基于云测试的自动测试系统体系架构研究

为了解决面临保障任务时,我军现有保障设备对武器装备故障检测周期过长以及测试资源在测试周期中被单个故障装备长时间占用的问题,对基于云测试(Cloud Testing)的自动测试系统(ATS,Automatic Test System)的体系架构进行了研究。以软件可移植性、硬件可互换性和系统互操作性为设计原则,对面向信号测试领域的云测试系统的体系架构进行了分析;在充分研究现有ATS的体系架构及其存在的突出问题的基础上,提出了基于云测试的ATS的软、硬件模型。为构建基于云测试的自动测试系统的开发和相关关键技术的研究提供了以有益的借鉴并打下了坚实的基础。     

Modeling of the population dynamics of the states of a three-level molecule in the field of a monochromatic light wave

The formalism and the results of modeling the population dynamics of the states of a three-level model molecule by using the optical Bloch equations are compared with the formalism and results of modeling the population dynamics of the states of the molecule–radiation field system by means of quantum electrodynamics. Examples of significant differences between the results of application of these approaches regarding the behavior of the time dependences of the populations of the states of the molecule, the values of the quantum yield of the photoreaction or the intensity of Rayleigh and resonance Raman scattering are given. These differences are the greater, the higher the rate of the radiative decay of the resonantly excited state with the transition of the molecule to the ground state as compared to the rate of the decay of this state with the transition of the molecule to the third molecule (undecaying) state.     

Nonlinear optical response of an atom in the field of femtosecond laser pulses with near-atomic intensity

A theory of the nonresonant response of a single atom in a state with arbitrary magnitude and direction of the angular momentum of an atomic electron with respect to the polarization vector of the acting electromagnetic field has been developed. It has been shown that the atomic response current has a tensor structure and depends both on the direction of the angular momentum of the atom and on the polarization vector of the external field. The tensor character of the response is due to the effects of the anisotropy of probability density distribution of the atomic electron as compared to the case of the free atom. The selection rules for the axisymmetric problem of the atom in the field have been analyzed. The manifestation of the selection rules in the angular spectra of photoelectrons has been demonstrated. The probability of the ionization of the atom has been analyzed as a function of the amplitude and duration of the pulse. It has been shown that the width of the generation spectrum is a nonlinear function of the field strength and is saturated in the region of nearly atomic fields. Methods for controlling the parameters of the atomic response spectrum have been proposed on the basis of the use of a sequence of laser pulses with various time profiles, carrier frequencies, and polarization states. It has been shown that the generation of terahertz radiation is possible in the preionization regime, where the generation mechanism is attributed to atomic nonlinearity.     

驱动场作用下二分量BEC中原子数密度的演化

运用数值模拟研究了二分量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)原子数密度的动力学行为,讨论了驱动场耦合强度、不同分量间原子作用强度、射频场频率及同分量内原子作用强度对二分量原子数密度演化特性的影响.结果显示:原子数密度随时间近似作周期性振荡,其振荡的周期随驱动耦合场强度、不同分量原子间作用强度的增大而减小,随自耦合强度的增大而增大;射频场频率的变化并不显著改变原子数密度振荡的周期,但它的增大会和自耦合强度的增大一样导致原子密度振荡的振幅减小.     

Reconstruction of synthesized holograms-Fresnel projectors at angles of incidence of reconstructing wave that exceed the angle of incidence of the reference wave in hologram synthesis

The possibility of the aberration-free reconstruction of a synthesized hologram-Fresnel projector in the case when the angles of incidence of the reconstructing plane wave exceed the angle of incidence of the plane reference wave during hologram synthesis is shown. The character of the dependence of admissible angles of incidence of the reconstructing wave on the parameters of the synthesis of hologram projectors is revealed and described mathematically. The results of an experimental study that confirms the possibility of the aberration-free reconstruction of hologram projectors at angles of incidence of the reconstructing plane wave that exceed the angle of incidence of the reference wave of the plane are presented. The results of the successful implementation of the projection photolithography process using a synthesized relief-phase reflection hologram-Fresnel projector are demonstrated.     

