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1.
The vibrational structure of the electronic state of C3 in the region 26 000-30 775 cm−1 has been re-examined, using laser excitation spectra of jet-cooled molecules. Rotational constants and vibrational energies have been determined for over 60 previously-unreported vibronic levels; a number of other levels have been re-assigned. The vibrational structure is complicated by interactions between levels of the upper and lower Born-Oppenheimer components of the state, and by the effects of the double minimum potential in the Q3 coordinate, recognized by Izuha and Yamanouchi [16]. The present work shows that there is also strong anharmonic resonance between the overtones of the ν1 and ν3 vibrations. For instance, the levels 2 1+ 1 and 0 1 + 3 are nearly degenerate in zero order, but as a result of the resonance they give rise to two levels 139 cm−1 apart, centered about the expected position of the 2 1+ 1 level. With these irregularities recognized, every observed vibrational level up to 30 000 cm−1 (a vibrational energy of over 5000 cm−1) can now be assigned. A vibronic level at 30181.4 cm−1, which has a much lower B′ rotational constant than nearby levels of the state, possibly represents the onset of vibronic perturbations by the electronic state; this state is so far unknown, but is predicted by the ab initio calculations of Ahmed et al. [36].  相似文献   

2.
The high-resolution infrared spectrum of deuterated fluoroform (DCF3) was studied in the 700 and 1200 cm−1 regions, with the aim of assigning and analyzing the ν4 CF3 asymmetric stretching vibration. The Fermi-type anharmonic coupling between the ν4 = 1 and ν3 = ν6 = 1 rovibrational levels, already mentioned in an early work of Ruoff et al. [Spectrochimica Acta Part A 31A (1975) 1099-1100], was studied here for the first time under high resolution. Assignments in the ν3 + ν6/ν4 band system were confirmed and extended by the identification of the ν3 + ν6 − ν6 and ν4-ν6 bands in the 700 cm−1 region, the latter being enhanced near the Fermi crossings of the studied levels. Data from both the hot and difference bands were included in the analysis. The close separation of the studied vibrational levels of about 14.8 cm−1 produces a large variety of resonance crossings which involve levels with . Besides the Fermi () and Coriolis () resonances, they were accounted for by inclusion of additional higher-order ( and ) interaction terms between the vibrational states. The least-squares fit of more that 16,000 vibration-rotation transitions provides a quantitative reproduction of data in all bands.  相似文献   

3.
High-resolution Fourier transform infrared spectrum of was recorded and analyzed in the region of the second hexade . More than 1700 transitions were assigned to the 2ν1 + ν2, ν1 + ν2 + ν3, ν1 + 3ν2, 3ν2 + ν3, 5ν2, and ν2 + 2ν3 bands with the maximum value of quantum number J equal to 18, 18, 13, 11, 13, and 9, respectively. The theoretical analysis was fulfilled with a Hamiltonian model which takes into account numerous resonance interactions between all the vibrational states in this polyad. By a least-square fitting, finally 505 upper energy levels were reproduced by 80 parameters with an rms deviation of 0.0019 cm−1.  相似文献   

4.
We report the first high resolution rovibrational analysis of the infrared spectrum of pyrimidine (C4H4N2) based on measurements using our Fourier transform spectrometer, the Bruker IFS 125 HR Zürich Prototype (ZP) 2001. Measurements were conducted at room temperature in a White-type cell with effective optical path lengths between 3.2 and 9.6 m and with resolutions ranging from 0.0008 to 0.0018 cm−1 in the region between 600 and 1000 cm−1. The spectrum was analyzed in the ν4 (), ν10b () and ν6b regions of pyrimidine () using an effective Hamiltonian. A total of about 15 000 rovibrational transitions were assigned. The root mean square deviations of the fitted data are in the ranges drms = 0.00018-0.00024 cm−1, indicating an excellent agreement of experimental line data with the calculations. The results are discussed briefly in relation to possible extensions to spectra of DNA bases and to intramolecular vibrational redistribution at higher energy. The analysis of the ν10b and ν4 bands will also be useful in the interstellar search for pyrimidine in the infrared region.  相似文献   

5.
In a recent theoretical paper, vibrational frequencies were reported for CBrCl in the and à states. These values agree well with our previously published experimental frequencies, except in the case of , where the theoretical value of 968.3 cm−1 is significantly higher than the experimental value of 712.6 cm−1. This discrepancy prompted a re-examination of the assignments for transitions involving ν1 in the laser induced fluorescence spectrum. If the progression ν1 + 2 has the assignment of n reduced by 1 (the origin is not observed), a new experimental value of results. The close accord with the theoretical value lends weight to this re-assignment. Consequently we propose that the experimental frequency be changed to .  相似文献   

