Bi2Sr2—xLaxCuO6薄膜的热激活磁通耗散行为

利用不同磁场下的Ｒ－Ｔ曲线，得到了Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２－ｘＬａｘＣｕＯ６薄膜的上临界场Ｈｃ２，讨论了热激活磁通蠕动对上临界场Ｈｃ２的影响。用热激活磁通蠕动理论解释了磁场下Ｒ－Ｔ曲线的展宽效应，得到激活能对温度的线性变化关系，对磁场的指数变化关系。     

2H-Nb0.9Ta0.1Se2中磁通涡旋输运的标度行为

测量了2H-Nb_0.9Ta_0.1Se₂单晶样品在不同电流下电压随磁场变化的曲线V(H),并从V(H)曲线得到V(I)数据.使用标度关系V=α(I-I_c)^β进行了拟合,得到了临界电流随磁场I_c(H)和微分电阻随磁场R_d的变化关系.在微分电阻随磁场变化的曲线中,电流较大时,靠近上临界磁场H_c2附近出现一个强峰,而在低电流下,该峰消失.同 关键词： 磁通涡旋 标度定律 临界电流峰效应     

含不同211相颗粒的区域熔炼YBa2Cu3O6＋x样品的临界电流

在５５－７８Ｋ的温度范围内，最大磁场为２．３Ｔ下，用ＶＳＭ测量了含Ｙ２ＢａＣｕＯ５颗粒的区域熔炼ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ６＋ｘ的磁滞回线。利用Ｂｅａｎ模型计算了磁临界电流密度，发现Ｊｃ与外加磁场Ｈ有一普适关系。实验结果能用集体钉扎理论解释。我们同时发现Ｙ２ＢａＣｕＯ５（２１１）颗粒在磁通钉扎中有很大作用，在较高增场下，随２１１相颗粒含量的增加，样品的Ｊｃ下降越缓慢。     

高J＿cTl系2223相银包套带材的磁通钉扎和耗散

测量了Ｔｌ系２２２３相银包套超导带（Ｊ＿ｃ＝１．５×１０￣４Ａ＊ｃｍ￣（－２），７７Ｋ，０Ｔ）在０－０．８Ｔ磁场下电阻转变展宽，实验结果引用热激活磁通蠕动模型加以解释。磁场平行于带面（Ｈａｂ面）和磁场垂直于带面（ＨＪ⊥ａｂ面）两种情况下，激活能与磁场之间满足幂指数关系：Ｕ＿（０）＝０．２１，其中Ｈ的单位为ｋＧ。对Ｈａｂ面，ＨＩ时出现的与宏观洛仑兹力无关的耗散进行了讨论。     

Bi2212超导单晶中的一级融化相变的研究

在干净的Ｂｉ２２１２超导单晶样品中,使用四引线法进行输动性质的研究（电流方向沿ＣｕＯ２层）,发现当外磁场（⊥ａｂ面）小于０．０９Ｔ时电阻在正常态电阻的１‰时发生突变,电阻陡降了２到３个量级,对应着一级融化的发生;当外磁场超过临界点（ＣＰ）时,电阻随温度的变化曲线出现展宽,磁通液体到磁通固态的相变为二级相变。我们认为临界点（ＣＰ）是晶体中缺陷的函数,缺陷驱动Ｂｉ２２１２超导单晶的相变由一级向二级转变     

纳米银掺杂对Bi(2223)超导体的影响

研究了不同含量纳米银掺杂的（Ｂｉ,Ｐｂ）２Ｓｒ２Ｃａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏｘ块材。ＤＴＡ分析表明纳米银掺杂使材料熔点降低,加速了高Ｔｃ相的形成。磁场下Ｒ－Ｔ展宽测试表明,纳米银掺杂大大提高了磁通蠕动激活能,其中最佳掺杂１５ｗｔ％Ａｇ时激活能提高５～６倍;掺杂样品的钉扎能Ｕ（Ｈ）随磁场降低比非掺杂样品要慢,改善了磁场下的传输性能。交流磁化率测量表明纳米银掺杂使晶间损耗峰向高温移动２０Ｋ,说明纳米银掺杂改善了晶界     

YBa2Cu3O7—δ外延薄膜中磁通运动的研究

我们用 Hall 效应和磁场下展宽的电阻-温度(R-T)曲线研究了 YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)外延生长薄膜中的磁通运动规律.从展宽的 R-T 曲线中,得到了磁通蠕动激活能与磁场之间满足的指数关系;而从 Hall 系数 R_H 的测量中,发现了与 R-T 展宽相对应的 Hall 系数反常变化.对整个 R-T 和 R_H-T 曲线的变化,我们借用磁通玻璃模型来进行描述,从不同的角度,揭示了磁通运动的规律.     

