₃Y, B₅Y和B₇Y团簇较相邻团簇稳定. 能隙表明了基态B₃Y, B₅Y, B₇Y和B₉Y的化学稳定性较高. 综合说明B_nY (n=1–11)硼团簇中, 基态B₃Y, B₅Y和B₇Y具有较好的稳定性. 极化率表明基态B_nY团簇的电子结构随B原子的增加趋于紧凑, 第一静态超极化率表明基态B₅Y, B₄Y, B₃Y和B₆Y平面结构的团簇具有明显的非线性光学性质, 为寻找性能优异的非线性光学材料提供了一定的参考. 关键词： 密度泛函TPSSh方法 nY (n=1–')" href="#">B_nY (n=1– 11)团簇 几何结构 电子性质     

(OsnN)0,±(n=1-6)团簇电子结构与光谱性质的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在赝势基组LANL2DZ水平上对Os_nN^0,±(n=1-6)团簇的各种可能构型进行了几何结构优化,得出了它们的基态构型,并对基态结构的磁学性质、自然键轨道(NBO)、光谱和芳香性进行了理论研究. 研究结果表明:OsN^-和Os₅N^-团簇发生了"磁矩猝灭"的现象,在Os₂N和Os₄N< 关键词： nN^0,±(n=1-6)团簇')" href="#">Os_nN^0,±(n=1-6)团簇 电子结构 光谱性质 密度泛函理论     

In_nAs_n(n=1～20)小团簇几何结构与电子性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,采用B3LYP下的赝势基组LanL2DZ,研究了In_nAs_n（n=1～20）团簇的基态几何结构、相对稳定性、电子性质及其振动光谱.结果表明,当n=5～11时团簇的基态构型为层状结构;当n=12～20时团簇的基态构型为笼状结构.团簇平均结合能、二阶能量差分和HOMO-LUMO能隙均在n=9,12,18出现极大值,说明In₉ As₉、In₁₂ As₁₂和In₁₈ As₉18)为幻数团簇.另外,HOMO-LUMO能隙的计算结果表明In_nAs_n（n=1～20）团簇具有宽带隙半导体特征.     

AunXm(n+m=4,X=Cu，Al，Y)混合小团簇的结构和稳定性研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法，优化了Au_nX_m(n+m=4,X=Cu，A l，Y)二元混合团簇的稳定结构.计算了稳定结构的平均结合能、电离势、电子亲和势、最高占据轨道能级和最低空轨道能级及二者间的能隙.结合Mulliken集居数分析研究了二元混合团簇稳定存在的规律，得出掺杂可以增强团簇稳定性的结论. 关键词： 混合团簇 结合能 能隙 分子轨道集居数     

基于密度泛函理论的Pd_nZr(n=2～8)团簇的结构和性质研究

利用密度泛函理论中的B3LYP/LanL2DZ方法对Pd_nZr（n=2～8）团簇的几何结构、稳定性、电子性质进行了研究.在优化出的结构的基础上,讨论了Pd_nZr（n=2～8）团簇的生长模式,计算了团簇基态的平均结合能,离解能,二阶能量差分以及最高占据轨道与最低空轨道之间的能隙.研究表明,较大尺度的Pd_nZr（n=2～8）团簇的基态是通过在Pd_n-1Zr的基础上增加一个Pd原子并与其中的Zr原子相连而形成的;在纯钯团簇中掺杂锆原子后可以提高团簇的稳定性,多数情况下可以降低团簇的化学反应活性;Pd_nZr（n=2～8）基态团簇中的电荷转移总是从Zr原子到其他Pd原子.     

PdYn,Pd2Yn(n=1～4)团簇结构与能级分布

在相对论有效原子实势(RECP)近似下,用密度泛函(B3LYP/LANL2DZ)方法,优化计算PdYn,Pd2Yn(n=1～4)团簇的结构、光谱性质和能级分布.结果表明,团簇基态的HOMO 能级和LUMO能级均为负值,团簇易得电子,团簇的能隙(HLG)小,化学活性较强.     

Potentials and phase shifts for nucleon–light nuclei systems

The technique proposed to enhance the resolution of the point spread function (PSF) of an optical system underneath defocussing and spherical aberrations. The method of approach is based on the amplitude and phase masking in a ring aperture for modifying the light intensity distribution in the Gaussian focal plane (\(Y_{D} = 0\)) and in the defocussed planes (\(Y_{D}= \pi \) and \(Y_{D}= 2\pi \)). The width of the annulus modifies the distribution of the light intensity in the side lobes of the resultant PSF. In the presence of an asymmetry in the phase of the annulus, the Hanning amplitude apodizer [cos(\(\pi \beta \rho \))] employed in the pupil function can modify the spatial distribution of light in the maximum defocussed plane (\({Y}_{D} = 2\pi \)), results in PSF with improved resolution.     

