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1.
空间高分辨率CCD相机次镜支架最佳结构设计   总被引:8,自引:6,他引:2  
陈荣利  张禹康  樊学武  马臻  李英才 《光子学报》2004,33(10):1251-1254
根据某空间高分辨率CCD相机的结构设计方案,利用结构设计软件Solidedge建立了次镜支架的结构分析模型,并利用有限元分析软件Vnastran对不同结构和尺寸的次镜支架进行了动力学分析计算,提出了次镜支架的鼓型偏置式四翼梁结构.该结构具有较高一阶谐振频率和良好的机械加工性能,特别适合用于大口径的空间相机中.  相似文献   

2.
大型离轴三反空间相机前框架优化设计与试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了保证某离轴三反光学系统空间相机光机结构的高稳定性与高准确度,针对该光学系统中次镜、折叠镜组件轴向空间位置接近的特点,设计了次镜、折叠镜组件一体化的前框架结构,并提出了一种结合了自由模态与约束模态的拓扑优化方法来优化相机的前框架结构.将优化后的前框架模型带入整个相机,并对整机进行有限元分析.结果表明,光轴呈水平状态,次镜、折叠镜相对主镜的倾斜分别为9″与22.4″,次镜相对于主镜的偏心为0.021mm,均在光学系统公差要求范围内.此外,对前框架结构进行自由模态分析与试验,结果验证了优化方法的正确性.所提出的拓扑优化方法可以有效避免基于约束模态拓扑优化方法约束点之间不存在联系的缺陷,能够为高分辨、宽视场空间相机光机结构的设计提供参考.  相似文献   

3.
空间同轴三反相机前镜身结构支撑相机的主、次镜,影响相机的成像性能和稳定性,是光学系统的敏感环节.针对长焦距空间同轴三反相机光学系统,为了获得刚性好、温度稳定性好的前镜身结构,本文从殷钢、碳纤维这二种低膨胀系数、高刚度的结构材料进行了优选,通过有限元分析比较,选择力学特性更好、重量更轻的碳纤维复合材料;通过力学特性和光学...  相似文献   

4.
空间相机光机结构导热特性分析与计算   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
对空间相机进行热光学分析,必须掌握相机的非稳态温度场和热致位移场。要计算温度场,必须对其光机结构的热特性有一定的了解。对空间相机的各个主要光学组件( 前、后组校正镜组、球面与平面反射镜、窗口玻璃组件) 建立简化传热模型,进行等效热阻计算,给出了它们的温差表达式,分析了各镜组件的导热特性,为热光学分析的温度场计算工作提供条件。  相似文献   

5.
颜健  田勇  刘永祥  彭佑多 《光学学报》2022,42(5):179-186
针对吉林一号某轻型空间遥感相机的任务需求,以碳纤维复合材料的薄壁筒与桁架杆一体式成型为设计思路,基于拓扑优化、尺寸优化以及铺层优化设计了一种高稳定性的次镜支撑结构。工程分析和实验结果表明一体式碳纤维次镜支撑结构具有较好的结构稳定性,整体质量仅为1.3 kg,其在轨成像质量良好,这进一步验证了一体式碳纤维次镜支撑结构的可靠性和设计方法的正确性。  相似文献   

6.
为满足空间相机成像质量的要求,设计了一种热控调焦机构来修正离焦量.首先,根据光学系统确定调焦方式,并通过驱动次镜沿光轴方向移动的方式设计了调焦机构,该结构占用空间小且质量较轻.然后,根据调焦需求,选取热膨胀系数较高的铝作为主要材料,采用在镜座背面贴加热片等措施保证次镜在恒温下工作,并通过有限元方法对调焦机构性能进行了建模分析.最后,对调焦机构工作状态进行分析验证,利用Zernike多项式对其工作时所产生温度变化引起的镜面变形进行拟合,把变形后的面形输入到Zemax软件中,以调制传递函数作为光学系统成像质量评价指标,分析了调焦机构在正常工作时次镜面形变化对相机成像质量的影响.结果表明,调焦机构符合设计指标,且工作时次镜面形的变化对光学系统成像质量的影响可以忽略,与传统调焦机构相比,具有质量轻、结构简单等优点.  相似文献   