熔融织构YBCO单晶的层间耦合

在０～７．５Ｔ磁场范围内,采用膺磁通变压器结构（八电极）,测量了磁场平行于ｃ轴时熔融织构生长的ＹＢＣＯ单晶上和下两个表面的电阻－温度关系。实验结果表明,在测量仪表所能测量的精度范围内,没有观测到Ｖｔｏｐ和Ｖｂｏｔ的情况,Ｖｔｏｐ总是大于Ｖｂｏｔ。不同磁场下Ｖｔｏｐ／Ｖｂｏｔ随着温度的降低而变化;ｃ－轴电阻的测量结构则表明,样品沿ｃ方向与ａｂ面具有相似的超导电性,且Ｔ＾ｃｃ〉Ｔａｂｃ,这充分表明随着     

Bi_（1．8）Pb_（0．2）Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O高温超导体的I－V特性

我们测量了Ｂｉ１．８Ｐｂ－．２Ｓｒ２Ｃａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ高温超导体在磁场下不同温度的等温Ｉ－Ｖ曲线．观测到在等温ｌｇＩ－ｌｇＶ曲线上会同时存在正曲率和负曲率．这是通常的Ａｎｄｅｒｓｏｎ－Ｋｉｍ磁通蠕动模型和涡旋玻璃态的标度理论Ｖ∞ｅｘｐ［－（Ｊ－／Ｊ）Ｈ］所不能解释的．我们在蠕动模型的基础上，考虑到磁通运动时的耗散对激活能会有一个动力学的贡献，对上述现象进行了解释，并与实验进行了对比．     

饱和吸附H原子的Si（100）表面的光学二次谐波研究

测量了Ｓｉ（１００）（２×１）－Ｈ表面和Ｓｉ（１００）（３×１）－Ｈ表面的反射二次谐波强度随温度的变化关系，并与清洁的Ｓｉ（１００）（２×１）表面进行了比较。Ｓｉ（１００）（２×１）表面和Ｓｉ（１００）（３×１）－Ｈ表面的二次谐波强度随温度的上升而单调地减小，Ｓｉ（１００）（２×１）－Ｈ表面二次谐波强度随温度的变化不是单调的，约在４７０Ｋ时信号最大。可以根据二次谐波信号的强度及其随温度的变化关系来确定样品温度和表面结构。     

Magnetic ordering in HoRu2Si2, HoRh2Si2, TbRh2Si2 and TbIr2Si2 by neutron diffraction

Neutron diffraction study of polycrystalline HoRu₂Si₂, HoRh₂Si₂, TbRh₂Si₂, and TbIr₂Si₂ was performed in the temperature range between 4.2 and 300 K. For HoRu₂Si₂ the magnetic spin alignment of a linear transverse wave mode below the Néel temperature 19 K is observed. This static moment wave is propagating along the b-axis with k=(0, 0.2, 0) and is polarized in the c-axis. The root-mean-square and maximum saturation moments per Ho atom are 9.26 and 13.09μ_B, respectively. HoRh₂Si₂, TbRh₂Si₂ an TbIr₂Si₂ are simple collinear antiferromagnets of +-+- type with Néel temperatures of (27±1), (98±2) and (72±3) K, respectively. For TbRh₂Si₂ and TbIr₂Si₂ magnetic moments are localized on RE ions only and are aligned along the tetragonal axis, while for HoRh₂Si₂ they form an angle ø = (28±3)°.     

