基于椭圆超腔的高亮度激光同步辐射分析

提出了一种椭圆超腔,计算了椭圆超腔焦点处的光强,讨论了基于椭圆超腔技术的激光同步辐射的光子产额和辐射功率.结果发现:当椭圆超腔镜壁的反射率为99·99%时,椭圆超腔焦点处的光强可以达到入射光强I0的5000倍;利用3·5GeV电子束与在椭圆超腔焦点处的激光束垂直散射可以获得能量10·975MeV的高亮度γ射线,其光子产额和辐射功率将比电子束与单束激光垂直散射时产生的光子产额和辐射功率高2·5×107倍.     

利用康普顿散射实现太赫兹皮秒脉冲的分析

 研究了利用微波与电子束团的康普顿散射实现太赫兹的方法、光子产额和辐射功率。推导出了单个电子产生的太赫兹的光子产额和辐射功率表达式,也推导出了电子束团产生的太赫兹的光子总产额和辐射总功率表达式。结果发现：利用微波与电子束团发生康普顿垂直散射,可以产生太赫兹皮秒脉冲;单个电子产生的太赫兹光子产额与微波功率、微波波长成正比,与微波束截面积成反比;单个电子产生的太赫兹辐射功率与微波功率、电子Lorentz因子的平方成正比,与微波束截面积成反比;电子束团产生的太赫兹光子总产额与微波功率的平方、微波波长的平方成正比,与微波束截面积的平方成反比;电子束团产生的太赫兹辐射总功率与微波功率的平方、微波波长以及电子Lorentz因子的平方成正比,与微波束截面积的平方成反比。     

利用虚光子理论对轴沟道辐射的分析

 考虑电子的反冲的影响，利用虚光子与相对论电子的康普顿散射理论对轴沟道辐射进行了研究。在与电子纵向运动静止的坐标系中，把晶格场等效为虚光子。当虚光子与作沟道运动的电子发生康普顿散射时，虚光子就会转化为实光子辐射出去。根据该理论，得到了含有康普顿波长项的轴沟道辐射的精确波长表达式，其近似式就是经典理论推导的公式；同时得到了单电子轴沟道辐射的光子产额和辐射功率的公式，结果也与经典理论公式一致。     

激光在海洋型气溶胶中传输的蒙特卡罗模拟

激光在海洋大气中传输时,由于海洋型气溶胶的散射和吸收,激光能量会不断衰减,影响激光系统的作用效能。基于蒙特卡罗方法,研究了传播距离、能见度和激光束初始均方根半径对到达接收平面处光子空间分布的影响。研究表明,随着传播距离的增加,到达接收平面光子数呈近似线性减少的趋势;随着能见度的增加,到达接收平面光子数一开始迅速增加,然后趋于稳定;随着激光束初始均方根半径的增加,到达接收平面光子数一开始变化不大,然后缓慢减少。此外,在上述几种情形下,均未发现光子空间分布对高斯分布的偏离。研究结果可为分析海洋大气环境对激光器作用效能的影响提供理论依据。     

康普顿效应中电子-光子碰撞过程的研究

康普顿散射公式中光子波长的连续变化与光量子假说在表面上存在着不一致.为此文章分析了康普顿效应中电子和光子的碰撞过程,指出康普顿散射光子波长的连续变化可以通过自由电子连续的“虚光子吸收”和“虚光子发射”过程来加以说明.     

利用虚光子散射对回旋脉塞自发辐射的分析

利用电磁场变换分析了带电粒子在磁场中的螺旋运动,基于康普顿散射理论和多普勒公式分析了虚光子与带电粒子的康普顿散射,并推导了在磁场中做螺旋运动的带电粒子的自发辐射波长公式.结果表明,当带电粒子在回旋脉塞的磁场中作螺旋运动时,在粒子静止系中可以观察到运动的周期性变化电场和磁场,即运动的虚光子.通过与带电粒子发生康普顿散射,虚光子能够转化为实光子辐射出去.     

飞秒激光驱动纳米多孔靶产生X射线转化效率实验研究

利用多孔结构原理,研制了厚度为100 m、孔隙率为70%的纳米多孔铜靶,密度比为固体铜的30%。实验在中国工程物理研究院星光Ⅲ激光装置飞秒激光束上进行,激光功率密度大于1.61018 W/cm2,脉宽为30 fs。利用16 bit单光子CCD获取了X射线能谱,测得铜K线光子产额为2.9108 photonsr-1s-1,转换效率为0.008 38%。与压制加工的平面Cu靶相比,多孔结构靶的X射线产额约为平面靶的1.8倍,表明纳米多孔结构能够有效增强飞秒激光能量吸收,提高超热电子和X射线转化效率。     

