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1.
杨异秉  陶伟明  黄家闽  徐博侯 《中国物理 B》2012,21(4):44204-044204
Over exposure is rather annoying in photo taking. However, in some severe light conditions over exposure is inevitable using conventional cameras due to the limitation of dynamic range of the image sensor. The over exposed information would be completely lost and unrecoverable. In order to cope with this problem, we propose a novel technique in which the noise is used to enlarge the dynamic range of the image sensor. The essential mechanism that noise contributes to the information recovery is investigated. It is also proved that the visibility of regained information can reach the peak when specifically added noise is synchronized with the image sensor, thus activating the phenomenon of stochastic resonance (SR). Four different types of noises are investigated to show the effects of variant distributions on the quality of recovered information. The experimental outcomes are consistent with our theoretical results, which indicates that the SR-based lost information recovery is quite promising.  相似文献   

2.
The contributions of the static and dynamic articulatory information to speech recognition were evaluated, and the recognition approaches by combining the articulatory information with acoustic features were discussed. Articulatory movements were observed by the Electromagnetic Articulographic System for reading speech, and the speech signals were recorded simultaneously. First, we conducted several speech recognition experiments by using articulatory features alone, consisting of a number of specific articulatory channels, to evaluate the contribution of each observation point on articulators. Then, the displacement information of articulatory data were combined with acoustic features directly and adopted in speech recognition. The results show that articulatory information provides with additional information for speech recognition which is not encoded in acoustic features. Furthermore, the contribution of the dynamic information of the articulatory data was evaluated by combining them in speech recognition. It is found that the second derivative of articulatory information provided quite larger contribution to speech recognition comparing with the second derivative of acoustical information. At last, the combination methods of articulatory features and acoustic ones were investigated for speech recognition. The basic approach is that the Bayesian Network (BN) is added to each state of HMM, where the articulatory information is represented by the BN as a factor of observed signals during training the model and is marginalized as a hidden variable in recognition stage. Results based on this HMM/BN framework show a better performance than the traditional method.  相似文献   

3.
<正>In this paper,we explore the technology of tracking a group of targets with correlated motions in a wireless sensor network.Since a group of targets moves collectively and is restricted within a limited region,it is not worth consuming scarce resources of sensors in computing the trajectory of each single target.Hence,in this paper,the problem is modeled as tracking a geographical continuous region covered by all targets.A tracking algorithm is proposed to estimate the region covered by the target group in each sampling period.Based on the locations of sensors and the azimuthal angle of arrival(AOA) information,the estimated region covering all the group members is obtained.Algorithm analysis provides the fundamental limits to the accuracy of localizing a target group.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the existing hull algorithm due to the reduction in estimation error,which is between 10%and 40%of the hull algorithm,with a similar density of sensors.And when the density of sensors increases,the localization accuracy of the proposed algorithm improves dramatically.  相似文献   

4.
We investigate the mutual interaction between superconductivity and ferromagnetism in a Nb/Ni81 Ee19 multilayer by ac susceptibility measurements. Compared with a pure superconducting Nb film, the critical current density of the multilayer is apparently enhanced in a low magnetic field region but remains nearly the same in high magnetic fields, which indicates that a continuous ferromagnetic layer with in-plane magnetization can produce strong vortex pinning in a low field region. We interpret this unusual vortex-pinning phenomenon as a consequence of dynamic spin vortex interaction which induces a spin rotation following vortex movement. In addition, we propose that this dynamic interaction could be used for spin manipulation via a superconductor.  相似文献   

5.
嵇英华  蔡十华  乐建新  王资生 《中国物理 B》2010,19(1):10311-010311
A scheme to perfectly preserve an initial qubit state in geometric quantum computation is proposed for a single-qubit geometric quantum gate in a nuclear magnetic resonance system. At first, by adjusting some magnetic field parameters, one can let the dynamic phase be proportional to the geometric phase. Then, by controlling the azimuthal angle in the initial state, we may realize a geometric quantum gate whose fidelity is equal to one under cyclic evolution. This means that the quantum information is no distortion in the process of geometric quantum computation.  相似文献   

