基于观测器的混沌系统的同步研究

提出了一类混沌系统的观测器同步方法.利用混沌系统的状态观测器，给出了一类混沌系统 观测器的同步的简单有效的方法，并分析了系统的稳定性，通过对Lorenz混沌系统的分析和 数值模拟研究，验证了该方法在混沌同步中的优良性能. 关键词： 混沌系统 混沌同步 状态观测器     

全固化单频激光器的控温系统

文章介绍了一种全固化单频激光器的控温系统，该系统利用PID控制原理，针对我们的控制对象，对其参数和整个系统进行了优化设计，并采取一系列抗干扰措施，保证了系统的控制精度和控制速度，用单片机对其多路温度信号的测量和显示进行了程序化控制，有效解决了热敏电阻的非线性问题，简化了系统的硬件结构，该系统体积小，运行可靠，控制精度达0．005℃（4h）。     

基于鲁棒有限时控制的混沌系统的同步

通过构造快速滑模控制器，实现了混沌系统的有限时同步，指出许多混沌系统经过状态变换后，都可以通过快速收敛的有限时控制器在有限时间内实现驱动系统和响应系统的完全同步，并以陈氏混沌系统和四阶细胞神经网络超混沌系统为例进行了系统仿真.结果显示，该有限时控制器不仅具有良好的性能，而且具备较强的鲁棒性. 关键词： 鲁棒控制 有限时同步 混沌系统     

保守系统的混沌控制

保守系统的混沌控制是一个重要而富有挑战性的研究课题。由于Liouville定理的限制和初始条件的特殊作用，使得适用于耗散系统的混沌控制方法不能直接用于保守系统。本文通过对耗散系统和保守系统混沌运动的特征进行分析和比较，阐述了保守系统混沌运动的规律，总结了近期研究过程中一些典型的基本理论和方法，综述了近年来保守系统混沌控制的相关进展和我们在保守系统的混沌控制方面所做的工作，并对保守系统混沌控制的应用和发展方向进行了展望。     

混沌的自适应控制

提出了控制二维动力学系统中分贫和混沌的自适应方法，给出控制强度的选取方法，并且对两个动力学系统－Ｈｅｎｏｎ映射和强迫布鲁塞尔振子的分岔和浊进行了控制，取得了很好的结果，最后，将此方法与（ＯＧＹ）ｏｔｔ，Ｇｒｅｂｏｇｉ，Ｙｏｒｋｅ缩写为控制方法进行了比较，讨论了将此方法推广到高维系统以及方程未知的动力学系统的可能性。     

Liu混沌系统的线性反馈同步控制及电路实验的研究

研究了新型混沌系统——Liu混沌系统的同步控制问题，基于Liu混沌系统的混沌特性，采用线性反馈控制方法，给出了实现Liu混沌系统同步的控制参数取值范围，数值仿真和电路实验证实了该方法的有效性. 关键词： Liu混沌系统 线性反馈控制 混沌同步 电路     

基于CCD的生物芯片扫描分析系统的设计

根据免疫胶体金标记的蛋白质芯片的特点，利用CCD、数字图像处理等技术，设计了一套生物芯片扫描分析系统.概括了整个系统的结构，介绍了生物芯片扫描分析系统的软件结构和设计，详细描述了生物芯片图像分析和处理的方式.     

基于部分变量反馈的混沌系统控制

提出了混沌系统部分变量逆序反馈控制器的定义，并以陈氏系统为例对该类控制器进行了研究，得出了部分变量正序和逆序控制器存在的条件，应用该条件扩展了有关文献的研究成果，得到了混沌系统的多种形式的反馈控制器.仿真结果显示，基于部分变量的混沌系统的控制是简单而有效的. 关键词： 部分变量反馈控制 逆序控制器 混沌系统     

不确定混沌系统的参数识别与同步控制器的backstepping设计

设计了一种参数观测器，对不确定Rossler系统中的未知参数进行了识别，采用backstepping方法实现了异结构不确定Rossler系统和Coullet系统之间的混沌同步.根据稳定性原理，确定了同步控制器的结构和控制增益的取值范围.仿真模拟结果表明，在参数观测器和backstepping控制器的共同作用下， Coullet系统所有的状态变量严格地跟踪了不确定Rossler系统的混沌轨迹，从而证明了该观测器和控制器的有效性.     

立体声技术近年来的进展

本文总结和评论了立体声技术近年来的进展，包括声像定位理论和实验，传统的双通路立体声系统的改进，环绕产系统，高清晰度电视声系统，假头型立体声系统，数字声频技术在立体声的应用等．文中最后还叙述了对立体声今后发展的展望．     

多路噪声测量系统的研制

本描述了多路噪声测量系统的建立,该系统是一以微机为中心的数字化系统,可实现对４路稳态宽带噪声的测量,测量参数是线性声压级和倍频带声压级。系统由微机、ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ３０板、多路ＡＤ板、传感器、放大器等设备构成硬件系统,并通过编制Ｃ３０板嵌入式软件和微机主控程序实现系统功能。在软件编制中结合数字信号处理技术,并结合硬件特性优化程序设计,本系统测量方法简易,快捷和精度高,在噪声测量领域具有较高实用价值     

Noise mapping using measured noise and GPS data

In this paper, we introduce a system to easily produce a noise map using noise and GPS data measured simultaneously. The system consists of a sound level meter, a GPS receiver, a database program to manage the measured data, and a program to produce the noise map including a computer model of the target area. The GPS receiver interfaced to the sound level meter allows simultaneous measurement and storage of the noise level and the global position at a location. The database program directly imports one or more measured data stored in the sound level meter. Then, selected measurement results are exported to the noise mapping program for producing colour-coded or noise contour line maps using measured data at user-defined locations. The noise map produced can be exported to DXF and SHP files with other modeling items, for post-processing in GIS software. To demonstrate the capability of the developed system, we show a noise map for a university campus produced by the system.     

