纳米ZnTiO3粉体光催化降解甲基橙

利用自制的催化装置降解甲基橙模拟染料废水,证明了纳米ZnTiO3粉体能够对甲基橙溶液进行有效的降解,并探讨了ZnTiO3的投加量、甲基橙溶液的初始浓度、反应时间、光照强度等因素对其影响。实验结果表明,在甲基橙溶液的初始浓度为15mg/L、ZnTiO3的用量为3g/L、反应180min后,甲基橙溶液的脱色率达到99.6%。     

BiOClxBryIz复合催化剂的制备及其可见光催化降解甲基橙

卤氧化铋由于具有特殊的层状结构和合适的禁带宽度而表现出了良好的可见光催化活性和稳定性,改变BiOXs中卤素的组成能调节禁带宽度,优化光催化性能.采用混合溶剂热法制备了一系列BiOClxBryIz(x,y,z=0.1,0.2,0.33,0.6,0.8)复合催化剂,首先对其结构形貌和光学特性进行了表征,然后在装有400 n...     

AgNbO_3/石墨烯复合材料的合成及其可见光催化甲基橙降解活性（英文）

采用固相法合成AgNbO_3/石墨烯复合纳米材料,利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)及紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)对样品的形貌及光学性质进行了表征。研究发现,AgNbO_3与石墨烯复合后,带隙能明显降低,吸收光波长范围增大。以甲基橙溶液的降解为光催化模型反应评价了AgNbO_3/石墨烯复合纳米材料的可见光催化性能。结果表明:与纯AgNbO_3相比,AgNbO_3/石墨烯复合纳米材料对甲基橙的可见光催化性能明显增强。实验条件下,经300℃煅烧的AgNbO_3/石墨烯(2∶1)复合纳米材料表现出最优的催化性能,它对甲基橙的可见光催化脱色速率系数约为纯AgNbO_3的10倍。光催化降解机理研究表明,促使甲基橙降解脱色的主要活性物种为·O_2~-和h+。     

AgNbO3拉曼光谱随激发功率变化的研究

AgNbO3是一种可见光响应型光催化剂, 具有简单的结构和化学组成, 以及合适的光学带隙, 并且在光催化分解水制氢和光催化降解有机污染物两方面具有较大的开发潜力。本文采用溶胶凝胶法合成了AgNbO3样品, 以457.5 nm固体激光器为激发光源, 首次在不同激发功率下, 获得了AgNbO3样品的拉曼谱图和谱峰参量随激光功率的变化关系。研究发现AgNbO3随激光功率的变化产生了可逆相变。     

共聚改性g-C3N4-N可见光催化降解RhB的研究

染料废水的排放对人类健康和生态系统构成严重威胁,光催化技术因其操作简单、绿色环保等优点在解决环境污染问题上已显示出巨大的潜力。类石墨相氮化碳（g-C₃N₄）由于成本低且具有良好的化学稳定性,被认为是光催化领域最有前景的新型光催化剂之一,但由于单一g-C₃N₄的比表面积小、可见光吸收能力低、光生电子-空穴复合率高影响了其光催化性能。以邻氨基苯甲腈和尿素为原料,通过高温共聚改性制备高催化活性的g-C₃N₄-N光催化剂,研究g-C₃N₄-N在不同pH值、g-C₃N₄-N投加量和RhB溶液浓度条件下对RhB光催化降解的影响,并结合红外光谱、XRD、BET、UV-Vis对g-C₃N₄-N光催化降解RhB的机理和染料降解路径进行解析。结果表明,经共聚改性制备的碳化氮为类石墨型纯相g-C₃N₄-N,具有稳定的光催化活性、大的比表面积和多孔结构,在初始pH值为3时,加入50 mg的g-C₃N₄-N在可见光条件下光催化降解10 mg·L-1 的RhB可达到最好的光催化降解效果,RhB在暗反应30 min内的吸附去除率可达30%左右,120 min的去除率达到97.7%。在光催化作用下,g-C₃N₄-N将吸附在光催化剂表面的罗丹明B分子通过快速N-脱乙基过程形成DER、EER和AR等大分子中间体,它们在空穴与·OH和·O-₂作用下,共轭结构裂解、开环,生成丁二酸、间苯二酚、丙酸等小分子,脱除的乙基被逐步氧化为乙二醇,这些小分子可以被转化为CO₂和H₂O。     

Bi2S3/BiOCl复合光催化剂的水热合成及其高活性

采用一种简便的水热法在433 K的温度下成功合成了具有不同Bi₂S₃质量分数的Bi₂S₃/BiOCl复合光催化剂,利用各种技术对其进行了表征.在紫外光照射下,以甲基橙水溶液的光催化降解为模型反应,评价了Bi₂S₃/BiOCl复合光催化剂的活性.研究结果表明:与纯Bi₂S₃和纯BiOCl相比,Bi₂S₃/BiOCl样品明显具有更高的光催化性能,尤其当Bi₂S₃在Bi₂S₃/BiOCl中的质量分数为26.5%时,Bi₂S₃/BiOCl复合催化剂的光催化活性与商业P25(TiO₂)的活性非常接近,而这种商业P25在紫外光照射下是公认的高效光催化剂.这种明显提高的光催化活性主要归功于光生电子和空穴在Bi₂S₃和BiOCl形成异质结界面上的有效转移,降低了电子-空穴对的复合.     