6.
7.
Stock markets in the world are linked by complicated and dynamical relationships into a temporal network.Extensive works have provided us with rich findings from the topological properties and their evolutionary trajectories,but the underlying dynamical mechanism is still not in order.In the present work,we proposed a technical scheme to reveal the dynamical law from the temporal network.The index records for the global stock markets form a multivariate time series.One separates the series into segments and calculates the information flows between the markets,resulting in a temporal market network representing the state and its evolution.Then the technique of the Koopman decomposition operator is adopted to find the law stored in the information flows.The results show that the stock market system has a high flexibility,i.e.,it jumps easily between different states.The information flows mainly from high to low volatility stock markets.And the dynamical process of information flow is composed of many dynamic modes distribute homogenously in a wide range of periods from one month to several ten years,but there exist only nine modes dominating the macroscopic patterns.  相似文献   

8.
We investigate the possibility to acquire information of nuclear generalized parton distribution (GPD) H by studying the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) off several nuclear targets at the HERMES group (Hadron Electron Ring Accelerator Measurement of Spin). Two different models are used and developed to demonstrate the leading asymmetry amplitude.A^sinФ LU for coherent-enriched and incoherent-enriched parts with both statistical and systematic uncertainties estimated. It is found that a clear enhancement of ratio of nuclear asymmetry A ^AsinФ to free proton asymmetry A^H,sinФ LU in the coherent-enriched region is expected by both models,and a decrease of the ratio in incoherent-enriched region; both give the information about nuclear modifications. It is also possible to distinguish between those two models even under the limited statistics.  相似文献   

9.
Current dynamic processes in realistic magnetotail geometry simulations under various driven conditions and Hall effects. are studied by Hall magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Associated with the external driving force, a thin current sheet with a broad extent is built up in the near-Earth magnetotail. The time evolution for the formation of the current sheet comprises two phases: slow growth and a fast impulsive phase before the near-Earth disruption of the current sheet resulting from the fast magnetic reconnection. The simulation results indicate that as the external driving force increases, the site and the tailward speed of the near-Earth current disruption region are closer to the Earth and faster, respectively. Whether the near-Earth disruption of the current sheet takes place or not is mainly controlled by Hall effects. It is found that there is no sudden disruption of the current sheet in the near-Earth region if the ion inertial length is below di= 0.04.  相似文献   

10.
We design high quality factor (Q) photonic crystal microcavities in diamond films for applications in quantum information based on color centers. A photonic microcavity made from a waveguide heterostructure with a mode gap is demonstrated to have a high Q factor over 1051400 and a modal volume V of 2.24 cubic wavelengths by modifying the mode gap width and the tapered region geometry. Besides its ultrahigh Q factor, the waveguide-like geometry of the cavity allows for easy on-chip transportation of quantum information between different cavities.  相似文献   

11.
机抖激光陀螺锁区补偿的理论研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
二频机抖陀螺具有较高的精度,但在每个抖动周期需要两次通过锁区,会丢失部分信息,从而带来了过锁误差.噪声注入只能将误差随机化,并不能从根本上消除误差.根据锁区方程阐述了锁区对机抖陀螺精度的影响.对二频机抖陀螺的锁区补偿方案进行了理论研究.采用零速率点恒加速近似得到了过锁误差的信号表征方法.数值分析表明该锁区补偿方法在各种...  相似文献   

12.
激光陀螺抖动偏频优化研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
基于频率调制理论,分析、仿真计算了正弦抖动偏频和优化后的正弦抖动偏频条件下,激光陀螺输入-输出曲线的特点.结果表明:正弦抖动偏频时激光陀螺的输入-输出曲线在抖动频率的倍频点处存在着动态锁区,其宽度与激光陀螺静态锁区、抖动角振幅有关.采用优化后的正弦抖动偏频可以很好地克服动态锁区,大大提高激光陀螺输入-输出曲线的线性度.试验对比了正弦抖动偏频和优化后的正弦抖动偏频条件下激光陀螺的输出性能.试验结果表明:采用优化后的正弦抖动偏频显著提高了陀螺准确度.  相似文献   

13.
高云  邹丽  宗智 《计算物理》2019,36(1):53-59
基于尾流振子模型对刚性圆柱体涡激振动响应特性进行数值研究.建立圆柱体结构振子及尾流振子之间的耦合方程,基于二阶精度中心差分格式对耦合模型先离散后迭代进行求解.对不同质量比及不同阻尼比圆柱体涡激振动响应的无量纲位移、无量纲升力、频率比及锁定区间等参数进行分析.结果表明数值方法可以很好地模拟刚性圆柱体的涡激振动响应特性.随着质量比的增加,锁定开始点逐渐延后,锁定结束点逐渐提前,锁定区间宽度逐渐变窄.  相似文献   