7.
设计并研制了碳纤维复合材料主次镜连接筒.根据光学设计中的公差分配,结合复合材料层合板理论,分析了复合材料铺层设计对面内刚度和轴向及周向热膨胀系数的影响,确定了最终的铺层方式.利用有限元软件分析了重力作用下及温度变化时主次镜间的位置变化及连接筒的模态分布.最后,完成了碳纤维复合材料薄壁连接筒的成型和精加工,检测了主次镜系统光学性能,并对装配完成后的相机进行了鉴定级力学试验.分析结果表明:在1g重力载荷及2℃温升耦合作用下,次镜偏心小于0.002mm,次镜倾斜小于2″,主次镜连接筒及次镜系统组合体基频达到265Hz,满足光学设计要求和结构稳定性要求.光学性能检测结果及力学试验结果表明,主次镜系统波像差满足装配要求,主次镜连接筒能够承受鉴定级力学试验考核,连接主次镜的两端响应放大仅1.7倍,体现了良好的阻尼性能.本文中研制的主次镜连接筒重量仅为6.4kg,实现了高轻量化和高刚度,满足空间相机对主次镜位置精度和稳定性的要求.  相似文献   

8.
吴芳  茅健  周玉凤  李情 《应用声学》2017,25(7):206-208, 229
相机标定技术是结构光三维视觉测量的关键技术之一,结构光系统的相机标定的精度对三维测量的精度有很大影响。首先对三线结构光系统图的相机标定方法进行了分析,简单介绍了工业相机成像的几何模型及标定的原理;其次利用Harris角点检测方法提取特征点坐标,并选用了BP神经网络来校正工业相机的畸变模型,以提高标定算法的优化速度和标定精度;最后采用张正友的平面标定法对校正后的摄像机模型进行标定实验,由实验结果知,该方法具有一定的准确性和有效性,在一定误差范围内,基于神经网络畸变校正的张正友相机标定能够有效提高视觉检测的精度。  相似文献   

9.
分析了影响转镜扫描相机时间分辨率的各种因素,给出了极限时间分辨率和基于相机动态摄影分辨率计算的时间分辨率的理论计算公式和结果。结合国内普遍使用的SJZ-15型转镜扫描相机,用自研设备动态像质检查仪和100ps超短脉冲激光照明两种测试方法,计算出了该相机钢转镜和铍转镜在不同转速下的实测时间分辨率值,并对数据进行了分析、比对和讨论。实测数据表明:钢转镜的转速为12×104 r/min,其最高时间分辨率约为8ns;铍转镜的实用最高转速为30×104 r/min,其最高时间分辨率约为4ns。  相似文献   

10.
四翼梁式次镜支撑结构的研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
为了优化大型望远镜次镜支撑结构的静力学和动力学性能,采用有限元分析的方法,计算了次镜支座最大变形与次镜支座的偏置角、四翼梁叶片厚度的关系;分析了四翼梁结构的频率与叶片偏置角的关系.分析证明当次镜支座偏置一定角度时能改善结构的静力学性能;当相对的两片叶片从直径线上错开一定的距离,对提高望远镜的谐振频率是十分有利的,在两者之间综合取舍确定了四翼梁的优化形式.分析结果表明,优化后的四翼梁结构的静力学和动力学性能均有提高.  相似文献   

11.
A recently reported design of a hybrid vibration absorber (HVA) which is optimized to suppress resonant vibration of a single degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system is re-optimized for suppressing wide frequency band vibration of the SDOF system under stationary random force excitation. The proposed HVA makes use of the feedback signals from the displacement and velocity of the absorber mass for minimizing the vibration response of the dynamic structure based on the H2 optimization criterion. The objective of the optimal design is to minimize the mean square vibration amplitude of a dynamic structure under a wideband excitation, i.e., the total area under the vibration response spectrum is minimized in this criterion. One of the inherent limitations of the traditional passive vibration absorber is that its vibration suppression is low if the mass ratio between the absorber mass and the mass of the primary structure is low. The active element of the proposed HVA helps further reduce the vibration of the controlled structure and it can provide significant vibration absorption performance even at a low mass ratio. Both the passive and active elements are optimized together for the minimization of the mean square vibration amplitude of the primary system. The proposed HVA are tested on a SDOF system and continuous vibrating structures with comparisons to the traditional passive vibration absorber.  相似文献   