激光-电子康普顿散射物理特性研究

对激光-电子康普顿散射物理特性即能量特性和微分截面角分布进行了仔细的研究.计算结果显示出光子能量和微分截面角分布的简单结构.康普顿散射X射线光源具有散射光子的能量易调节、方向性好等特点.在入射电子束能量很高时,X射线近乎单向出射.光源色散度较大,但实验上可以获得色散（带宽）小的X射线.对于各种波长的激光,在很宽的电子束能量范围（1 MeV—10 GeV）内,散射X射线光子的总截面和前向发射圆锥内（半圆锥角1/γ,其中γ=E/m₀ 关键词： 康普顿散射 能量特性 微分截面 角分布     

飞秒激光驱动X射线源中超热电子与靶相互作用研究

飞秒激光与靶相互作用产生超热电子,随后超热电子与靶原子碰撞,通过kα、kβ等散射过程,可辐射高亮度、飞秒级X射线,在原子与分子物理、生物及医学等领域均有广泛的应用前景.论文首先对飞秒激光驱动X射线源的发展进行简要叙述,然后对X射线源中的超热电子与靶相互作用进行研究.超热电子的产生由靶材对光脉冲的非碰撞吸收机制决定,X射线的产生由超热电子决定.研究超热电子、靶参数对X射线产额的影响,确定最佳参数值,可指导驱动激光脉冲参数的选择,以获得更大的X射线光子产额.使用蒙特卡洛模拟方法可研究超热电子动能及入射角、靶材(Cu靶)厚度对靶材上、下表面X射线辐射光子产额的影响,分析确定最佳超热电子动能及最佳靶厚.驱动激光强度与超热电子动能的定标关系表明：需要合理选择驱动激光参数,使真空加热机制主导超热电子产生过程,以在合适的激光脉冲强度下获得最大X射线光子产额.     

基于波长330nm激光激发多色激光导星回波光子数的数值计算与探讨

采用无模激光器发射波长为330 nm的激光激发多色激光导星,需要考虑脉冲激光重频率、激光带宽、激光初始光斑直径以及大气透过率对回波光子数的影响.通过数值模拟,计算了高斯光束的脉冲激光和连续激光激发多色激光导星在实际大气中后向辐射330 nm和2207 nm波长的回波光子数.数值计算结果表明,在垂直发射和接收的情况下,当到达大气中间层的激光能量为1 W时,连续激光能够获得更多的回波光子数,并且回波光子数几乎无起伏.对于脉冲激光,提高脉冲激光重频率达到50 kHz以上时,多色激光导星330 nm的回波光子数随脉冲重频率的增加趋于有限值;当大气能见度小于5 km且大气相干长度为12.8 cm时,大约需要34 W以上的激光发射能量,才能获得满足使用自然星全倾斜探测的330 nm回波光子数.对于连续激光,相同情况下,大约需要20 W以上的激光发射能量.     

Numerical calculation of the reflection, absorption, andtransmission of microwaves by a nonuniform plasma slab

The reflection, absorption, and transmission of microwaves by a magnetized, steady-state, two-dimensional, nonuniform plasma slab is studied. A discussion on the effect of various plasma parameters on the reflected power, absorbed power, and transmitted power is presented. The nonuniform plasma slab is modeled by a series of subslabs. Even though it is assumed that the number density is constant in each subslab, the overall number density profile across the whole slab follows a parabolic function. The partial reflection coefficient at each subslab boundary is computed along with the absorption at each subslab. The total reflected, absorbed, and transmitted powers are then deduced and their functional dependence on the number density, collision frequency, and angle of propagation is studied     

Nonlinear selective reflection spectroscopy of V‐type atomic system at the gas‐solid interface

We theoretically present the nonlinear selective reflection spectroscopy of V‐type atomic system at gas‐solid interface in a pump‐probe scheme. The saturation and coherence effects are distinguished by solving Liouville equation in the absence and presence of reduced density matrix element between the two excited levels. When the coherence effect exists, two peaks appear in reflection spectroscopy with asymmetry lineshape. We investigate the dependence of reflection spectroscopy on pump field intensity, frequency detuning and coherent decay rate induced by collision between atoms. The lineshape can be explained based on reflection spectroscopy contributed from atoms with negative (before collision) and positive (after collision) velocities, single‐photon and two‐photon processes. This study is helpful for investigating quantum coherence and dynamic processes of atoms at gas‐solid interface.     

A theory of Doppler and binary collision broadening by foreign gases—I: Formal theory

The quantum theory of combined Doppler and foreign gas pressure broadening at the binary collision level is developed from the point of view of statistical mechanics. A kinetic equation is first derived which is linearized in the radiation field. For line-broadening purposes, this equation is reduced to a steady-state equation for collisions localized in position space. The equation takes into account the effects of photon recoil momentum, binary collision correlations, collisions of finite duration and line-coupling.     