14.
樊振方  罗晖  卢广锋  胡绍民 《物理学报》2012,61(18):184204-184204
通过采用减低转速的办法测得的锁区值推算出的随机游走比用Allan方 差方法拟合的随机游走要大很多. 为了解释这一问题, 建立了动态刻蚀光栅模型, 与以往的研究不同, 本文认为刻蚀光栅效应不只在驻波状态下发生, 在行波状态下也会存在, 而且与拍频频率呈现动态响应的关系. 这种模型得出了锁区随着转速的降低而不断增大的结论, 解释了长期以来困扰激光陀螺研究者的一些问题.  相似文献   

15.
An infrared lock-in thermography technique was adjusted for the detection of early bruises on pears. This mechanical damage is usually difficult to detect in the early stage after harvested using conventional visual sorting or CCD sensor-based imaging processing methods. We measured the thermal emission signals from pears using a highly sensitive mid-infrared thermal camera. These images were post-processed using a lock-in method that utilized the periodic thermal energy input to the pear. By applying the lock-in method to infrared thermography, the detection sensitivity and signal to noise ratio were enhanced because of the phase-sensitive narrow-band filtering effect. It was also found that the phase information of thermal emission from pears provides good metrics with which to identify quantitative information about both damage size and damage depth for pears. Additionally, a photothermal model was implemented to investigate the behavior of thermal waves on pears under convective conditions. Theoretical results were compared to experimental results. These results suggested that the proposed lock-in thermography technique and resultant phase information can be used to detect mechanical damage to fruit, especially in the early stage of bruising.  相似文献   

16.
The present note proposes a simple, fast and accurate experimental technique to measure the specific optical activity coefficients in fibre-like crystals. The system is based on the automatic electronic phase shift detection by a lock-in amplifier in a dynamic polarimetric system.  相似文献   

17.
通过分析激光陀螺锁区的形成因为,给出了进行锁区控制的基本方法.对锁区误差检测补偿、锁区调制、锁区信号伺服控制三种方案基本原理进行了说明,通过对三种方案的特点进行对比分析,得出锁区信号伺服控制为最佳控制方案,并给出了基于该方案的工程实现方法,具有较好的应用前景.  相似文献   

18.
功能性近红外光谱(functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS)技术是一种新兴的非侵入式光学技术,该技术可以测量脑皮层的功能性活动信息。介绍了单通道fNIRS系统的开发,为了验证系统的性能,2人参与了算数运算任务,获得了氧合血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白的浓度变化。锁相放大器在fNIRS系统中可以很好地提取淹没在噪声中微弱的光强信号,但是模拟锁相放大器价格昂贵,对多通道系统来说是很大的负担。设计了数字锁相放大器算法,通过与模拟锁相进行比较,结果表明设计的数字锁相放大器可以取代价格昂贵的模拟锁相放大器。  相似文献   

19.
吴晓笛  刘华坪  陈浮 《物理学报》2017,66(22):224702-224702
针对流固耦合问题,发展了基于浸入边界-多松弛时间格子玻尔兹曼通量求解法(immersed boundary method multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann flux solver,IB-MRT-LBFS)的弱耦合算法.依据多尺度Chapman-Enskog展开,建立不可压宏观方程状态变量和通量与格子玻尔兹曼方程中粒子密度分布函数之间的关系;采用强制浸入边界法处理流固界面使固壁表面满足无滑移边界条件,根据修正的速度求解动量方程力源项;结构运动方程采用四阶龙格-库塔法求解.格子模型与浸入边界法的引入使流固耦合计算可以在笛卡尔网格下进行,无需生成贴体网格及运用动网格技术,简化了计算过程.数值模拟了单圆柱横向涡激振动、单圆柱及串列双圆柱双自由度涡激振动问题.结果表明,IB-MRT-LBFS能够准确预测圆柱涡激振动的锁定区间、振动响应、受力情况以及捕捉尾流场结构形态,验证了该算法在求解流固耦合问题的有效性和可行性.  相似文献   

20.
A derivative spectroscopy allowing the spectrum to be observed in real time at the analogue oscilloscope is developed. A differentiating amplifier is used instead of a lock-in amplifier to obtain the signal proportional to the derivative of the absorption line profile. This approach allows a region of the spectrum to be rapidly identified and the diode-laser spectrometer to be tuned to the strongest absorption line.  相似文献   

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