μ+SR study of LaNi2As2, URh2Si2 and CeRh2Si2

Muon spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the paramagnetic and magnetically ordered states of URh₂Si₂ and CeRh₂Si₂. As the magnetic structure of these compounds is well known, these measurements can help to characterise their magnetic properties probed by μSR and to understand the μSR results of the heavy fermion compounds of the same crystallographic family. Our measurements show that the muons occupy two different crystallographic sites. The spectra of URh₂Si₂ and CeRh₂Si₂ in the magnetically ordered states are very different, probably reflecting their different magnetic structures. The spectra obtained on CeRh₂Si₂ are similar to the published spectra of the heavy fermion compound CeCu_2.1 Si₂. Muon spin rotation measurements on LaNi₂As₂ indicate that the muon is diffusing at 150 K.     

13C-selective IRMPD of CBr2F2/Cl2 and CCl2F2/Br2 systems

The CO₂ TEA laser irradiation of CBr₂F₂ in the presence of Cl₂ yielded ¹³C-enriched CBrClF₂ and ¹³C-enriched CCl₂F₂ under selected experimental conditions. As the photolysis proceeded, the ¹³C concentration of CBrClF₂ decreased gradually and that of CCl₂F₂ increased up to 90% or higher. These results can be explained by the mechanism involving the secondary ¹³C-selective IRMPD of the primary product CBrClF₂. On the other hand, the carbon-containing product for a CCl₂F₂/Br₂ system was only CBrClF₂; the further IRMPD of which probably regenerated CBrClF₂ in the presence of Br₂. The decomposition probabilities of ¹²C- and ¹³C-containing molecules in both systems were measured as functions of laser line, laser fluence, and reactant pressures.     

Magnetostriction of SmMn2Ge2 and GdMn2Ge2 intermetallic compounds

Longitudinal and transverse magnetostrictions of polycrystalline samples of intermetallic compounds RMn₂Ge₂ (R=Sm or Gd) are measured in pulsed magnetic fields up to 250 kOe. It is found that linear magnetostrictive strains of about 10^?3 arise in a temperature range in which the magnetic field causes a change in the magnetic state of a manganese magnetic subsystem. The results obtained are described within the model of a two-sublattice ferrimagnet with a negative exchange interaction in the manganese subsystem in terms of a strong dependence of this interaction on interatomic distances.     

Polar optic phonons in Hg2Cl2 and Hg2Br2

Far infrared (30–430 cm^?1) reflectivity measurements of Hg₂Cl₂ and Hg₂Br₂ single crystals have been performed in polarized light. The spectra, which are in agreement with group-theoretical predictions, were analyzed by the oscillator fitting procedure and Kramers-Kronig method. The results are compared with the existing data from other measurements and the large anisotropy of polar modes is briefly discussed. The polarization vectors of all long-wavelength symmetry modes were determined group-theoretically.     

Superconductivity in LaPd_2Bi_2 with CaBe_2Ge_2-type structure

正Since the discovery of superconductivity in LaFeAsO_(1-x)F_x,the high-T_c iron-based superconductors have been extensively studied from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints [1-8]. However, the mechanism of the unconventional superconductivity is still to be resolved. To     

Structural,magnetic and neutron diffraction studies on TbFe2-TbAl2, TbCo2-TbAl2 and HoCo2-HoAl2

Both pseudobinary systems exhibit large homogeneous regions of cubic and hexagonal Laves phases. Ordering tendencies on crystallographic sites between Al and the transition metals are observed in the hexagonal type.Electron transfer to the transition metals quenches their moments so that they become nonmagnetic at high Al concentrations. The peculiarities in the mechanism of magnetization which appear in rare earth dialuminides when Al is replaced by a transition metal have been studied in detail at cryogenic temperatures.The first replacement of Al results in a decrease in saturation moment. Neutron diffraction verifies the low ordered rare earth sublattice moments and reveals the ‘lost part’ as a disordered component. Considerable magnetic hardness develops in certain regions of concentration often connected with spontaneous increases in magnetization with field. All available evidence suggests the presence of unusual domain wall effects to be responsible for this effect. High remanences develop in both the hexagonal and in the cubic structures in the intermediate region. The development of disordered magnetic components is connected either with the disorder on crystallographic sites or changes in the free electron concentration.