6.
High-resolution infrared spectra of boron trifluoride, enriched to 99.5 at. % 11B, have been measured from 400 to 1650 cm−1. In that region we have identified and analyzed 16 absorption bands attributed to the three fundamental bands, two combination bands, 10 hot bands, and one difference band. All possible states were accessed in this region through direct transitions either from the ground state or as hot bands from thermally populated levels. The spectral resolution of the measurements varied from 0.0015 to 0.0020 cm−1. An improved set of ground state rotational constants and rovibrational constants for the infrared-active fundamental vibrations have been determined from over 32 000 assigned transitions. This study resulted in the first direct characterization of the infrared-inactive ν1 state of 11BF3 leading to values for ν1, , and of 885.843205(24), 0.000678548(53), and 0.000337564(66) cm−1, respectively. The Fermi resonance perturbation between the E′ states ν3 and 3ν4 (l = ±1) was further elucidated by observation of hot band transitions to both the 3ν4 (l = ±1) and 3ν4 (l = ±3) states. Several other resonances were also found including the weak rotational interaction, between the state 2ν2 and the E′ state of ν1 + ν4.  相似文献   

7.
The high resolution infrared spectrum of the mono-isotopic species F35Cl16O3 has been studied in the region of the 2ν4 overtone, from 2560 to 2680 cm−1. The perpendicular component is strong and clearly observed while the parallel component is very weak and almost completely hidden by the perpendicular one. Their origins differ by 12.6 cm−1, the being located at higher wavenumbers. The band is perturbed by the anharmonic interaction between the v4 = 2, l4 = ?2 and v2 = v4 = v5 = 1, l4 = l5 = ±1 excited states, both of E symmetry. In total 3157 transitions have been assigned, 83% of these to , 12% to , and 5% to . The three bands have been analyzed simultaneously, taking into account the Fermi resonance effective between the excited states of E symmetry. The ro-vibration parameters of the excited states have been obtained, including the deperturbed band origins of and , at 2628.5890(4) and 2619.3342(5) cm−1, respectively. The W245 anharmonic constant is equal to 4.0161(4) cm−1. The x44+g44 and x24+x45+g45 anharmonicity constants have been derived from the obtained band origins and those of ν4 and ν2 + ν5.  相似文献   

8.
The Fourier transform infrared gas-phase spectrum of thiazole, C3H3NS, has been recorded in the 600-1400 cm−1 wavenumber region with a resolution around 0.0030 cm−1. Nine fundamental bands (ν5(A′) to ν11(A′), ν15(A″), and ν16(A″)) are analysed employing the Watson model. Ground-state rotational and quartic centrifugal distortion constants as well as upper state spectroscopic constants have been obtained from the fits. A detailed analysis of perturbations identified in the ν11(A′) band at 866.5 cm−1 enables a definitive location of the very weak ν10(A′) and ν14(A″) bands at 879.3 and 888.7 cm−1, respectively. The three levels are analysed simultaneously by a model including Coriolis resonance using an ab initio predicted first order c-Coriolis coupling constant; second and higher order Coriolis parameters are determined. Qualitative explanations in terms of Coriolis resonances are given for a number of crossings observed in ν5(A′), ν6(A′), and ν7(A′) at 1383.7, 1325.8, and 1240.5 cm−1, respectively. The rotational constants, anharmonic frequencies, and vibration-rotation constants (alphas, ) calculated by quantum chemical calculations using a cc-pVTZ and TZ2P basis with B3LYP methodology, have been compared with the present experimental data. The rotation constant differences for each vibrational state, from the ground state values, are closer to experiment from the TZ2P calculations relative to those using cc-pVTZ. The values for ΔJ, ΔJK, ΔK, δJ, and δK are close to experiment with both basis sets.  相似文献   

9.
The Fourier transform gas-phase IR spectrum of oxazole, C3H3NO, has been recorded with a resolution of ca. 0.0030 cm−1 in the wavenumber region 600-1400 cm−1. The rotational structures of 10 fundamental bands (four of a-type, three of b-type and three of c-type) have been analysed using the Watson model. Ground state rotational and quartic centrifugal distortion constants as well as upper state spectroscopic constants have been obtained from the fits. A number of perturbations have been identified in the bands. From a local crossing observed in ν15 we located the very weak ν14 band at 858.19(1) cm−1. Also ν13 is definitively located at 899.3 cm−1. The three global c-Coriolis interacting dyads ν9/ν10, ν10/ν11, and ν12/ν13 have each been analysed by a model including first and second order Coriolis resonance using ab initio predicted first order Coriolis coupling constants; second order Coriolis interaction parameters are determined. The rotational constants, harmonic and anharmonic frequencies, intensities, and vibration-rotation constants (alphas, ) have been predicted by quantum chemical calculations using a cc-pVTZ basis at the MP2 and B3LYP methodology levels, and compared with the present experimental data. Both the rotational constants and frequencies are marginally closer to experiment from the B3LYP calculations. In order to make more significant comparisons between theory and experiment for the alphas, we take differences between ground and vibronic state values; under these circumstances, the B3LYP definitely have a closer fit to experiment.  相似文献   

