基于graphene条带的硅纳米结构

采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了graphene条带上生长硅纳米结构的过程，分析了不同温度下硅原子在graphene条带边沿生成的新型纳米结构.研究表明，随机分布的硅原子吸附到锯齿型graphene条带边沿在不同的温度T下可生成不同类型的硅纳米结构：300K≤T<2000K时形成无规则的团簇，2000K≤T≤2800K时形成单原子链结构，2800K<T<3900K时形成含缺陷的硅链结构，T≥3900K时硅原子逐渐替代条带边沿的碳原子直至graphene条带破坏.而硅原子吸附到扶手椅型graphene条带边沿在300K≤T<3000 K内仅能形成非链状的不定型的硅纳米结构. 关键词： graphene 硅 纳米结构 分子动力学模拟     

6H-SiC(0001)表面graphene逐层生长的分子动力学研究

利用经典分子动力学方法和模拟退火技术分析研究了6H-ＳiC（0001）表面graphene的逐层生长过程及其形貌结构特点．研究表明，经过高温蒸发表面硅原子后，6H-ＳiC（0001）表面的碳原子能够通过自组织过程生成稳定的局部单原子层graphene结构．这种过程类似于6H-ＳiC（0001）表面graphene的形成，其生长和结构形貌演化主要取决于退火温度和表面碳原子的覆盖程度． 研究发现，当退火温度高于1400K时，6H-ＳiC（0001）表面碳原子能形成局部的单原子层graphene结构．这一转变温 关键词： graphene 碳化硅 分子动力学     

考虑次近邻相互作用下一维单原子链中的孤立波

利用多重尺度法结合准不连续性近似,研究了涉及次近邻相互作用下的一维单原子链中的波动问题,得到了其新的色散关系.结果表明,在同时考虑次近邻相互作用和非谐相互作用的情况下,一维单原子链中不仅存在包络孤立波、扭状和反扭状孤立波,而且存在另一种孤立波形式的元激发——呼吸子. 关键词： 一维单原子链 非谐相互作用 孤立波     

碳硅链和氮铝链的电子输运特性的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理非平衡格林函数方法研究了一维碳硅链 （SiC）_n和氮铝（Al-N）_n的电子输运特性，n为原子链所包含的Si，C（Al,N）原子数目.碳硅链（SiC）_n（或氮铝链（Al-N）_n）置于两个Al（100）电极中.计算了一维碳硅链和氮铝链体系的平衡电导随原子链的长度变化情况.结果发现，它们的平衡电导随原子链的长度增加而减小.对电荷转移分析发现， 关键词： 平衡电导 分子开关 转移电荷     

晶格振动色散关系与均匀杆纵振动色散关系的比较分析

一维单原子链晶格振动与均匀杆自由纵振动的运动方程在数学上存在内在的联系.将均匀杆自由纵振动运动方程中对空间的偏导数用差商代替,就得到一维单原子链晶格振动的运动方程.对于离散的一维单原子链晶格振动与连续的均匀杆自由纵振动的色散关系进行了比较分析.一维单原子链晶格振动的波矢具有特定的取值范围,即布里渊区,这是原子离散周期排布的结果.随着质量分布由离散逐渐向连续变化,一维单原子链晶格振动的色散关系逐渐演变为均匀杆纵振动的色散关系.     

原子链与弦中波包演化的比较分析

分析了一维单原子链中与连续弦中的波包的演化过程.弦中的波包以恒定速度移动,且保持形状不变;而原子链中的波包在演化过程中形状不断地发生变化.通过比较分析一维单原子链与弦振动的色散关系,讨论了波包演化的不同以及离散的原子链到连续弦的过渡.     

一维三原子链的格波解及其色散关系

通过求解简谐近似下一维三原子链的晶格振动方程得到其格波解和色散关系,进而研究一维三原子链的晶格振动特点,讨论一维三原子链和一维单原子链色散关系的内在联系.结果表明,一维三原子链的色散关系包含一个声学支和两个光学支,频谱范围和频率禁带与原胞内三个原子的质量都有关联,在原胞内原子质量相等的情况下一维三原子链的色散关系与一维单原子链色散关系所描述的晶格振动模式相同,进而对固体物理教学中容易误解的两个相关问题进行了说明.     