Eu原子4f~76p_(3/2)ns自电离态的光谱的研究(英文)

采用孤立实激发技术,对铕原子4f~76p_(3/2)ns(n=7,8)自电离态的光谱进行了系统的研究,同时是首次在不同激光偏振组合下进行的研究。首先,用前两束激光分步将铕原子从基态4f~76s~2经中间4f~76s6p态激发至4f~76sns里德堡态,然后再用第三束激光通过离子实4f~76s~+→4f~76p~+_(3/2)的跃迁将其进一步激发至4f~76p_(3/2)7s自电离态或4f~76p_(3/2)8s自电离态。对铕原子4f~76p_(3/2)ns(n=7,8)自电离态复杂的光谱分别给出了详细的解释,从中我们可以获得一些重要的光谱信息,比如自电峰的能级位置和线宽等,同时还可以观察到收敛于不同离子限的自电离系列之间的组态相互作用。最后,通过比较不同激光偏振组合下的自电离光谱,确定了一些自电离态的总角动量的值。     

Y0.795-xGdxYb0.2Tm0.005F3纳米晶合成及 Tm3+和Gd3+的上转换发光

利用水热法合成了氟化物Y_0.795-xGd_xYb_0.2Tm_0.005F₃ (x=0.0,0.1,0.2,0.5,0.8)纳米晶。研究了退火后系列样品的上转换发光性质以及激发态辐射跃迁寿命。在980 nm激发下,Y_0.795-xGd_xYb_0.2Tm_0.005F₃纳米微晶样品中观察到了Tm³⁺的蓝光上转换发射及紫色、紫外发射增强现象,同时还观察到Gd³⁺的⁶D_9/2、⁶I_J、⁶P_5/2及⁶P_7/2到基态⁸S_7/2的发射。实验结果表明:样品半个波长量级的颗粒尺寸是Tm³⁺紫外上转换增强以及Tm³⁺到Gd³⁺发生有效能量传递的重要因素。     

Aun(n=2,3,4)团簇与乙醇分子相互作用的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论研究了Au_n(n=2,3,4)团簇与乙醇分子的吸附机理.研究结果表明:Au_n(n=2,3,4)团簇分别能够吸附1到n个乙醇分子,生成Au_n-(C₂H₆O)_1-n配合物;Au₄团簇吸附乙醇分子有多种构型,通过分析吸附能和Mulliken电荷分布,确定了4个乙醇分子的吸附顺序及相应的稳定构型;Au_n(n=3,4)团簇在吸附最后一个乙醇分子时改变了前面Au—O成键的作用模式,而是选择Au—H成键;作为吸附主体的金团簇和被吸附的乙醇分子在吸附前后构型变化都很少,它们之间的吸附作用为弱相互作用. 关键词： 金团簇 乙醇分子 密度泛函理论     

Approaching the ground state of the kagomé antiferromagnet

Y0.5Ca0.5BaCo4O7 contains kagomé layers of Co ions, whose spins are strongly coupled, with a Curie-Weiss temperature of -2200 K. At low temperature, T=1.2 K, our diffuse neutron scattering study with polarization analysis reveals characteristic spin correlations close to a predicted two-dimensional coplanar ground state with staggered chirality. The absence of three-dimensional long-range antiferromagnetic order indicates negligible coupling between the kagomé layers. The scattering intensities are consistent with high spin S=3/2 states of Co2+ in the kagomé layers and low spin S=0 states for Co3+ ions on interlayer sites. Our observations agree with previous Monte Carlo simulations indicating a ground state of effectively short range, staggered chiral spin order.     

Sr原子自电离态的电场效应

用多步激发的方法,将Sr原子从基态5s~2经价态4α~(-2)激发至(4d_(3/2)np,n_f)J=1和(4d_(5/2)np,nf)J=1自电离系列,观察其在外电场0～5kV/cm内的光谱.对所观察到的n=12,13,14附近的斯塔克谱图进行了分析与讨论.     

