快速调节分光计的8图示

分光计是大学物理光学实验中较为常用又较为精确的测量仪器,能否快速准确调节分光计直接影响实验进度和测量精确度．分光计的调节分3部分：一是平行光管射出平行光束;二是望远镜调焦于无穷远;三是望远镜的光轴和载物台台面垂直于仪器的公共转轴,     

分光计中望远镜的调节原理

探讨了分光计中对望远镜进行各步调节的原理,解释望远镜聚焦无穷远、望远镜光轴垂直于仪器转轴及分划板竖直准线平行于仪器转轴的调节原理,并建议在分划板竖直准线上平均划分出尽可能小的刻度,以便减少对光轴的调节次数。     

“分光计调整和使用”实验常见问题讨论

结合“分光计调整和使用”实验教学实践,总结了教学中学生常遇到的、包含分光计的调整和实验数据分析过程中6个方面的问题:快速调节载物盘,使盘面垂直于中心转轴;避免过度使用“各半调节法”;准直管所用狭缝宽度的选择;分光计调整至标准状态的确认;望远镜无法观察到三棱镜其中一个表面反射回的狭缝像;计算三棱镜顶角时测量数据“过零”的问题.在此基础之上,给出了这些问题出现原因及相应的解决方案.     

分光计调整的商榷

一、引言如何调整分光计,使其中望远镜的光轴(以下简称光轴)与望远镜的转轴垂直,是用平面玻璃进行调整,或用三棱镜根据“两个垂直”进行调整呢?本文给予认真的计算和证明。假定:分光计的望远镜具有高斯目镜,载物台的转轴与望远镜的转轴是同轴的(统称为仪器的转轴,以下简称转轴),载物台的倾斜是可调的。     

分光计的一种新调节方法及仪器的改进

本文以JJY型分光计为例,对分光计的聚焦与光轴倾斜度这两方面的调节做了系统论述．同时根据分光计的结构特点与调节本质,对传统的“各半调节法”进行改进,提出新的“分别调节法”,并在此基础上对仪器也做出了一些完善,使调节效率得到提高．     

测量光栅波长中分光计调节过程几个常见问题的解决方法

本文对分光计测量光栅波长的调节过程,包括查找平面镜反射的十字像,调节平行光管主轴和望远镜主轴重合且垂直于仪器主轴,以及判别光栅位于玻璃哪一面几个常见问题,给出了简单解决方法。     

分光计中望远镜调节方法总结

分析了分光计中望远镜调节原理,归纳与总结了望远镜光轴、载物台都垂直于分光计中心轴的多种调节方法,有利于实验教学。     

分光计调节方法的探讨

分光计实验一般的高等工科院校都有,但也是诸实验中调节仪器部件最多、教师和学生都感到较为困难的实验.这个实验中最主要最难的就是使望远镜的光轴垂直于分光计的光轴,根据我们多年来的实践,摸索出了较快的调整望远镜的方法,现介绍供大家参考.     

分光计调整的表述

分光计调整的要求可分为几何要求与物理要求。几何要求可简述为“三个垂直”:小平台、望远镜的主光轴、平行光管的主光轴都必须与仪器转轴垂直。而要做到“三个垂直”,在目测(粗调)时应力求“四平行”;     

调节分光计的问题讨论两则一、逐次逼近调节

调节分光计的问题讨论两则一、逐次逼近调节山西农业大学武秀荣，陈晓春１．调节方法今假定按普通方法；把平面镜（或光栅）按规定放在载物台上，并能通过望远镜的目镜清晰地看见叉丝．逐次逼近调节是调节望远镜光轴与仪器中心转轴接近垂直的一种方法，其步骤是：将已聚焦...     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.