弯曲振动对CS2分子1B2(1Σ)态预解离寿命的影响

在209．5～216nm，采用光解碎片激发(PHOFEX)谱技术，对CS2分子^1B2(^1∑u^+)态预解离寿命进行了考察．测量在超声射流中进行．信号来自解离碎片CS(A^1Ⅱ，υ’=0←X^1∑^+，υ”=0)Q支带头的激光诱导荧光(LIF)．预解离寿命是通过对谱带进行拟合来提取的．拟合中假定基态转动布居为Boltzmann分布，寿命加宽的转动谱线为Lorentz线形．通过拟合共获得^1B2(^1∑u^+)态13个跃迁所对应的预解离寿命，其中6个数据是新得到的．结果表明，基态振动角动量量子数l或激发态转动角量子数K(K=l)对预解离寿命有明显的影响．对于激发态的同一振动能级，较大的K对应于较短的预解离寿命．实验中采用可加热的射流喷嘴，用以提高热带激发的强度，以改善对较大转动角量子数K的影响的考察．     

CS2 分子 1 B2(1 Σ+u )态预解离动力学研究

研究了CS2 分子1B2 (1Σ+u )预离解态线形势垒下的g振动能级光解动力学,包括预解离寿命、产物振转布居、平动振动转动能量分配和解离通道分支比.在实验过程中,一束可调谐激光激发超声射流冷却的CS2 分子到1B2 (1Σ+u )电子态,光解产物CS用另一束可调谐激光通过激光诱导荧光(LIF)方法检测.通过拟合光解碎片激发谱的谱峰轮廓,获得了源于不同跃迁初始态的1B2 (1Σ+u )态g振动能级的预解离寿命.通过分析CS的LIF光谱,则获得了不同光解波长下CS碎片的v=0~8振动态布居、v=1、4 ~8振动态的转动布居、能量分配以及两个预解离通道CS(X1Σ+ ) +S(3PJ)和CS(X1Σ+ ) +S(1D2 )的分支比.实验还考察了初始态弯曲振动量子数v2″、振动角动量量子数l对解离动力学的影响.发现v2″的影响不大,而l的影响却是明显的.较大的l(=K)对应于较短的寿命和较小的通道分支比S(3PJ) /S(1D2 ),即大的l(=K)有利于预解离的发生,同时更有利于产生S(1D2 ).     

CS2分子^1B2（^1∑u^＋）态预解离动力学研究

研究了CS2分子^1B2(^1∑u^+)预离解态线形势垒下的g振动能级光解动力学，包括预解离寿命、产物振转布居、平动-振动-转动能量分配和解离通道分支比．在实验过程中，一束可调谐激光激发超声射流冷却的CS2分子到^1B2(^1∑u^+)电子态，光解产物CS用另一束可调谐激光通过激光诱导荧光(LIF)方法检测．通过拟合光解碎片激发谱的谱峰轮廓，获得了源于不同跃迁初始态的^1B2(^1∑u^+)态g振动能级的预解离寿命．通过分析CS的LIF光谱，则获得了不同光解波长下CS碎片的v=0—8振动态布居、v=1、4—8振动态的转动布居、能量分配以及两个预解离通道CS(X^1∑^+)+S(^3PJ)和CS(X^1∑^+)+S(^1D2)的分支比．实验还考察了初始态弯曲振动量子数v2″、振动角动量量子数l对解离动力学的影响．发现v2″的影响不大，而l的影响却是明显的．较大的l(=K)对应于较短的寿命和较小的通道分支比S(^3PJ)／S(^1D2)，即大的l(=K)有利于预解离的发生，同时更有利于产生S(^1D2)．     

CS21B2(1Σ+u)态预离解产物CS的振转布居研究

用一束波长为 2 10 .2 7nm的激光将CS2 分子激发至预离解态1B2 (1Σ+ u) ,用另一束激光通过激光诱导荧光 (LIF)方法检测碎片CS ,在 2 5 0 .5～ 2 86 .5nm获得了CS碎片A1Π←X1Σ+ 振转分辨的激发谱 .通过对光谱强度的分析 ,获得了CS碎片v″ =0～ 8的振动布居和v″=1,4～ 8振动态的转动布居 .结果发现 ,碎片CS的振动布居呈双模结构 ,分别对应于CS2 分子1B2 (1Σ+ u)态的两个解离通道 ,即CS(X1Σ+ ,v″=0～ 9) +S(3 PJ)和CS(X1Σ+ ,v″ =0～ 1)+S(1B2 ) .由此得到两个解离通道的分支比S(3 PJ) :S(1B2 )为 5 .6± 1.2 .与前人 193nm处的研究结果相比 ,2 10 .2 7nm激发更有利于S(3 PJ)通道的生成 .此外 ,实验还发现CS的转动布居不满足热平衡分布 ,为两个Boltzmann分布的合成     