10.
The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of gaseous thiophene, C4H4S, has been recorded in the 600-1200 cm−1 spectral region with a resolution of ca. 0.0030 cm−1. Five fundamental bands ν13 (B1, 712.1 cm−1), ν7 (A1; 840.0 cm−1), ν6 (A1; 1036.4 cm−1), ν5 (A1; 1081.5 cm−1) and ν19 (B2; 1084.0 cm−1) have been analysed by the standard Watson model (A-reduction). Ground state rotational and quartic centrifugal distortion constants have been obtained from a simultaneous fit of ground state combination differences from four of these bands and previous microwave transitions. Upper state spectroscopic constants have been obtained for all five bands from single band fits using the Watson model. A strong c-Coriolis resonance perturbs the close lying ν5 and ν19 bands. We have analysed this dyad system by a model including first and second order Coriolis resonance using the theoretically predicted Coriolis coupling constant . From this analysis we locate the previously unobserved ν19 band at 1083.969 cm−1. The rotational constants, ground state quartic centrifugal distortion constants, anharmonic frequencies, and vibration-rotational constants (α-constants) predicted by quantum chemical calculations using a cc-pVTZ basis with B3LYP methodology, are compared with the present experimental data, where there is generally good agreement. A complete set of anharmonic frequencies and α-constants for all fundamental levels of the molecule is given.  相似文献   

11.
For the first time the infrared spectrum of the AsHD2 molecule has been measured in the region of the bending fundamental bands ν3, ν4, and ν6 on a Fourier transform spectrometer with a resolution of 0.0024 cm−1 and analyzed. More than 5500 transitions with Jmax = 26 have been assigned and used both to obtain “ground state combination differences” and for the determination of upper state ro-vibrational energies of the triad (001000), (000100), and (000001). Rotational parameters including centrifugal distortion coefficients up to octic terms of the ground vibrational state were calculated by fitting more than 500 “ground state combination differences” with Jmax and . The obtained set of 24 parameters provides a rms-deviation of 0.00011 cm−1. The upper energies were fitted with 52 parameters of an effective Hamiltonian which takes into account strong resonance interactions between all vibrational states of the triad (001000), (000100), and (000001). The rms-deviation for the energy levels considered in the fit is 0.00014 cm−1.  相似文献   

12.
The Fourier transform gas-phase IR spectrum of 1,3,4-thiadiazole, C2H2N2S, has been recorded with a resolution of ca. 0.003 cm−1 in the 800-1500 cm−1 spectral region. Five fundamental bands ν2(A1; 1391.9 cm−1), ν4(A1; 964.4 cm−1), ν5(A1; 894.6 cm−1), ν9(B1; 821.5 cm−1), and ν14(B2; 898.4 cm−1) have been analysed using the Watson model. Ground state rotational and quartic centrifugal distortion constants as well as upper state spectroscopic constants have been obtained from fits. The ν4 and ν9 bands are unperturbed while a strong c-Coriolis resonance perturbs the close-lying ν5 and ν14 bands. This dyad system has been analysed by a model including first and second order c-Coriolis resonance using the theoretically predicted Coriolis coupling constant . The ν2 band is strongly perturbed by a local resonance, and we obtain a set of spectroscopic parameters using a model including second order a-Coriolis resonance with the inactive ν10 + ν14 band. Ground state rotational and quartic centrifugal distortion constants, anharmonic frequencies, and vibration-rotational α-constants predicted by quantum chemical calculations using a cc-pVTZ basis and B3LYP methodology, have been compared with the present experimental data, where there is generally good agreement.  相似文献   