12.
An optimal design of a hybrid vibration absorber (HVA) with a displacement and a velocity feedback for minimizing the velocity response of the structure based on the H(2) optimization criterion is proposed. The objective of the optimal design is to reduce the total vibration energy of the vibrating structure under wideband excitation, i.e., the total area under the velocity response spectrum is minimized in this criterion. One of the inherent limitations of the traditional passive vibration absorber is that its vibration suppression is low if the mass ratio between the absorber mass and the mass of the primary structure is low. The active element of the proposed HVA helps further reduce the vibration of the controlled structure, and it can provide very good vibration absorption performance even at a low mass ratio. Both the passive and active elements are optimized together for the minimization of the mean square velocity of the primary system as well as the active force required in the HVA. The proposed HVA was tested on single degree-of-freedom (SDOF) and continuous vibrating structures and compared to the traditional passive vibration absorber.  相似文献   

13.
高瞻  周仁魁 《光子学报》1996,25(7):654-658
本文利用有限单元法对干涉光谱仪精密动镜驱动装置进行了分析,得到了该装置的固有频率和主振型。  相似文献   

14.
This paper presents the implementation of autoparametric phenomena to reduce the symmetrical vibration of a curved beam/panel under external harmonic excitation. The internal energy transfer of a first symmetric mode into first anti-symmetric mode in a curved panel is one example of autoparametric vibration absorber effect. This is similar to the vibration energy transfer from the resonance of a primary structure to the resonance of a secondary spring–mass (tuned mass damper). The nonlinear response of a curved beam is analyzed using an equation with two modes, and a shaker test. The effect of different configurations of the curve beam/panel, including damping ratios and excitation levels, on the energy transfer of the first symmetric mode to the first anti-symmetric mode was studied.The conventional tuned mass damper (TMD) can reduce the resonance response by energy transfer using damping dissipation, whereas an autoparametric vibration absorber (AVA) can reduce the resonance response by energy transfer using parametric interaction. The results indicate that there is a non-absorption region in which vibration is amplified. For the AVA, the non-absorption region can be minimized by tuning the resonance frequency of the first anti-symmetric mode to half of the first symmetric mode resonance frequency using additional mass. No additional damping material is required for achieving sufficient vibration reduction. The AVA can maintain reliable performance in hot and corrosive environments where damping material cannot perform effectively. This paper presents the first successful experimental results of an autoparametric vibration absorption mechanism in a curved beam.  相似文献   

15.
A design method is proposed to suppress stationary random vibration in flexible structures using a hybrid vibration absorber (HVA). While the traditional vibration absorber can damp down the vibration mainly at the pre-tuned mode of the primary structure, active damping is generated by the proposed HVA to damp down all resonant modes of interest of the vibrating structure and the spatial average mean square motion of the vibrating structure can be minimized. Only one absorber and one feedback signal are required to achieve global vibration suppression of a flexible structure under stationary random excitation. A special pole-placement controller is designed such that all vibration modes of the flexible structures become critically damped. It is proved analytically that the proposed HVA damps the vibration of the entire structure instead of just the attachment point of the absorber. The proposed optimized HVA is tested on a beam structure and it shows a superior performance on global suppression of broadband vibration in comparison to other published designs of passive and hybrid vibration absorbers.  相似文献   

16.
A system consisting of a primary structure coupled with a passive tuned vibration absorber is experimentally studied. The primary structure consists of four flexible columns with a mass, while the absorber consists of a beam with a tip-mass. The system, which is a coupled non-linear oscillator, is subjected to sinusoidal and random excitation. The effects of the forcing frequency, forcing amplitude, mass ratios and frequency ratios on the displacement response of the system in the neighborhood of the autoparametric region are studied. Control parameters related to effectiveness of the absorber are determined. The objective of this study is to experimentally define an absorption region for the passive vibration absorber and to determine the parameters that influence the effectiveness of the vibration absorber.  相似文献   

