基于自由曲面的裸眼3D显示柱透镜光栅设计

设计了一种用于裸眼3D显示屏的低串扰新型双面柱透镜光栅板,光栅板的入射面为等间距排列的与显示器子像素数量相同的凹形自由曲面光栅结构,出射面为斜置的凸形自由曲面光栅结构.根据裸眼3D显示原理和几何光学原理推导了双面光栅板的光栅单元自由曲面设计公式和光栅参数计算公式.通过MATLAB编程计算和SolidWorks软件建模得到光栅板模型.用TracePro软件对所设计的光栅板模型进行光线追迹仿真,结果表明:参数优化后的6视点斜置柱透镜双面光栅3D显示在最佳视角的图像串扰度为0.068%,与传统6视点斜置柱透镜光栅的最佳视角图像串扰度相比降低了2个数量级,并且在观看距离2 000mm~3 000mm范围内图像串扰度基本不变.     

消除自由立体显示串扰的定向背光源设计

定向背光柱透镜光栅式多视点自由立体显示器的串扰和亮度均匀性问题是影响其广泛应用的主要因素之一.本文通过分析串扰产生的原因,根据偏轴光线的成像光学原理,推导出液晶显示屏光开关板列单元与柱透镜组成的偏轴光学系统的参数计算式.提出一种液晶显示屏光开关蝶形单元结构,设计了采用该蝶形单元的定向背光自由立体显示背光源模组.模拟仿真结果表明:所设计的定向背光自由立体显示背光源可消除自由立体显示的串扰;在视点平面90%观看区域的串扰度小于0.5%,光束10%峰值宽度的串扰面积比γ=0,光束90%峰值宽度比普通液晶单元结构的增大37%,改善了不同位置观看图像亮度变化大的问题.     

眼镜式立体显示中的串扰分析及消除方法研究

随着立体显示技术的广泛应用,立体显示图像质量受到了越来越多的重视。目前,串扰现象是影响立体显示技术中图像质量和观看舒适度最主要的因素之一。为消除眼镜式立体显示技术中的串扰现象,提出了一种基于图像处理的串扰消除方法。该方法从观看者的角度出发,将观看通道与非观看通道具有相同灰度时透过观看通道眼镜测得的亮度定义为理想输出亮度,利用亮度计测量得到的眼镜式立体显示器的光输出特性,经过计算得到左右视图灰度查找表,应用左右视图灰度查找表在显示立体图像时消除串扰。分析结果表明,提出的方法平均串扰减少率的理论值高达75%。同时,提出的方法合理利用了非观看通道的漏光等串扰信号,将立体图像亮度提高了12%。提出的方法应用简单,同时适用于时间复用和空间复用的眼镜式立体显示技术。     

一种弱化莫尔条纹的狭缝光栅屏裸眼3D显示器

常规竖直狭缝光栅和倾斜狭缝光栅的发光二极管(LED)屏裸眼3D显示器分别存在明显的莫尔条纹和立体图像串扰等问题,为此,提出一种弱化莫尔条纹的狭缝光栅LED屏裸眼3D显示器,它由LED屏和错位非均宽透光条的狭缝光栅构成。该狭缝光栅根据LED屏黑矩阵较宽的特点,通过适当增大透光条宽度和移动透光条在其周期中的位置,来增加狭缝光栅周期结构与LED屏像素周期结构之间的差异,降低莫尔条纹中暗带的对比度,并使莫尔条纹变得稀疏,从而达到既能弱化莫尔条纹,又不会明显增加立体图像串扰的目的。制作了所提狭缝光栅LED屏裸眼3D显示器样机,获得了莫尔条纹显著弱化、无明显立体图像串扰的显示效果,验证了理论的正确性。     

偏振眼镜立体显示的立体串扰度及其影响因素

偏振眼镜立体显示是使用偏振片来分离左右眼图像的,偏振片的参数决定了偏振眼镜立体显示的性能好坏。提出了偏振眼镜立体显示的立体串扰度概念,推导了立体串扰度与偏振片旋转角度和偏振片偏振度的关系式。结果表明,立体串扰度随偏振片旋转角的变大而增大,随偏振片偏振度的增大而减小。因此为偏振眼镜立体显示的性能改善提供了依据。     

多视点自由立体显示串扰分析与视区仿真

对多视点自由立体显示的串扰成因进行了分析,推导出了无串扰观看点与光栅参数之间的关系;然后分别对垂直于显示器方向和平行于显示器方向的串扰进行了分析与计算,得到了屏前三维空间的串扰分布情况.仿真结果表明,沿显示屏幕垂直方向的视区范围大于水平方向的视区范围,而且在水平平行于屏幕的方向上,每一个视点存在多个理论无串扰观测点,但在垂直于屏幕方向上,每个视点只存在一个理论无串扰观测点.最后通过对屏前三维区域视点光强进行仿真,进一步验证了串扰计算的准确性,为自由立体显示系统的最佳设计与具体实现奠定了仿真基础.     