单畴的单原子In纳米线阵列的制备与研究

利用Si（001）向［110］方向偏4°角的斜切表面作为衬底，成功地制备了分布均匀的单畴的单原子In链阵列.扫描隧道显微镜分析表明，沉积的In原子优先吸附在台面上沿着台阶内边缘的位置，并在两个Si的二聚体链之间形成稳定的In二聚体.In二聚体组成直的单原子链，其生长机理与Car提出的“表面聚合反应”相一致.另外，衬底具有非常窄的台面和双原子层台阶边的特殊结构是形成单畴的单原子链的关键. 关键词： 铟单原子链 硅邻近面 扫描隧道显微镜     

一维单原子链在碳纳米管研究中的应用

以一维单原子链为模型,讨论了五边形和原子空位两种缺陷对碳管振动性质的影响,定性地解释了这两种缺陷产生局域模式的原因.计算结果表明,由于五边形周围碳碳键的缩短使得力常数变大;与此类似,当原子空位存在时,空位处有效质量变小,且碳碳键长变短,这些都相当于在晶格中掺入了"轻杂质",会使得在完整晶格的振动模式的外侧出现一个新的局域振动模式.     

高压下准一维纳米结构的研究

准一维原子、分子链是一维纳米材料研究的终极目标,其独特的一维结构可能具有强的量子效应,新奇的光、电、磁等物理性质.如何合成原子/分子一维结构、以及在原子/分子尺度对其进行调控和操纵是目前人们极为关注的前沿课题.通过使用限域模板,如碳纳米管和分子筛等,已经成功地合成了可稳定限域在一维纳米孔道中的原子/分子链状结构.本文简要介绍了高压下一维纳米结构研究所取得的实验结果,以及文献报道的相关实验与理论研究工作,包括压力导致的原子/分子一维链增长及其转变机理,一维纳米孔道中压致分子旋转,碘分子链特有的光致发光现象以及压致发光增强、碳纳米管的压致转变引起的偏振拉曼退偏效应消失等.     

Field electron emission and field desorption of cesium from graphene

Field electron emission and field desorption of cesium ions from a monatomic graphene film on Ir and graphene clusters in amorphous carbon are investigated using field electron microscopy and continuous-mode field desorption microscopy. The deposition of cesium on amorphous carbon with graphite clusters leads to inversion of the emission (i.e., emission from the emission centers disappears against the back-ground of uniform emission from the previously nonemitting surface). In both systems, ion current pulses are observed during field desorption in a stationary electric field. During field desorption from the graphene film, current pulses of Cs⁺ ions with a duration shorter than 0.1 s appear from the plane faces of the iridium point. During desorption from graphite clusters, ion current pulses form a pattern of “collapsing rings” on the screen. Possible mechanisms of the observed processes are considered using the model of cesium intercalation by graphite and by the graphene layer and the desorption of Cs atoms under the action of the electric field, as well as the “flip” of the dipole moment during the cesium intercalation.     

纳米单原子链的热膨胀性质

根据戴逊方程,推导了纳米单原子链的位移-位移Green函数,并得到了声子占有数表象中原子位移与哈密顿的表达式.在这些结果的基础上,应用微扰理论,推导了热膨胀和热膨胀系数的计算公式,并进行了数值计算.研究结果表明,在有限温度下,纳米单原子链中靠近两端的原子间距的热膨胀大于内部的原子间距的热膨胀,而原子链中靠近两端的原子间距的热膨胀系数小于内部的原子间距热膨胀系数.原子链的长度越短,则所有原子间距热膨胀的平均值越大,而原子链的热膨胀系数越小.     

Computer stability test for aluminum films heated on a graphene sheet

The behavior of single- and double-sided monatomic aluminum films on graphene heated from 300 to 3300 K is studied by the molecular dynamics method. Atoms of single-sided coating are preserved on graphene up to 3300 K, while atoms of double-sided coating leave graphene even at 1800 K; upon a further increase in temperature, this leads to an increase in the horizontal and vertical components of the self-diffusion coefficient. The stresses produced by vertical forces are found to be most significant in metallic films; these stresses almost disappear when temperature reaches 2300 K. The stresses in graphene, the highest of which are concentrated in the zone of formation of the metal film, substantially decrease upon heating.     