CS2+( 2Πg )的(1+1)光解离动力学研究

在气束条件下,利用483．2nm的激光（3＋1）共振增强多光子电离（REMPI）CS2分子以产生CS2＋离子源,用另一束可调谐激光在424－482nm内,通过对CS2^+(x^2∏g)(1+1)双光子共振解离产生的碎片离子发谱的探测,来获取CS2^+的光解离动力学信息,光解离碎片S^+的激光发谱（PHOFEX）可归属为CS2^+（A^2∏u,3/2(v′=0-4,v′＝v1_(1/2)v2-)←X^2′∏g,3/2(0,0,0))和（A^2∏u,1/2(v=0-4)←X^2∏g,1/2(0,0,0))跃迁,对CS2^+光解离动力学的研究表明,其产生S^+的通道为：（i)CS2吸收一个光子从基态X^2∏g共振激发至A^-2∏u态,（ii)已布居的A^-2∏u态的振动能级和X^2-∏g态的高振动能级产生耦合,（iii)吸收第二个光子从上述耦合的振动能级进一步激发至B^2∑u^+态,再通过B^-2∑u^+态与^4∑^-态间的自旋－轨道相互作用,经由4∑^-排斥态解离产生S^+_CS。     

CS_2~+经由~2Σ_u~+←~2Π_(g,3/2)跃迁的[1+1]光倒空和光碎片激发谱(英文)

用483.2nm的电离激光使CS2分子经由[3+1]REMPI制备出CS2+(X~2Πg,3/2)后,在270~285nm扫描解离激光获得了CS2+经由~B2Σu+←X~2Πg,3/2跃迁的光倒空和光碎片激发谱,由此给出了CS2+~B2Σu+电子态的振动频率ν1=613cm-1和2ν2=707cm-1.分析表明,正是CS2+的[1+1]双光子光激发解离过程导致了母体离子CS2+的光倒空和光解离成碎片离子CS+和S+,该过程中光碎片离子的分支比CS+/S+大约为3.     

CH3S自由基eA2A1态的近紫外光解动力学: 氢原子产物通道

实验研究射流冷却CH3S自由基eA2A1态在352 nm的光解动力学． 应用氢原子产额谱和光碎片平动能谱方法第一次直接观察到氢原子产物解离通道．CH3S自由基eA2A1态2132振动能级解离为H和H2CS产物．H+H2CS产物平动能释放较小，平动能峰值接近33.4 kJ/mol．氢原子产物角分布是各向同性．H+H2CS产物是经eA2A1激发态向X2E基态内转变，紧接着在基态势能面上解离产生．     

碰撞诱导振动能量转移K_2[1~1Σ_u~+(v′=2)]+He,H_2→K2[1~1Σ_u~+(v′=1,3)]+He,H_2

在样品池条件下,利用激光诱导荧光方法研究了K2[11Σ+u(v′=2)]+He,H2→K2[11Σ+u(v′=1,3)]+He,H2的碰撞能量转移。池温保持在420 K,He和H2气压在40~250 Pa之间变化。脉冲激光激发K2基态至11Σ+u(v′=2)态,荧光中含有直接和碰撞转移荧光成分,记录直接11Σ+u(v′=2)→11Σ+g(v″=0)荧光发射的时间分辨强度。在发射开始时v′=2能级的布居未受v′=1,3→v′=2碰撞转移的影响,因此光强为一纯指数曲线,从强度的对数值给出的直线斜率得到有效寿命,由Stern-Volmer方程得到v′=2→v″=0的辐射寿命为(36±7)ns,v′=2与He和H2碰撞的总的转移截面分别为(3.0±0.5)×10-16cm2和(6.4±1.2)×10-15cm2。在不同的He和H2气压下,测量v′=1,2,3→v″=0的时间积分荧光强度,结合11Σ+u(v′=1,3)能量辐射率的测量,得到了v′=2→v′=1和v′=2→v′=3的碰撞转移面分别为(1.4±0.5)×10-16cm2,(1.2±0.4)×10-16cm2(对K2+He)和(3.2±1.0)×10-15cm2,(2.6±0.9)×10-15cm2(对K2+H2)。     

Na_2分子X~1Σ_g~ ,A~1Σ_u~ 和B~1Π_u态的势能函数

使用SAC/SAC-CI方法,利用6-311 g,6-311g**及cc-PVTZ等基组,对Na2分子的基态(X1Σg )、第一激发态(A1Σu )和第二激发态(B1Πu)的平衡结构和谐振频率进行计算.通过对3个基组的计算结果的比较,得出6-311g**基组为3个基组中最优基组的结论;使用6-311g**基组,分别利用SAC的GSUM(Group Sum of Operators)方法对基态(X1Σg ),SAC-CI的GSUM方法对激发态(A1Σu )和(B1Πu)进行单点能扫描计算,用正规方程组拟合Murrell-Sorbie函数,得到相应电子态的完整势能函数.用得到的势能函数计算与基态(X1Σg ),第一激发态(A1Σu )和第二激发态(B1Πu)相对应的光谱常数(Be,αe,ωe和ωeχe),结果与实验数据基本吻合.     

Br_2~+分子离子[1+1]双光子解离动力学（英文）

本文利用最近研制的低温离子阱-离子速度成像谱仪在冷离子束中研究了同位素质量分辨的~(79)Br_2~+分子离子的[1+1]双光子激光解离动力学.借助其1~4∑_(u,3/2)~-态为中间态使~(79)Br_2~+共振吸收两个光子至4～5 eV区域的高激发态并发生解离.利用离子速度成像技术获得了光解产物~(79)Br~+的二维速度分布和平动能释放谱.通过平动能释放谱确定了不同解离能量处量子态分辨的解离产物通道分支比.光碎片产物的角分布表明~(79)Br_2~+分子离子的双光子解离是1~4∑_(u,3/2)~-态的△Ω=0平行跃迁至一个Ω=3/2高解离态发生的.由于分子激发态中的强自旋-轨道耦合作用,高激发的四重态很可能参与到实验观测的光解过程.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.