Ab initio study of neutral (TiO2)n clusters and their interactions with water and transition metal atoms

We have systematically investigated the growth behavior and stability of small stoichiometric (TiO(2))(n) (n = 1-10) clusters as well as their structural, electronic and magnetic properties by using the first-principles plane wave pseudopotential method within density functional theory. In order to find out the ground state geometries, a large number of initial cluster structures for each n has been searched via total energy calculations. Generally, the ground state structures for the case of n = 1-9 clusters have at least one monovalent O atom, which only binds to a single Ti atom. However, the most stable structure of the n = 10 cluster does not have any monovalent O atom. On the other hand, Ti atoms are at least fourfold coordinated for the ground state structures for n ≥ 4 clusters. Our calculations have revealed that clusters prefer to form three-dimensional structures. Furthermore, all these stoichiometric clusters have nonmagnetic ground state. The formation energy and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gap for the most stable structure of (TiO(2))(n) clusters for each n have also been calculated. The formation energy and hence the stability increases as the cluster size grows. In addition, the interactions between the ground state structure of the (TiO(2))(n) cluster and a single water molecule have been studied. The binding energy (E(b)) of the H(2)O molecule exhibits an oscillatory behavior with the size of the clusters. A single water molecule preferably binds to the cluster Ti atom through its oxygen atom, resulting an average binding energy of 1.1 eV. We have also reported the interaction of the selected clusters (n = 3, 4, 10) with multiple water molecules. We have found that additional water molecules lead to a decrease in the binding energy of these molecules to the (TiO(2))(n) clusters. Finally, the adsorption of transition metal (TM) atoms (V, Co and Pt) on the n = 10 cluster has been investigated for possible functionalization. All these elements interact strongly with this cluster, and a permanent magnetic moment is induced upon adsorption of Co and V atoms. We have observed gap localized TM states leading to significant HOMO-LUMO gap narrowing, which is essential to achieve visible light response for the efficient use of TiO(2) based materials. In this way, electronic and optical as well as magnetic properties of TiO(2) materials can be modulated by using the appropriate adsorbate atoms.     

氧化物纳米材料Y2O3:(Yb3+,Er3+)上转换发光性质的研究

以Y2O3,Yb2O3,Er2O3为原料,利用燃烧法分别制备了Y2O3:Er3 和Y2O3:(Yb3 ,Er3 )两种纳米材料和相应的体材料Y2O3:(Yb3 ,Er3 ).用发射波长为978 nm的半导体激光器和日立F-4500荧光分析仪测量了它们的上转换发光,得到纳米材料Y2O3:Er3 的上转换发光主要为绿色上转换发射而纳米材料Y2O3:(Yb3 ,Er3 )主要为红色上转换发射,而后者与激活离子掺杂浓度相同的体材料Y2O3:(Yb3 ,Er3 )的上转换发射相比较,体材料以绿色上转换发射为主、红色上转换发射很弱.     

CGC/saturation approach: re-visiting the problem of odd harmonics in angular correlations

In this paper we demonstrate that the selection of events with different multiplicities of produced particles, leads to the violation of the azimuthal angular symmetry, \(\phi \rightarrow \pi - \phi \). We find for LHC and lower energies, that this violation can be so large for the events with multiplicities \(n \ge 2 \bar{n}\), where \(\bar{n}\) is the mean multiplicity, that it leads to almost no suppression of \(v_n\), with odd n. However, this can only occur if the typical size of the dipole in DIS with a nuclear target is small, or \(Q^2 \,>\,Q^2_s\left( A; Y_{\mathrm{min}},b\right) \), where \(Q_s\) is the saturation momentum of the nucleus at \(Y = Y_{\mathrm{min}}\). In the case of large sizes of dipoles, when \(Q^2 \,<\,Q^2_s\left( A; Y_{\mathrm{min}},b\right) \), we show that \(v_n =0\) for odd n. Hadron-nucleus scattering is discussed.     

Preparation and characterization of Li2.9Sc1.9−y Y y Zr0.1(PO4)3 (where y = 0, 0.1) solid electrolyte ceramics

The solid electrolyte Li_2.9Sc_{1.9? y} Y _y Zr_0.1(PO₄)₃ (where y = 0, 0.1) compounds belong to monoclinic symmetry (space group P2₁/n) at room temperature. The Zr 3d, Sc 2p, P 2p, Y 3d, O 1s, and Li 1s core level X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) were fitted. The Li ions in ceramics without Y occupy two different positions and in the ceramics with Y they occupy one position in the lattice. The deconvolutions of the Zr 3d, P 2p, Sc 2p, and Y 3d core level XPS are associated with different valence states on the surfaces of the investigated ceramics. Anomalies of enthalpy, change of activation energy of ionic conductivity, anomalies of dielectric permittivity in the temperature range 420–520 K of investigated compounds were found. The phenomena are related to diffuse structure phase transition in the compounds. At temperatures 600 and 900 K, the compounds belong to orthorhombic symmetry (space group Pbcn).