CsI(Tl)晶体探测器APD读出的温度效应

对中国科学院近代物理研究所自行生长的铊激活碘化铯闪烁晶体CsI(Tl)光输出及Hamamtsu公司生产的S8664-1010型雪崩光二极管(APD)增益对温度的依赖关系做了系统研究. 结果表明, CsI(Tl)晶体光产额在室温范围内随着温度的增加而增加, 在－2℃—8℃温度范围内的平均温度系数为0.67%/℃, 在8℃—25℃温度范围内的平均温度系数为0.33%/℃. 而对所使用的APD, 其增益在室温范围内的温度系数为－3.68%℃(工作电压400V). APD结合CsI(Tl)晶体在室温下对¹³⁷Cs的662keV γ射线的能量分辨可达5.1%.     

Mg2+对Ce∶Fe∶LiNbO3晶体光折变性能的作用和影响

在Ce(0.1wt%)∶Fe(0.08wt%)∶LN中掺进摩尔分数为(0.2%,0.4%,0.6%)的MgO,采用提拉法生长Mg∶Ce∶Fe∶LN晶体.测试晶体的吸收光谱,Mg∶Ce∶Fe∶LN晶体的吸收边相对Ce∶Fe∶LiNbO3晶体发生紫移,Mg(6%)∶Ce∶Fe∶LN晶体OH-吸收峰移到3 532 cm-1,研究OH吸收峰移动机理.以二波耦合光路测试Mg∶Ce∶Fe∶LN晶体的指数增益系数和响应时间,发现Mg∶Ce∶Fe∶LN晶片厚度减小时指数增益系数显著增加.首次采用光爬行效应解释指数增益系数增加机理.     

Mg2+对Ce:Fe:LiNbO3晶体光折变性能的作用和影响

在Ce(0.1wt%):Fe(0.08wt%):LN中掺进摩尔分数为（0.2%,0.4%,0.6%）的MgO,采用提拉法生长Mg:Ce:Fe:LN晶体.测试晶体的吸收光谱,Mg:Ce:Fe:LN晶体的吸收边相对Ce:Fe:LiNbO3晶体发生紫移,Mg(6%):Ce:Fe:LN晶体OH－吸收峰移到3 532 cm－1,研究OH－吸收峰移动机理.以二波耦合光路测试Mg:Ce:Fe:LN晶体的指数增益系数和响应时间,发现Mg:Ce:Fe:LN晶片厚度减小时指数增益系数显著增加.首次采用光爬行效应解释指数增益系数增加机理.     

光纤通信光开关的物理基础(续)

4　热光开关热光开关和电光开关的结构可以相同 ,但是产生开关效应的机理不同 .这里的热光效应是指通过电流加热的方法 ,使介质的温度变化 ,导致光在介质中传播的折射率和相位发生改变的物理效应 .折射率随温度的变化关系为n(T) =n0 +Δn(T) =n0 + n TΔT=n0 +αΔT(6 9)式中 n0 为温度变化之前的折射率 ,ΔT为温度的变化 ,α为热光系数 ,它与材料的种类有关 .表 3是几种材料的热光系数 .表 3　几种材料的热光系数材料 α/ (10 - 4K- 1 )L i Nb O30 .0 4 3Si 2Si O2 1.1聚合物 1　　Δn将引起相位变化为Δφ=2 πΔn L/ λ0 =2 παL…     

CsI(TI)闪烁探测器用于粒子鉴别

根据CsI(T1)晶体产生的闪烁光脉冲具有快、慢两种成份这一特性,采用电荷灵敏ADC对快、慢成份分别积分的方法,仅用一块CsI(T1)晶体实现了对轻粒子p、d、α和Li的鉴别与测量,且得到了好的粒子分辨本领.另外,用CsI(T1)晶体与Si半导体组成的△E-E望远镜也很好地实现了对轻粒子的鉴别.     

Cu∶KNSBN晶体光折变参量的温度特性研究

本文研究了Cu∶KNSBN晶体光折变材料参量的温度特性.用光折变理论分析了文献6给出的Cu∶KNSBN晶体两波耦合增益系数Γ随2θ在不同温度下的变化关系.得出了该晶体有效电荷密度Neff,有效电光系数和电子-空穴对抗因子乘积Rreff随温度的变化关系.     

退火处理对掺铒氢化非晶硅悬挂键密度和光致荧光的影响

采用磁控溅射技术制备了铒掺杂的氢化非晶硅(a-Si∶H(Er))样品.进一步通过200—500℃温度递增的后退火处理，获得了不同的Si悬挂键(Si-DBs)密度，并在此基础上研究了Si-DBs密度改变对其Er光荧光(Er-PL)的影响.退火温度低于350℃时，Er-PL强度持续增加，但Si-DBs密度的变化显得较复杂；350℃以上时，Er-PL强度随Si-DBs密度的增加而减小.在200—250℃的退火温度范围内，Si-DBs是由于结构弛豫而减少；在250—500℃的退火温度范围内，可能由于Si—H键的断 关键词： 氢化非晶硅 铒掺杂 Si悬挂键 光荧光     

光学材料 光学晶体、液晶

O722006010691CsI∶Tl晶体对高能X光照射量的响应关系研究=Studyon the response characteristic of CsI∶Tl crystal to high-energy X-ray radiation[刊,中]/江孝国(中物院流体物理所.四川,绵阳(621900)),王伟…∥光学学报.—2005,25(10).—1429-1432在X光探伤系统中使用效率较高的CsI∶Tl晶体作为X光转换体。CsI∶Tl晶体对X光的响应关系是精密图像处理、定量测量所需的一项重要参量,理论推导出CsI∶Tl晶体对X光的响应呈现线性关系,并针对性地设计了在60Co放射源上的定量测量实验,所获数据不仅充分证明了理论推导的正确性,还证…     

CsI（T1）晶体量能器中硅光二极管的核计数器效应研究

研究了由于电磁簇射在CsI（T1）晶体后端的泄漏而引起的硅光二极管“核计数器”效应．通过GEANT模拟和实验测量分析其在BESⅢ的CsI（T1）晶体量能器中对能量测量的影响．     

Cu:KNSBN晶体光折变参量的温度特性研究

本文研究了Cu:KNSBN晶体光折变材料参量的温度特性.用光折变理论分析了文献6给出的Cu:KNSBN晶体两波耦合增益系数Γ随2θ在不同温度下的变化关系.得出了该晶体有效电荷密度N_eff,有效电光系数和电子-空穴对抗因子乘积Rr_eff随温度的变化关系.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.