光子计数成像研究

从APD阵列的响应特性出发,利用随机点的统计学描述,建立了光子计数成像的一维点过程数学模型。通过对光子事件发生时间统计特性的描述,分析了光子密度、门控时间、雪崩光电二极管恢复时间等因素对光子计数成像质量的影响。并采用蒙特卡罗方法,对近红外波段不同光子密度条件下多种计数间隔的成像质量进行了仿真,给出了仿真结果。     

Diffractive meson production from virtual photons with odd charge-parity exchange

We calculate the cross section of diffractive charge-parity neutral meson production in virtual photon proton collision at high energies. Due to the opposite -parities of photon and meson () this process probes the -channel odderon exchange which is described here as noninteracting three–gluon exchange. Estimates for the cross section of inelastic diffractive process are presented. The total cross section of diffractive meson photoproduction is found to be 47 pb. The cross sections for the diffractive production of light mesons () in collisions are of the same order if the photon virtuality is . Received: 30 July 1997     

瞬变等离子体微波诊断初步研究

采用微波诊断技术对气压300 Pa,S波段HPM条件下形成的低温、弱电离、非均匀和强碰撞大气等离子体特性参数开展了初步诊断研究。获取了9~15 GHz连续波穿过HPM等离子体区域的透射波形,并对波形进行了归一化处理;通过不同频率微波的透射特性,假设等离子体电子数密度分布呈Epstein分布,分析了可能的电子数密度最大值。该研究成果的获取为HPM大气等离子体在隐身、阻断信息链等方面的应用提供了重要的技术支撑。     

Emission spectrum of intraband luminescence for single parabolic band under excitation of wide-band-gap insulators by ionizing radiation and particles

Emission spectrum and intensity of picosecond intraband luminescence for single parabolic band approximation of electron conduction band in insulating crystals are calculated. It is shown that the spectral intensity of this intraband emission increases approximately as (?ω)^?1/2 with decrease in photon energy, while the spectral density of photons increases as (?ω)^?3/2. The intensity of this emission is inversely proportional to the longitudinal optical phonon frequency. The total emission yield in this approximation is low, less than 10 photons in the spectral window of silicon photomultipliers per MeV of ionizing particle energy.     

未被俘获电子对多光子非线性Compton散射能量转换效率的影响

 应用单粒子理论和电子与光子非弹性碰撞模型，研究了未被俘获电子对多光子非线性Compton散射能量转换效率的影响。结果表明，未被俘获电子使该散射的频谱展宽随入射电子速度和与电子同时作用的光子数的增大而增大，随电子与光子非弹性碰撞成分的增大而减小，从而使能量转换效率近乎与电子入射速度正比降低。用低能电子入射，能有效地减小这种损失。     

基于舰船尾流激光雷达的Monte Carlo模型及方差消减方法研究

对舰船尾流激光散射机理及探测过程的数值模拟是研究舰船尾流激光探测与制导的重要基础.首先分析了Monte Carlo方法引入到尾流激光雷达数值模拟领域研究的可行性.结合自行研制的尾流激光雷达实际参数,建立了尾流激光探测的Monte Carlo数值仿真模型.通过对仿真结果进行统计,深入剖析了仿真结果方差大及光子利用率低等问题的成因.为解决该问题,基于有偏采样理论和分裂-轮盘赌基本原理提出了接收光学视场内光子强行碰撞方法和以光子自由程总长度为准则的光子分裂方法,并进行了两方法的融合.仿真与实验结果的对比分析表明,提出的模型仿真结果与实验数据符合较好,验证了模型的正确性;提出的接收光学视场内光子强行碰撞方法和光子分裂方法能有效减小方差并提高光子利用率;解决了Monte Carlo方法引入到尾流激光雷达模拟过程中的适用性问题.     

Drag effect of one-dimensional electrons upon photoionization of D<Superscript>(−)</Superscript> centers in a longitudinal magnetic field

A theory is elaborated for the impurity photon drag effect in a semiconductor quantum wire exposed to a longitudinal magnetic field B directed along the axis of the quantum wire. The phonon drag effect is associated with the transfer of the longitudinal photon momentum to localized electrons in optical transitions from D^(?) states to hybrid-quantized states of the quantum wire, which is described by a confinement parabolic potential. An analytical expression for the drag current density is derived within the model of a zero-range potential in the effective mass approximation, and the spectral dependence of the drag current density is examined at different magnitudes of B and parameters of the quantum wire upon electron scattering by a system of impurities with short-range potentials. It is established that the spectral dependence of the drag current density exhibits a Zeeman doublet with a clear beak-shaped peak due to optical transitions of electrons from D^(?) states to states with the magnetic quantum number m=1. The possibility of using the photon drag effect in a longitudinal magnetic field for the development of laser radiation detectors is analyzed.