行间转移型CCD激光干扰效应阈值估算方法

电荷耦合器件(CCD)图像传感应用中,通过非实测手段获取器件的干扰效应阈值非常重要,有时甚至是唯一手段。分析了行间转移型CCD单像素饱和与串扰等典型激光干扰效应的影响因素,研究了垂直拖尾、光晕和串扰3种效应的物理本质间的内在联系与区别,初步证实垂直拖尾系数对串扰效应而言为非敏感参数。提出了基于饱和信号电荷量、像元尺寸、量子效率以及光晕抑制率等器件参数,从现有的效应数据预估相似器件单像素饱和阈值、串扰线饱和阈值的外推方法。对柯达面阵CCD器件的饱和阈值测量与干扰效应实验显示,预估结果与实验值之间的偏差量分别为3%和20%,属于可以接受的范围,表明预估方法切实可行。     

计算机辅助彩色立体图像生成中的误差分析与处理

柱透镜光栅的计算机辅助立体成像的基本原理是将二维序列图像进行切分和重组,使之以三维模型的形式展现,使合成的图像在柱透镜光栅下观察时具有"纵深感"。该项技术在广告、摄影、电影制作中具有广泛的应用。但是长期以来,在图像切分时并不能保证像素一定被整除,这意味着剩余像素的出现,合成的立体图像必然存在误差。如何处理剩余像素的问题一直是个难题,阻碍了该技术的推广。针对立体图像生成方法中的剩余像素问题,详尽地分析了误差的形成,并提出了强行取整算法和误差分散算法两种误差处理方法。实验表明,这两种算法能较好的处理剩余像素,增强了合成图像的立体效果,这将有助于立体成像技术的进一步推广。     

基于窗截取的立体元图像阵列快速生成

集成成像需要从不同角度记录三维(3D)物体的空间信息,采用计算机生成时,计算量大、时间长。针对这一问题,提出窗截取的立体元图像阵列快速生成方法。模拟真实透镜阵列的结构,建立采样模型,根据显示平台光学参数计算得出虚拟3D物体对应每个虚拟透镜元中的图像,即立体元图像,然后采用窗截取的方式生成立体元图像阵列。改变采样点和窗函数可以生成任意孔径任意排列结构的立体元图像阵列。实验搭建基于LED的集成成像显示平台,设计了与LED匹配的方形、六边形、圆形孔径的透镜阵列,选取不同类型的3D模型对比立体元图像阵列的计算时间和立体显示效果,结果表明,在不改变立体图像质量的前提下,当立体元图像的分辨率高于透镜阵列的采样率时,本文方法速度更快。     

自由立体显示器倾斜锯齿交错狭缝光栅的设计(英文)

针对光栅型自由立体显示方案易存在串扰和莫尔条纹的问题,提出一种莫尔条纹和可视区域均在可接受范围内的倾斜锯齿交错光栅设计方法,该方法在斜光栅结构基础上以一个像素高度的一半为单位对光栅进行分段,将相邻两段狭缝用对称三角形狭缝代替.该结构与斜光栅相比,减少了通过同一狭缝看到相邻子像素而产生的相互串扰,即减小了斜光栅存在的视点间的串扰,扩大了可视区域范围.仿真及实测结果表明倾斜锯齿交错光栅比斜光栅可视区域增加了25%,而莫尔条纹亮度只减少4.5%,具有一定的实用价值.     

Combined lenticular lens for autostereoscopic three dimensional display

When an autostereoscopic three dimensional (3D) display based on a single lenticular lens keeps working for a long period, the thermal expansion of lenticular lens results in serious crosstalk and 3D image deterioration. To overcome this problem, a combined lenticular lens is proposed. The combined lenticular lens is composed of a single lenticular lens used in the traditional autostereoscopic 3D display, a transparent glue layer and a glass substrate. The design method of the combined lenticular lens and analysis of thermal expansion effect is given. A 42-inch autostereoscopic 3D display based on the combined lenticular lens is developed. The experiment results verify that the proposed combined lenticular lens effectively avoids the crosstalk and 3D image deterioration happened in the traditional autostereoscopic 3D display.     