17.
In a single degree-of-freedom weakly nonlinear oscillator subjected to periodic external excitation, a small-amplitude excitation may produce a relatively large-amplitude response under primary resonance conditions. Jump and hysteresis phenomena that result from saddle-node bifurcations may occur in the steady-state response of the forced nonlinear oscillator. A simple mass-spring-damper vibration absorber is thus employed to suppress the nonlinear vibrations of the forced nonlinear oscillator for the primary resonance conditions. The values of the spring stiffness and mass of the vibration absorber are significantly lower than their counterpart of the forced nonlinear oscillator. Vibrational energy of the forced nonlinear oscillator is transferred to the attached light mass through linked spring and damper. As a result, the nonlinear vibrations of the forced oscillator are greatly reduced and the vibrations of the absorber are significant. The method of multiple scales is used to obtain the averaged equations that determine the amplitude and phases of the first-order approximate solutions to primary resonance vibrations of the forced nonlinear oscillator. Illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness of the dynamic vibration absorber for suppressing primary resonance vibrations. The effects of the linked spring and damper and the attached mass on the reduction of nonlinear vibrations are studied with the help of frequency response curves, the attenuation ratio of response amplitude and the desensitisation ratio of the critical amplitude of excitation.  相似文献   

18.
A dynamic vibration absorber is effective in suppressing harmonic excitation by tuning its natural frequency to match the excitation frequency. The rotational pendulum absorber (RPA) has a wide-range of natural frequencies that are continuously tunable by setting a suitable rotational speed. In this paper it is shown how to automatically tune the rotational speed of a two-degree-of-freedom RPA by detecting the phase between the vibration of the primary structure and that of the RPA. For this purpose the speed response of the RPA is introduced in addition to the frequency response. It is seen that if the excitation frequency is above a critical value dependent on the parameters of the RPA, the second vibration mode of the RPA is effective, allowing a relatively low rotational speed for the pendulums. The speed tuning algorithm is tested on a flexible plate that is subject to excitations of around 80 Hz, which do not generate visible oscillations but emit audible noise instead. Experimental results confirm the noise-level reduction effect of the RPA.  相似文献   

19.
A mass–spring–damper system is at the core of both a vibration absorber and a harvester of energy from ambient vibrations. If such a device is attached to a structure that has a high impedance, then it will have very little effect on the vibrations of the structure, but it can be used to convert mechanical vibrations into electrical energy (act as an energy harvester). However, if the same device is attached to a structure that has a relatively low impedance, then the device may attenuate the vibrations as it may act as both a vibration absorber and an energy harvester simultaneously. In this paper such a device is discussed. Two situations are considered; the first is when the structure is excited with broadband random excitation and the second is when the structure is excited by a single frequency. The optimum parameters of the device for both energy harvesting and vibration attenuation are discussed for these two cases. For random excitation it is found that if the device is optimized for vibration suppression, then this is also adequate for maximizing the energy absorbed (harvested), and thus a single device can effectively suppress vibration and harvest energy at the same time. For single frequency excitation this is found not to be the case. To maximize the energy harvested, the natural frequency of the system (host structure and absorber) has to coincide with the forcing frequency, but to minimize vibration of the host structure, the natural frequency of the absorber has to coincide with the forcing frequency. In this case, therefore, a single resonator cannot effectively suppress vibration and harvest energy at the same time.  相似文献   

20.
介绍了基础激励下机构随机振动响应的理论与分析方法.利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了某空间望远镜相关跟踪系统摆镜的有限元模型,并进行了随机振动响应分析.通过分析考察了其承受动力学环境的能力.对计算结果进行了分析.指出了现有结构中的薄弱环节,提出了改进方案,为摆镜的设计提供了重要参考依据.  相似文献   

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