掺Fe3+A-TiO2粉末的制备及其可见光催化降解碱性品红

以硫酸钛为原料用水热法制备了掺Fe3+TiO2粉末,用SEM测定了样品的形貌和晶型,研究了以自制的掺Fe3+ A-TiO2对碱性品红溶液的光催化降解作用.结果表明:所制备的TiO2为锐铁矿型TiO2(A-TiO2).可见光照射下,用自制的掺Fe3+A-TiO2降解碱性品红溶液的最佳条件是:2mg·L-1的碱性品红溶液中...     

SnO2量子点/石墨烯复合结构的合成及其光催化性能研究

本文以SnCl₄·5H₂O和氧化石墨烯为先驱物, 乙醇水溶液为溶剂, 采用一种简单的水热法一步合成了具有可见光催化活性的SnO₂量子点(约3–5 nm)与石墨烯复合结构, 利用透射电子显微镜(TEM), 高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM), X射线衍射仪(XRD), 傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等技术对其结构进行了表征, 利用紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)分析了其光学性能, 罗丹明-B染料为目标降解物研究了SnO₂量子点/石墨烯复合结构可见光催化性能. 结果表明: 与纯SnO₂、纯石墨烯相比, 复合结构显示出了很高的可见光催化活性. 通过对其结构进行分析, 我们提出了SnO₂量子点/石墨烯复合结构的形成机制及其可见光催化活性机理.     

SrFeO3-x可见光下降解亚甲基蓝的光催化性能研究

采用水热及柠檬酸法相结合的方法,制备了钙钛矿型复合氧化物SrFeO3-x(0＜x＜0.5)光催化剂.用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(DRS-UV-Vis)、表面光电压谱(SPS)和场致表面光电压谱(EFISPS)表征制备的SrFeO3-x.以亚甲基蓝(MB)为模拟污染物,在可见光(λ≥430nm)照射下,首次考察了钙钛矿型复合氧化物SrFeO3-x的光催化性能,得到了较好的结果.     

Cu2O-Au复合材料表面甲基橙降解过程的原位SERS研究

SERS技术因其极高的表面灵敏度和选择性而成为表界面反应过程研究的重要工具之一,而光催化性能的调控建立在对其反应过程的分子水平的认识基础上,通过SERS基底与光催化材料的结合可实现催化反应过程的现场监测。本文制备了具备催化活性和SERS活性的双功能Cu₂O-Au复合材料,研究了其SERS增强和光催化降解甲基橙(MO)性能,并采用SERS技术现场研究了光催化降解MO的过程。研究表明,双功能Cu₂O-Au复合材料可将SERS效应和光催化性能有效复合,实现Cu₂O-Au界面处光催化降解过程的现场监测。表面Au纳米粒子的引入可使Cu₂O的SERS效应增强两个数量级,催化降解性能增加1倍;现场SERS监测揭示了光催化降解过程中MO分子的N=N最易断裂,C=C最难断裂,各化学键断裂容易程度由高到低依次为N=N> Ph₁-N=、=N-Ph₂ 以及Ph₁-N=、C-N> Ph-N。     

Bi2S3/BiOCl复合光催化剂的水热合成及其高活性

采用一种简便的水热法在433 K的温度下成功合成了具有不同Bi2S3质量分数的Bi2S3/BiOCl复合光催化剂,利用各种技术对其进行了表征.在紫外光照射下,以甲基橙水溶液的光催化降解为模型反应,评价了Bi2S3/BiOCl复合光催化剂的活性.研究结果表明:与纯Bi2S3和纯BiOCl相比,Bi2S3/BiOCl样品明显具有更高的光催化性能,尤其当Bi2S3在Bi2SJBiOCl中的质量分数为26.5％时,Bi2 SJBiOCl复合催化剂的光催化活性与商业P25(TiO2)的活性非常接近,而这种商业P25在紫外光照射下是公认的高效光催化剂.这种明显提高的光催化活性主要归功于光生电子和空穴在Bi2S3和BiOCl形成异质结界面上的有效转移,降低了电子-空穴对的复合.     

Cu2O/Ag复合物的合成及SERS原位分析其可见光催化降解活性

A multifunctional Cu₂O/Ag micro-nanocomposite, which has the characteristics of high catalytic activities under the visible light and high surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity, was fabricated via a facile method and employed for the in situ SERS monitoring of the photocatalytic degradation reaction of crystal violet. Through the variation of the AgNO₃ concentration, Ag content on the Cu₂O template can be controllably tuned, which has great influence on the SERS effect. The results indicate that Ag nanoparticles form on the Cu₂O nanoframes to obtain the Cu₂O/Ag nanocomposite, which can act as an excellent bifunctional platform for in situ monitoring of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutions by SERS.     