13.
The gas phase infrared spectrum of monoisotopic H3Si37Cl has been reinvestigated in the ν1/ν4 region near 2200 cm−1, using a Fourier transform spectrometer, with a nominal resolution of 0.0027 cm−1. The rovibrational analysis confirms, besides the weak Coriolis x, y resonance between the (v1 = 1) and (v4 = 1) levels, the existence of two strong local perturbations in the ν4 band. These are caused by rotational (Δk = Δl = ±1) type resonances with and , respectively. Another local perturbation of the 12 ? KΔK ? 14 subbands of the ν4 band, probably due to a (Δk = Δl = ±1) interaction with , was detected and analyzed. All these local perturbations have been studied individually using a simple model of two interacting sublevels. Without the transitions involved in the local perturbations, more than 2000 lines of the ν1/ν4 band system were used to obtain a complete set of vibration-rotation parameters set for the v1 = 1 and v4 = 1 states. By means of a band contour simulation, both the transition moment ratio ∣M4:M1∣ = 1.25 and a positive sign of the Coriolis intensity perturbation were determined.The present results, together with the accurate existing data for ν2, ν3, ν5, and ν6 bands, allowed us to derive the experimental values, Ae = 2.8722945(37) cm−1 and Be = 0.2182248(22) cm−1, which are compared with those of ab initio calculations.  相似文献   

14.
The high resolution infrared spectrum of mono-isotopic F37Cl16O3 has been studied in the regions of ν1, ν2, ν4 and ν2 + ν5 bands, centered at 1060.20, 707.16, 1301.71 and 1292.15 cm−1, respectively. The ν1 and ν2 parallel bands are unperturbed so their analysis was straightforward and 3355 and 2433 transitions were assigned, respectively. The band origins, the rotational and centrifugal molecular constants in the v1 = 1 and v2 = 1 states have been determined, with standard deviation of the fits σ = 0.00019 and 0.00018 cm−1. The ν4 fundamental is affected by an anharmonic resonance with the ν2 + ν5 combination band. The kl > 0 sublevels cross at kl ? 27 because of the opposite values of and . The anharmonic resonance constant  cm−1 has been derived. The Δl = Δk = ±2 and Δl = 0, Δk = ±3 essential resonances have been found to be effective in ν4, while in ν2 + ν5 only the Δl = Δk = ±2 one was active. A total of 5721 transitions have been assigned, 25% of them belonging to ν2 + ν5. The rovibrational parameters and the interaction constants of F37Cl16O3 have been obtained. The standard deviation of the fit is 0.0006 cm−1, six times the estimated data precision. The equilibrium geometry of perchloryl fluoride has been determined from the Ae and Be constants of F35Cl16O3 and F37Cl16O3. Using the A0 and B0 constants of all the symmetric species the r0 geometry has also been derived.  相似文献   

15.
The high-resolution infrared spectra of DCF3 were reinvestigated in the ν6 fundamental band region near 500 cm−1 and around 1000 cm−1 with the aim to assign and analyze the overtone level of the asymmetric CF3 bending vibration v6 = 2.The present paper reports on the first study of both its sublevels (A1 and E corresponding to l = 0 and ±2, respectively) through the high-resolution analysis of the overtone band and the hot and bands.The well-known “loop method”, applied to and , yielded ground state energy differences Δ(KJ) = E0(KJ) − E0(K − 3,J) for the range of K = 6 to 30.In the final fitting of molecular parameters, we used the strategy of fitting all upper state data together with the ground state rotational transitions.This is equivalent to that calculating separately the and coefficients of the K-dependent part of the ground state energy terms from the combination loops.All rotational constants of the ground state up to sextic order could be refined in the calculation.This led to a very accurate determination of C0 = 0.18924413(25) cm−1, , and also .In the course of analyzing simultaneously the overtone band together with the and ν6 bands, the original assignment of the fundamental ν6 band [Bürger et al., J. Mol. Spectrosc. 182 (1997) 34-49] was found to be incompatible with the present one. Assignments of the (k + 1, l6 = +1)/(k − 1,l6 = −1) levels had to be interchanged, which changed the value of 6 = −0.14198768(26) cm−1 and the sign of the combination of constants C − B −  in the v6 = 1 level to a negative value.  相似文献   

16.
The rotationally resolved vibronic bands in the forbidden electronic transition of the cumulene carbene C3H2 have been observed in the gas phase by cavity ring down absorption spectroscopy through a supersonic planar plasma with allene as precursor. The band detected in the 16 223 cm−1 region is a result of vibronic interaction and is assigned to a combination of a1 and b2 vibrations with a frequency around 2250 cm−1. Another vibronic band near 15 810 cm−1 has an unusual rotational structure because the Ka = 0-1 subband is absent. It is assigned to a combination of a1 and b1 vibrations, ∼1850 cm−1, which borrow intensity from the near lying state due to a-type Coriolis coupling. A rotational analysis using a conventional Hamiltonian for an asymmetric top molecule yields molecular constants for the vibrational excited levels of the Ã1A2 state, which were used for the determination of the geometry. The stronger transition of C3H2, measured in a neon matrix in the 16 161-24 802 cm−1 range, was not detected. The reason for this is a short lifetime of the state, leading to line broadening.  相似文献   