基于波形构型分析的脉冲电路设计方法研究

在脉冲电路设计中,需要根据实际应用的波形要求和负载特性选择、设计其电路构型。工程设计中常用的时域波形叠加和参数扫描等波形构型设计方法存在较大局限性,难以形成对脉冲波形构型的物理本质、脉冲电路结构对负载的适应性等方面的系统认识。从分析影响脉冲波形构型的基本要素入手,从时域和频域角度对脉冲波形构型及其电路实现方法进行系统的分析和归纳,给出时域和频域的电路构型设计方法及相应的电路参数解算方法,使设计人员可采用解析分析方法判断电路中元器件参数的调整方向,同时推动电路设计创新。     

多光子Jaynes-Cummings模型中与Glauber-Lachs态相互作用原子的熵压缩

利用全量子理论,研究了多光子Jaynes-Cummings模型中与Glauber-Lachs态相互作用的混合态原子的信息熵压缩。讨论了相干平均光子数、热平均光子数、跃迁光子数、原子初态参量对原子信息熵压缩的影响。结果表明原子信息熵 分量没有熵压缩性质;相干平均光子数取值适当时,原子信息熵 分量呈现熵压缩效应;热平均光子数、跃迁光子数会破坏原子信息熵 分量的熵压缩效应;原子初态参量对原子信息熵 分量能否呈现熵压缩效应没有决定性作用;伴随双光子跃迁时,原子的熵压缩因子的时间演化曲线呈现周期性。     

Light scattering by molecular-organized films on the surface of polycrystalline gold

Specific features of the structure of self-assembled layers of dodecanthiol on the surface of polycrystalline films of gold are investigated with the aim of revealing the effect of the substrate relief on the lateral distribution and the predominant orientation of thiol molecules within the limits of the layer. The analysis of the angular dependence of quasi-elastically scattered light that takes into account the contributions of the geometric roughness of the surface and the inhomogeneity of the dielectric constant to scattering allowed us to establish the correlation in antiphase between the distribution of the thickness of the thiol coating and the height of the relief of the gold surface. The formation of a thiol layer on the surface of polycrystalline gold is a complex process including adsorption, local self-assembly, and a surface-induced distortion of the ordered structure in the regions of minima of the surface relief. The approach proposed here and based on the nondestructive analysis of thin organized coatings can be efficiently applied for the study of specific features of the topography and the prediction of chemical functionality of self-assembled molecular ensembles.     

Electronic States and Photoprocesses in Bichromophore Systems

We present the results of quantumchemical investigation of energy transfer in organic molecules and systems and the inferences drawn. The Förster theory has been subjected to a critical analysis in order that the energy transfer could be described in the context of the current theory of nonradiative transitions and the incorrectness of the basic premises of the Förster theory has been demonstrated. A new variant of the mechanism of electronic energy transfer on the basis of the theory of electron transitions and of the quantum mechanics of molecules has been suggested. It is shown that the interaction of the molecules of the donor and acceptor perturbs the electronic states of isolated molecules even before the excitation of the donor molecule. A characteristic feature of the manifestation of intermolecular interaction is the spatial delocalization of the wave functions of the electronic states of interacting molecules, leading to the possibility of occurrence of conventional photophysical processes with participation of the electronic states of various molecules of the bimolecular system. In experimental investigations, the result of the intermolecular nonradiative transition is recorded as evidence of the spatial transfer of the energy of electronic excitation from the donor molecule to the acceptor molecule.     

Ferromagnetic resonance in interacting magnetic microstrips

The results of the micromagnetic simulation of forced oscillations of the magnetization in a system of two interacting microstrips located at an angle to each other have been presented. The ferromagnetic resonance spectra and the mode composition of resonant oscillations of the system have been investigated under the conditions of magnetostatic and exchange interactions between the microstrips. It has been shown that the magnetostatic interaction leads to the possibility of the excitation of in-phase and out-of-phase coupled oscillations of the magnetization of the microstrips. In the systems of exchange-coupled microstrips, there are intense resonances due to oscillations of the domain walls. The transformation of the ferromagnetic resonance spectrum and the change in the mode composition of resonant oscillations in different equilibrium configurations of the magnetization of the system have been discussed, as well as the conditions for the excitation of oscillations of different types depending on the direction of the microwave magnetic field.     

An absolute method for determination of misalignment of an immersion ultrasonic transducer

An absolute methodology has been developed for quantification of misalignment of an ultrasonic transducer using a corner-cube retroreflector. The amplitude based and the time of flight (TOF) based C-scans of the reflector are obtained for various misalignments of the transducer. At zero degree orientation of the transducer, the vertical positions of the maximum amplitude and the minimum TOF in the C-scan coincide. At any other orientation of the transducer with the horizontal plane, there is a vertical shift in the position of the maximum amplitude with respect to the minimum TOF. The position of the minimum (TOF) remains the same irrespective of the orientation of the transducer and hence is used as a reference for any misalignment of the transducer. With the measurement of the vertical shift and the horizontal distance between the transducer and the vertex of the reflector, the misalignment of the transducer is quantified. Based on the methodology developed in the present study, retroreflectors are placed in the Indian 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor for assessment of the orientation of the ultrasonic transducer prior to the under-sodium ultrasonic scanning for detection of any protrusion of the subassemblies.     

