考虑相重新分布的双重介质分形油藏不稳定渗流压力动态特征

基于分形油藏渗流力学,针对存在井筒储集、表皮效应和井筒相重新分布影响下的不稳定渗流问题,建立双重介质分形油藏有效井径数学模型,并采用Douglas-Jones预估校正法求得无限大地层定产量生产条件下的非线性数值解.由数值解可知,该系统完整的压降曲线由四个流动区组成.最后分析各个分形参数、相重新分布参数和双重介质参数变化时压力的变化规律,做出典型压力曲线图版,为研究复杂渗流系统中相重新分布影响下的不稳定渗流规律提供参考.     

变形双重介质分形气藏非线性渗流理论模型及数值研究

以Warren-Root模型为基础,引入分形参数和压缩系数,考虑压力对具有分形特征的渗透率和孔隙度的影响,建立变形双重介质分形气藏渗流数学模型.应用高收敛和高精度的有限元法求解这类含有第二类边界条件的数学模型.利用压力曲线,压力导数,参数对压力的影响率详细分析了部分参数对压力的影响及在变形双重介质分形气藏渗流数学模型中所具有的独特意义.     

裂缝-孔隙型双重介质油藏渗吸机理的分形分析

低渗透油藏常常伴随裂缝发育,形成裂缝-基质双重介质.自发渗吸是低渗裂缝性水驱油藏的重要采油机理,有顺向和逆向两种渗吸方式.基于基质孔隙结构的分形特征,引入分形几何对裂缝性双重介质渗吸机理的判据进行了改进,建立了渗吸机理的分形判据模型,并进一步推导了结构常数的解析表达式.结果表明,渗吸机理的判别参数是基质孔隙度、高度、孔隙分形维数、流动迂曲度、最大孔隙直径、界面张力、油水密度差以及接触角的函数.改进后的判据模型与现有结果一致.最后绘制了判别渗吸机理的图版,为利用表面活性剂提高低渗透油藏采收率提供理论依据.     

多孔介质中卡森流体的分形分析

研究了非牛顿流体中的卡森流体在多孔介质中的流动特性.基于服从分形分布的弯曲毛细管束模型,运用分形几何理论推导出了该流体在多孔介质中流动的流量、流速、启动压力梯度和有效渗透率的分形解析解.模型中的每一个参数都有明确的物理意义,它将卡森流体在多孔介质中的流动特性与多孔介质的微结构参数有机联系起来.文中给出了卡森流体的流速、启动压力梯度和有效渗透率随着各影响因素的变化趋势,并进行了讨论.所得分形模型可以更深刻地理解卡森流体在多孔介质中流动的内在物理机理. 关键词： 多孔介质 卡森流体 分形     

考虑二次梯度项影响的双渗模型的动态特征

在传统试井模型的非线性偏微分方程中根据弱可压缩液体的假设忽略了二次梯度项，已经知道在试井较长时间忽略二次梯度项将产生误差，帮对于双重介质流动系统保留了非线性偏微分方程中的二次梯度项，建立了双渗流动模型。采用Douglas-Jones预估-校正法获得了无限大地层定产量生产时和定压生产时双渗模型的数值解，分别讨论了液体压缩系数和双重介质参数变化时压力变化规律，做出了典型压力曲线图版，这些结果可用于实际试井分析。     

分形复合油藏非牛顿幂律流体不稳定渗流的数学模型

对不稳定渗流的数学模型进行了推导并建立了分形复合油藏不稳定渗流模型.在无限大地层、有界定压、有界封闭三种外边界条件下分别求出了它们在Laplace空间的解析解.对于两区的特殊情况,分析了井底压力动态特征和参数影响,制作了典型曲线.非牛顿幂律流体的幂律指数,分形参数均对典型曲线产生较大的影响,呈现出与牛顿流体和均质油藏明显不同的特征.这对于非均质油藏非牛顿流体的不稳定试井分析和研究非线性渗流特征都是十分重要的.     

分形低渗透缝洞型油藏非线性渗流规律

引入分形理论,建立考虑低速非达西效应的分形三重介质缝洞型油藏数学模型,通过Laplace变换及Stehfest数值反演方法求出井底压力,借助Matlab编程绘制压力动态曲线,划分渗流阶段,分析渗流规律,进行非线性参数敏感性分析.最后结合实际算例,验证模型的正确性.结果表明：分形三重介质油藏渗流过程分为早期纯井储,过渡流,缝洞窜流,拟径向流,基质与溶洞、裂缝窜流及总体径向流6个渗流阶段;低速非达西效应对渗流的影响随时间的推移逐渐增大;启动压力梯度越大,总径向流阶段压力动态曲线上翘幅度越大;分形系数影响整个渗流过程,随着分形系数的增大,裂缝迂曲程度随之增大,致使渗流阻力增加,引起压力动态曲线整体上移幅度增大.     