A suppressor for indoor shooting sites

Shootings at test shooting sites indoors can cause a risk of hearing loss for the workers at the site. The noise can also disturb other persons working in nearby rooms in the same building. A simple suppressor was constructed from a ventilation sound absorber. Sound level meters were installed near the shooter, to his side and in front of him, and in two nearby rooms. The suppressor solution attenuated the peak noise level to the side by 14–18 dB. Near the ear of the shooter, the amplification was 1–4 dB due to reflections. Therefore, a suppressor should have an adjustment mat between the muzzle of the weapon and the suppressor that would isolate sound from the muzzle backwards. In front of the shooter, the peak levels were attenuated by 0–3 dB due to the suppressor system. The suppressor system attenuated noise best to the side. The opening between the muzzle and the suppressor system caused the attenuation at the back of the weapon to be modest. In front, the bullet flight noise remained, and as a result there was no significant noise reduction in this direction. More noise control work is still needed, and one possibility for improvement would be a better enclosure of the imminent shooting area.     

Noise mapping at different stages of a freeway redevelopment project – A case study in Brazil

In economically developing countries such as Brazil, India and China, rising levels of noise pollution are associated with the accelerated growth of cities and the increasing circulation of automotive vehicles. This paper presents the results of an acoustic evaluation conducted in areas adjacent to federal highway BR-116, part of which lies within the urban limits of the city of Curitiba in southern Brazil. In situ measurements were taken of the noise levels, from which noise maps were drawn in different stages of the implementation of the road restructuring project called the Green Line. After calibration, a computational model was used to evaluate an operational scenario of the highway in the future. The results of the mappings were compared with reference noise emission values established by municipal legislation. The maps revealed the existence of noise pollution in the urban stretch of the federal highway in all the scenarios [L_Aeq > 65 dB(A)]. Efforts to control environmental noise in cities are aided by computational models for urban planning. These models are extremely helpful for environmental management and decision-making by public authorities for solutions to potential environmental risks, as is the case of urban noise.     

Easing the concept “Balanced Approach” to airports with densely busy surroundings – The case of Congonhas Airport

This paper presents the difficulties found in trying to apply the “Balanced Approach” concept of ICAO (UN-International Civil Aviation Organization) on the noise pollution mitigation at urban Brazilian airports using, as a case study, the Congonhas Airport. It has been discussed by means of alternative operating scenarios, how to make the concept more flexible, aiming to bring the benefit of any additional acoustic comfort, without diminishing the installed capacity and already limited for environmental reasons. The results show that there are conditions for improvement, since there are both awareness of all players involved and permanent and real-time noise monitoring, even if those mitigating measures are not reflected on the noise annoyance models currently adopted for the land use planning.     

Stochastic resonance in paramagnetic resonance systems

Experimental evidence of the stochastic resonance phenomenon in an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) system is reported. The amplitude and phase response of the EPR system operating in bistable conditions are measured for increasing values of the noise intensity. Theoretical predictions based on a simple dynamical model for the relevant system observables are shown to be in good agreement with experimental results.     

Performance of a snoring noise control system based on an active partition

This paper proposes an active partition that can be placed between a snorer and a non-snorer on a bed to reduce the snoring noise around the non-snorer ears by integrating a rigid finite size passive partition with a two channel active noise control system. The noise reduction performance of the passive partition on a bed with a headboard is studied first, where the effects of the height and the width of the partition are discussed. Due to the limited partition size, the attenuation for the low-frequency diffracted noise is not sufficient, so two loudspeakers are proposed to be installed on the partition as the secondary sources to increase the overall noise attenuation. Both numerical simulations and experiments are carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed integrated snoring noise control system, and the results show that the proposed active partition can achieve over 10 dB noise attenuation at non-snorer ears in the 1/3 octave bands from 80 to 1000 Hz.     

Noise figure and gain temperature dependent of praseodymium-doped fiber amplifier by using rate equations

A theoretical study of the temperature dependent noise effects of praseodymium-doped fiber amplifiers (PEDFAs) has been examined. The Pr³⁺-doped ZBLAN fiber amplifier pumped at 1017 nm and Pr³⁺-doped GeGa-sulfied fiber amplifier pumped at 1028 nm are chosen. The temperature-dependent rate and propagation equation related to four-level system consideration which is based on the population difference among amplification levels has been used. The population difference depends on pump and signal powers, Boltzman factor K_B, cross-sections, noise figure (NF) and Pr³⁺ concentration. The numerical results obtained over the temperature range from −20 °C to + 60 °C are used to present an analytical expression for the signal gain and noise figure effects in PDFAs length and noise figure with input pump power. The amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) has been taken into account.     

Pseudo-regular oscillations induced by external noise

An examination of the effect of noise on a general system at a saddle-node bifurcation has revealed that, in the limit of weak noise, the probability density of the time to pass through the saddle-node has a universal shape, the specific kinetics of the particular system serving only to set the time scale. This probability density is displayed and its salient features are explicated. In the case of a saddle-node bifurcation leading to relaxation oscillations, this analysis leads to the prediction of the existence of noise-induced oscillations which appear much less random than might at first be expected. The period of these oscillations has a well-defined, nonzero most probable value, the inverse of which is a noise-induced frequency. This frequency can be detected as a peak in power spectra from numerical simulations of such a system. This is the first case of the prediction and detection of a noise-induced frequency of which the authors are aware.