17.
High-resolution Fourier transform infrared spectrum of H2S was recorded and analyzed in the region of the polyad. More than 450 transitions were assigned to the 3ν1 + ν2 and 2ν1 + ν2 + ν3 bands with the maximum values of quantum numbers J and Ka equal to 14, 7, and 14, 9 for these two bands, respectively. The theoretical analysis was fulfilled with the Hamiltonian which takes into account strong resonance interactions among the studied vibrational states (3 1 0), (2 1 1), and also “dark” states (0 3 2) and (2 3 0). The rms deviation is 0.0019 cm−1. The intensity borrowing effect in the doublets in the P-branch transitions of the 3ν1 + ν2 and 2ν1 + ν2 + ν3 bands is observed and discussed.  相似文献   

18.
The second overtone band 3ν1 of sulfur dioxide has been studied for the first time with high resolution rotation-vibration spectroscopy. About 3000 transitions involving about 900 upper state energy levels with have been assigned to the 3ν1 band. In the analysis, an effective Hamiltonian taking into account accidental interactions between the vibrational states (3 0 0), (2 2 0), and (0 4 1) was used. The Watson operator in A-reduction and Ir representation was used in the diagonal blocks of the Hamiltonian. As the result of analysis a set of parameters reproducing the initial experimental data with the rms = 0.00028 cm−1 was obtained.  相似文献   

19.
The FTIR spectrum of pentafluoroethane (R125) was measured in the mid infrared region from 900 to 4000 cm−1. Vibrational assignments for R125 are revised by comparison of previous and current experimental data with ab initio calculations at both the MP2/6-311+(d,p) and B3LYP/TZV+(3df,3p) levels of theory. High resolution FTIR spectra were recorded at room temperature and in an enclosive flow cell at a rotational temperature of 140 K. The cold spectrum was sufficiently resolved to enable rovibrational analyses of the overlapping ν4 (1200.7341 cm−1) and ν13 (1223.3 cm−1) bands, which have a/c hybrid and b-type character, respectively. Ground state combination differences were used to confirm assignment of 2375 lines to ν4 (Jmax = 86, Ka max = 50) and 2921 lines to ν13 (Jmax = 60, Ka max = 54). Effective rotational and centrifugal distortion constants were determined for ν4, and the polarization ratio was found to be . Severe Coriolis perturbations prevent any satisfactory fit to the ν13 band.  相似文献   

20.
The high resolution infrared spectra of monoisotopic F35Cl18O3 and F37Cl18O3 have been studied in the region of the ν4 fundamentals, centered at 1278.3 and 1263.3 cm−1, respectively. Large perturbations are observed in both bands due to a Fermi type anharmonic resonance with the ν2 + ν5 combination bands, centered at 1270.7 cm−1 in F35Cl18O3 and 1257.3 cm−1 in F37Cl18O3. In particular, they affect the kl > 0 levels of the v4 = 1 and v2 = v5 = 1 states which cross at kl ? 18 in F35Cl18O3 and kl ? 3 in F37Cl18O3, due to the opposite values of and . The Δl = Δk = ±2 and Δl = 0, Δk = ±3 essential resonances are also effective in the excited states of the dyad in F35Cl18O3, while in F37Cl18O3 only the Δl = Δk = ±2 one is active. In the spectrum of F35Cl18O3 3423 transitions have been assigned, 10% of them belonging to ν2 + ν5. The rovibrational parameters and the interaction constants between the v4 = 1 and v2 = v5 = 1 levels have been obtained. The depertubed band origins of ν4 and ν2 + ν5 are 1277.310567(165) and 1271.753733(195) cm−1, respectively, and the anharmonic resonance constant is 2.804416(153) cm−1. For F37Cl18O3, 3022 transitions have been assigned, 38% belonging to the ν2 + ν5 combination band. The depertubed band origins are 1260.856338(123) and 1259.872338(134) cm−1, for ν4and ν2 + ν5 and the constant is 2.9350669(405) cm−1. The equilibrium geometry of perchloryl fluoride, re (ClO) = 139.7(3) pm, re (ClF) = 161.0(5) pm, and αe (OClO) = 115.7(4) degree, has been determined using the Ae and Be equilibrium constants of the four symmetric isotopologues of perchloryl fluoride, F35/37Cl16O3 and F35/37Cl18O3.  相似文献   

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