基于双重介质模型的正仲氢转化器流动规律研究

为了研究正仲氢转化器中流体的流动规律，建立了催化剂堆积床的颗粒孔隙-堆床空隙的双重介质模型。基于双重介质模型分别建立颗粒孔隙和堆床空隙中正氢和仲氢的质量守恒方程，两种介质之间通过流量交换源项相互耦合。采用控制容法离散控制方程，并数值求解离散方程组。数值算例表明，由于颗粒孔隙与堆床空隙的差异，两种介质中的流动规律存在明显差异。     

二维孔隙裂隙双重介质逾渗规律研究

在孔隙介质逾渗理论的基础上，将另外一个非常重要的渗透通道——裂隙引入到介质的逾渗研究中，提出了更为普遍的孔隙裂隙双重介质的逾渗研究方法.通过对二维平面孔隙裂隙双重介质的数值计算，得到了孔隙裂隙双重介质三个重要参数：孔隙率，裂隙分形维数、裂隙数量分布初值与逾渗概率的关系，给出了孔隙裂隙双重介质逾渗阈值的数学表达式，揭示了孔隙裂隙双重介质的逾渗规律. 关键词： 孔隙 裂隙 双重介质 逾渗 逾渗阈值     

分形多孔介质中流体流动的LBM模拟

基于分形理论构造了规则Sierpinski地毯结构来模拟多孔介质孔隙结构,采用Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM)分别对不同孔隙率与进出口压差下的分形多孔介质中的流体流动进行了数值模拟.结果表明,分形多孔介质的某些流场结构也具有分形特征;体积流量和流场进出口压差呈线性关系,符合Darcy定律;流体穿过分形多孔介质的体积流量与孔隙率成指数函数关系.     

随机多孔介质的蒙特卡罗重构与渗流特性模拟

根据多孔介质微观结构的分形尺度标度特征,采用蒙特卡罗方法分别重构随机多孔介质的微观颗粒和孔隙结构,并基于分形毛管束模型研究多尺度多孔介质的气体渗流特性,建立多孔介质微观结构和宏观渗流特性的定量关系。结果表明：分形蒙特卡罗重构的多孔介质微细结构接近真实介质结构,气体渗流特性的计算结果与格子玻尔兹曼模拟数据较为吻合; 多孔介质气体渗透率随着克努森数的增加而增大,孔隙分形维数对于气体渗流的微尺度效应具有显著影响,而迂曲度分形维数对于表观渗透率和固有渗透率的比值影响可以忽略。提出的分形蒙特卡罗方法具有收敛速度快且计算误差与维数无关的优点,有利于深入理解多尺度多孔介质的渗流机理。     

A difference-fractal model for the permeability of fibrous porous media

In this Letter, a difference-fractal model for the permeability of viscous flow through fibrous porous media is proposed. Since fractal objects have well-defined geometric properties, and are discrete and discontinuous, we apply the difference approach to developing the fractal model. The model of non-dimensional permeability is expressed as a function of porosity and fractal dimension. To verify the validity of the proposed model, the predicted permeability values are compared with those of experimental measurements. A good agreement between the prediction of the fractal model and the existing experimental data from the literature is found.     

分形介质的传热与传质分析(综述)

本文论述了分形介质的分形理论和数学基础,并简要综述了用分形理论和方法研究分形介质的传热与传质特性(如多孔介质的渗透率、热导率以及池核态沸腾换热)方面目前所取得的研究进展,最后扼要展望了用分形理论和方法进一步研究分形介质的传热与传质的可能的若干课题和方向。     

An analysis of the radial flow in the heterogeneous porous media based on fractal and constructal tree networks

In this paper, an analysis of the radial flow in the heterogeneous porous media based on fractal and constructal tree networks is presented. A dual-domain model is applied to simulate the heterogeneous porous media embedded with a constructal tree network based on the fractal distribution of pore space and tortuosity nature of flow paths. The analytical expressions for seepage velocity, pressure drop, local and global permeability of the network and binary system are derived, and the transport properties for the optimal branching structure are discussed. Notable is that the global permeability (K_n) of the network and the volume fraction (f_n) occupied by the network exhibit linear scaling law with the fractal dimension (D_p) of channel diameter bylogK_n∼0.46D_p and logf_n∼1.03D_p, respectively. Our analytical results are in good agreement with the available numerical results for steady-state soil vapor extraction and indicate that the fractal dimension for pore space has significant effect on the permeable properties of the media. The proposed dual-domain model may capture the characteristics of heterogeneous porous media and help understanding the transport mechanisms of the radial flow in the media.     

Dielectric constant of porous ultra low-k dielectrics by fractal-Monte Carlo simulations

The effective dielectric constant of porous ultra low-k dielectrics is simulated by applying the fractal geometry and Monte Carlo technique in this work. Based on the fractal character of pore size distribution in porous media, the probability models for pore diameter and for effective dielectric constant are derived. The proposed model for the effective dielectric constant is expressed as a function of the dielectric coefficient of base medium and the volume fractions of pores and base medium, fractal dimension for pores, the pore size, as well as random number. The Monte Carlo simulations combined with the fractal geometry are performed. The predictions by the present simulations are shown in good accord with the available experimental data. The proposed technique may have the potential in analyzing other properties such as electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity in porous ultra low-k dielectrics.     

Tortuosity for streamlines in porous media

An analysis of tortuosity for streamlines in porous media is presented by coupling the circle and square models. It is assumed that some particles in porous media do not overlap and that fluid in porous media is incompressible. The relationship between tortuosity and porosity is attained with different configurations by using a statistical method. In addition, the tortuosity fractal dimension is expressed as a function of porosity. Those correlations do not include any empirical constant. The percolation threshold and tortuosity fractal dimension threshold of porous media are also presented as: c = 0.32, D T c = 1.07. The predicted correlations of the tortuosity and the porosity agree well with the existing experimental and simulated results.