On the Factors behind the Photocatalytic Activity of Graphene Quantum Dots for Organic Dye Degradation

Graphene quantum dots (GQD) are promising visible-light photocatalysts for organic dye degradation. Besides having improved visible-light activity compared with commercial TiO₂, GQD are versatile photocatalysts as their chemical composition and, consequently, optical properties can be tuned synthetically, with a direct impact on photoactivity. However, there is a lack of systematic comparative studies to benchmark GQD photocatalytic performance and relate it to their intrinsic properties. This is undertaken in this work for three types of GQD, which are prepared using well-established synthetic methods representative of top-down and bottom-up approaches using different precursors. Resulting GQD are similar in size but differ in chemical composition, crystallinity, bandgap (ranging from 2.63 to 3.63 eV) and visible-light absorptivity. Photoactivity measurements under comparable experimental conditions (visible-light illumination) reveal enormous activity differences for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation, with up to tenfold higher degradation yields at the same time for certain GQD types. The enormous influence of intrinsic and tunable GQD factors, like visible-light absorptivity and surface charge, on their photoactivity for the degradation of organic dyes is demonstrated, highlighting the importance of tailoring such parameters for enhanced photocatalytic performance. A plausible mechanism for GQD-catalyzed photodegradation of RhB is also proposed.     

Synergetic Photocatalytic Nanostructures Based on Au/TiO2/Reduced Graphene Oxide for Efficient Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Recently, there is crucial interest in the design and fabrication of nanocatalysts for efficient decomposition of organic pollutants in wastewater using visible light. This work reports the assembling fabrication of synergetic photocatalytic Au/TiO₂/RGO nanostructures by utilizing the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as substrate material and efficient separator for electrons and holes. The Au/TiO₂ nanostructures with a ≈7 nm TiO₂ particles size are dispersed uniformly on RGO nanosheets. UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy verifies that Au/TiO₂/RGO nanocomposites show strong absorption of visible light. The degradation efficiency after 1 h for hydroquinone under visible light and UV light is ≈77% and ≈90%, respectively. Under visible light, the calculated apparent rates (k ) of the Au/TiO₂/RGO nanocomposites are 0.0112 and 0.0174 min^?1 for decomposition of methylene blue and hydroquinone. That are five times greater than that of bare TiO₂. The high photocatalytic activity is mainly attributed to the synergy between RGO and Au/TiO₂ nanostructure. The strategy of composite nanostructures assembling on RGO is ensured to have a great practicable potential for the designing of high efficient multielement composite nanoparticles catalysts.     

石墨相氮化碳的制备条件优化用以提高其在可见光下的光催化活性

通过染料的光降解实验和敏感性数学分析探讨了石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)的制备条件与其稳定性和光催化活性之间的联系. 结果表明,相比于焙烧时间,焙烧温度的改变更为显著地影响了g-C₃N₄ 的光催化活性. 制备条件优化之后的g-C₃N₄在可见光照射下催化降解罗丹明B(RhB)的活性比未优化时提高了约100倍,归因于材料比表面积的增大和表面光生电子-空穴迁移速度的增强.     

Fabrication of Graphene Nanoplatelet/Epoxy Nanocomposites for Lightweight and High‐Strength Structural Applications

Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), the most important mass‐produced graphene, are fabricated as a mechanical reinforcement for epoxy matrix nanocomposites. Current performance of GNPs as a reinforcing filler is limited by their agglomeration and weak interfacial interaction with certain polymer matrices. Herein, an approach to produce noncovalently functionalized GNPs (F‐GNPs) is reported that can be extended to the industrial level of mass production. The one‐step functionalization process uses melamine, a low‐cost chemical, to improve the interfacial adhesion and dispersion in an epoxy matrix. The mechanical properties of nanocomposites prepared with the F‐GNP flakes are much better (94.3% and 35.3% enhancements in Young's modulus and tensile strength, respectively) than those of the unfilled pure epoxy. Experimental data are analyzed using the Halpin–Tsai model. The fabrication process developed in this paper provides a strategy to use GNPs at the industrial level in lightweight and high‐strength structural applications.     

立方纳米结构ZnGa_2O_4的制备及光催化性质

首先采用水热法在FTO衬底上制备出α-GaOOH纳米柱阵列,再以α-GaOOH纳米柱/FTO结构作为前驱体进行水热反应,经溶解再结晶过程,α-GaOOH纳米柱可转变为边长约为500 nm的ZnGa_2O_4纳米立方块。在模拟太阳光源辐照下的一系列光催化实验结果表明:样品对亚甲基蓝具有较强的吸附作用和较高的光催化活性,对罗丹明B、刚果红的吸附能力和光催化作用都很弱,对甲基橙只有较弱的光催化作用;H_2O_2可以作为电子捕捉剂和供氧剂,促进样品的导带电子参与活性自由基的形成,使样品对染料表现出持续较高的光催化活性。