Relative contribution of various factors to the formation of the energy spectrum of fast, medium-energy, charged particles and ions transmitted through a thin target with fluctuations of the target thickness

The characteristics of the energy spectra of kiloelectron-volt protons transmitted through a free-standing foil are investigated theoretically and experimentally as functions of the angle of incidence of the beam on the target. Analytical expressions for the average characteristics of the transmitted-particle energy spectrum are determined for the case of small-angle scattering. The combined influence of various factors affecting the formation of the energy spectra is taken into account: systematic stopping of particles in the medium, fluctuations of the particle energy losses in inelastic collisions, bending of the particle trajectories due to multiple elastic scattering, and fluctuations of the target thickness. It is shown that the contributions of these factors to the width of the transmitted-particle energy spectrum depend differently on the angle of incidence of the beam on the target surface. On the basis of this differentiation it is inferred from the experimental dependence of the width of the energy spectra of kiloelectron-volt protons transmitted through a free-standing foil on the angle of incidence of the beam that fluctuations of the particle energy losses in inelastic collisions are the predominant factor in the formation of the proton energy spectra. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 67, 81–93 (May 1997)     

The Nature of Anomalous Particles (Granules) in Rapidly Quenched PREP Powders: I. A Multiscale Study of the Heating Zone of the Rotating Electrode Used to Obtain the Rapidly Quenched PREP Ni-Based Superalloy Powder

The uniformity of composition of rapidly quenched PREP particles of the powder of high temperature Ni-based superalloys and stainless steels is characterized by an important feature—the occurrence of anomalous particles (granules) with a significantly different content, mainly of microalloying interstitial elements, carbon and boron, as well as active carbide- and boride-forming alloying elements. A detailed multi-scale experimental study of the heating zone of the crater of the Ni-based superalloy electrode after its use to obtain rapidly quenched PREP powder was carried out in order to find the nature and mechanisms of the formation of anomalous granules. Direct nuclear physics methods of activation autoradiography on carbon, track autoradiography on boron, metallography, SEM, EDX, OIM were used. In the electrode crater, the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the partially melted zone (PMZ) were detected. Intense migration of boron to the electrode surface due to the formation of thermal macrocracks was also revealed. The behavior of carbon is determined by the formation of a thin layer of melt on the surface of the crater. The features of the evolution of the terminal solidification region TSR and incipiently melted regions IMR, the main type of heterogeneity of the composition of the dendritic structure of Ni-based superalloys and stainless steels, are revealed. The interrelation of the evolution of these areas is established, which is a consequence of the thermodynamic principle of the reversibility of the processes of solidification and melting, respectively, in the smelting of an ingot electrode and in the process of subsequent atomization. The analysis of the influence of the behavior of boron, carbon, and the characteristics of the crater structure on the nature and mechanism of the formation of anomalous granules using the PREP method for producing rapidly quenched powder of the Ni-based superalloy is performed.

     

Backscattering of light from a dielectric layer on a reflecting substrate

Scattering of light from rough dielectric films is studied experimentally. It is shown that the interference pattern of the scattered field depends critically on the power spectrum of the roughness, especially on its long-scale component. When the height of roughness is small compared with the wavelength, the backscattering peak (if it exists) is due to the interference of the singly scattered fields; hence the properties of the backscattered peak are rather unusual. In particular, the width of the peak is determined by the thickness of the film and is independent of the parameters of disorder. The intensity of the peak increases with an increase of the rms height of the surface roughness and becomes independent of the rms when the roughness is of the order of the wavelength.     

Effects of the mixture of one-and three-dimensional inhomogeneities on the wave spectrum of superlattices

Dependences of the dispersion laws and damping of waves in an initially sinusoidal superlattice on the dimensionality of inhomogeneities modulating the period of the superlattice are studied. The cases of one-and three-dimensional modulations, as well as modulation by a mixture of inhomogeneities of both of these dimensionalities, are considered. The correlation function of the superlattice K(r) has the form of a product of the same periodic function and a decreasing function that is significantly different for these different cases. The decreasing part of the correlation function for the mixture of inhomogeneities of different dimensionalities has the form of a product of the decreasing parts of the correlation functions of the components of the mixture. This leads to the nonadditivity of the contributions of the components of different dimensionalities to the resulting modification of the parameters of the wave spectrum that are due to the inhomogeneities (the damping of waves for the mixture of these components is smaller than the sum of the dampings of the components, the maximum gap in the spectrum corresponds to the simultaneous presence of both components of the mixture, not only of the three-dimensional inhomogeneities).