Mechanical exfoliation of epitaxial graphene on Ir(111) enabled by Br2 intercalation

We show here that Br(2) intercalation is an efficient method to enable exfoliation of epitaxial graphene on metals by adhesive tape. We exemplify this method for high-quality graphene of macroscopic extension on Ir(111). The sample quality and the transfer process are monitored using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The developed process provides an opportunity for preparing graphene of strictly monatomic thickness and well-defined orientation including the transfer to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) foil.     

Two-Dimensional Materials of Group IVA: Latest Advances in Epitaxial Methods of Growth

Russian Physics Journal - Two-dimensional materials have become one of the central research topics of scientists around the world after the production of graphene – a monatomic layer of...     

Bending induced rippling and twisting of multiwalled carbon nanotubes

We report that a twisting deformation mode emerges with the rippling in bent multiwalled carbon nanotubes via atomistic simulations. This mode arises from the curvature-induced lattice mismatch, and is energetically favorable. For the nanotubes with larger radii, twisting may enhance the local strain relaxation. Under the thermal fluctuation, the nucleation of defects involves bond breaking and reconstruction due to strain localization. The defective inner tubes undergo the cyclic torsion, resulting in unstable necking and even failure. Prior to fracture, a monatomic chain is formed under the combination of bending and twisting.     

纳米单原子链的热传导

根据Hardy能流密度公式、Kubo热导率公式,推导了纳米单原子链的热传导系数公式,并进行了数值计算.研究结果表明,纳米原子链的热传导系数小于无限长原子链的热传导系数,并且纳米原子链的长度越短,则热传导系数越小.这些现象可以作如下解释:原子链可以看作是一维晶格,格波在到达原子链端点时会发生反射,而改变了格波的能量传播方向,使能流密度降低,从而使纳米原子链的热导率小于无限长原子链的热导率.并且原子链越短,格波在到达原子链端点的过程中衰减越小,从而使反射格波的能流密度越接近于入射格波的能流密度,使能流密度更为降低,从而使纳米原子链的热导率更小.     

One-step synthesis of TiC/multilayer graphene composite by thermal plasma

Graphene hybrid materials have been attracting a great deal of attention due to their superior properties. Nevertheless, problems such as expensive and complicated production processes have limited their application to industrial fields. Here, we introduce a one-step synthesis of titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles on multilayer graphene nanosheet (TiC/multilayer graphene) composites using thermal plasma. Although there are three types of titanium alkoxides (titanium ethoxide, titanium isopropoxide and titanium n-butoxide), the TiC/multilayer graphene was synthesized from only titanium isopropoxide. The injection temperature of the precursor was varied to investigate the effects of the precursor concentration in the plasma region. A TiC/multilayer graphene hybrid material with crystalline TiC nanoparticles below 50 nm on graphene nanosheets was observed. The number of graphene nanosheet layers varied from one to over 10 according to the injection temperature. When titanium ethoxide and titanium butoxide were injected, TiC with amorphous carbon and graphite were synthesized. The formation of graphene is considered to be affected by the structure of the carbon chain in the precursors and the concentration in the plasma region.     

Formation of gold nanowires with impurities: a first-principles molecular dynamics simulation

We present first-principles molecular dynamics simulations of the formation of monatomic gold nanowires with different impurities (H, C, O, S). Special care was taken not to bias the probability that the impurity atoms participate in the monatomic wire, which is the main focus of this work. Hydrogen always evaporated before the formation of the monatomic chains. Carbon and oxygen were found in the final chains with low probability ( approximately 10%), while sulfur almost always participated in it (probabability approximately 90%). The mean distances between gold atoms bridged by carbon, oxygen, and sulfur were 3.3, 4.4, and 5.0 A, respectively, in good agreement with experimental observations. The contributions of carbon, oxygen, and sulfur to the density of electronic states at the Fermi level are neglegible, moderate, and large, respectively.