Autostereoscopic display based on multi-layer lenticular lens

An autostereoscopic display based on a multi-layer lenticular lens was proposed. The autostereoscopic display is composed of a flat panel display and a multi-layer lenticular lens sheet, which includes a traditional single lenticular lens and an additional transparent layer. The focal length of the multi-layer lenticular lens can be changed by choosing the refractive index of the additional transparent layer to adjust the stereoscopic depth, and it is an easier and much more flexible way than changing lenticular lens's curvature radius. A 22-in. 9-view autostereoscopic display prototype was developed. The image crosstalk of the prototype is very small and it has good presentation to several viewers without wearing eyeglasses.     

Crosstalk elimination in multi-view autostereoscopic display based on polarized lenticular lens array

An autostereoscopic display composed of a directional backlight,an image display panel,a striped half-wave plate,and a polarized lenticular lens array is proposed.The directional backlight emitting the parallel light can redirect the cones of light to lenticular lens array and reduce the chromatic spatial-interference effect.The striped half-wave plate,located in front of the image display panel,transformed the polarization direction of the lights from the directional backlight into two mutually perpendicular directions.The polarized lenticular lens array not only can divide the light from the left and right view images to send to left and right eyes but also can reduce the crosstalk of the stereoscopic images.The proposed autostereoscopic display can produce high quality stereoscopic images without crosstalk at the optimal viewing distance.     

立体显示用柱面透镜光栅的设计

分析了柱面透镜光栅的单柱面透镜的光传输特性,进而推导出柱面透镜光栅的曲率半径、节距和厚度等重要参量的计算公式.根据这些理论公式,为15英寸柱面透镜光栅自由立体显示器设计了柱面透镜光栅的参量,通过应用光学软件ASAP模拟该立体显示器的立体视区分布,得出该立体显示器能显示良好立体图像,从而验证了理论的正确性.     

Crosstalk reduction in multi-view autostereoscopic three-dimensional display based on lenticular sheet

A method to reduce crosstalk in multi-view autostereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) displays based on the lenticular sheet is proposed. Correcting the luminance values of each parallax image displayed on the display screen is employed. We analyze the causes of crosstalk. We deduce the formulas of crosstalk reduction according to the relationship between crosstalk coefficients of each parallax image observed through the lenticular sheet, luminance values of each parallax image displayed on the display screen,...     

狭缝光栅、柱面透镜光栅及其新构型在三维显示中的应用

介绍了三维显示技术的研究现状,综述了狭缝光栅和柱面透镜光栅在自由立体显示技术中的重要应用。回顾了各种光栅式自由立体显示系统的结构和原理;提出了如何根据狭缝光栅和柱面透镜光栅的特殊光学性质,在传统的立体显示系统中添加各种光栅形成灵活组合结构来提高立体显示效果,强调了它们在减小串扰、增大视场角、避免摩尔条纹以及提供更全面的三维信息等方面的作用。最后指出基于两种光栅的叠加构成面积大、参数均匀、价格低廉的新型透镜可实现全视差立体显示,对探索自由立体显示技术的研究很有意义。     

One-dimensional integral imaging based on parallax barrier

One-dimensional integral imaging (1DII) which only has horizontal disparity is a practical solution of high resolution in the vertical direction, low-cost, easy-viewable three-dimensional (3D) display. A 1DII based on a parallax barrier is proposed in this paper. The 1DII consists of a parallax barrier and a display panel. The operation principle and parameter calculation of the 1DII are described in detail. Two prototypes of the proposed 1DII and conventional 1DII based on a lenticular lens array are developed. The proposed 1DII improves the quality of the 3D image and provides larger viewing angle than that based on a lenticular lens array, and it is simpler and has lower cost than that based on a lenticular lens array.     

Micro-projection dynamic backlight for multi-view 3D display

A micro-projection dynamic backlight for multi-view three-dimensional(3 D) display is proposed. The proposed backlight includes a light emitting diodes(LEDs) array, a lenticular lens array, and a scattering film. The LED array, the lenticular lens,and the scattering film construct a micro-projection structure. In this structure, the LEDs in the array are divided into several groups. The light from each LED group can be projected to the scattering film by the lenticular lens and forms a series of bright stripes. The different LED groups have different horizontal positions, so these bright stripes corresponding to different LED groups also have different horizontal positions. Therefore, they can be used as a dynamic backlight.Because the distance between the LEDs array and the lenticular lens is much larger than the distance between the lenticular lens and the scattering films, the imaging progress will make the width of the bright stripes much smaller than that of the LEDs, and the pitch of the stripes is also decreased. According to the 3 D display theory, the bright stripes with small width and pitch help to increase the number of views. Therefore, the proposed micro-projection dynamic backlight is very suitable for multi-view 3 D display. An experimental prototype was developed, and the experimental results show that the micro-projection dynamic backlight can correctly complete the directional projection of the parallax images to form a 3 D display.