A nonlinear control scheme to anticipated and complete synchronization in discrete-time chaotic (hyperchaotic) systems

In this Letter, a new synchronization scheme is presented to study anticipated synchronization and complete synchronization in discrete-time chaotic and hyperchaotic systems based on the active control idea. The scheme is applied to investigate anticipated synchronization and complete synchronization between two identical 3D generalized Hénon maps, as well as 3D discrete-time Yeh–Kokotovic map and 3D generalized Hénon maps. Numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

1:1 Mode locking and generalized synchronization in mechanical oscillators

We describe the relation between the complete, phase and generalized synchronization of the mechanical oscillators (response system) driven by the chaotic signal generated by the driven system. We identified the close dependence between the changes in the spectrum of Lyapunov exponents and a transition to different types of synchronization. The strict connection between the complete synchronization (imperfect complete synchronization) of response oscillators and their phase or generalized synchronization with the driving system (the (1:1) mode locking) is shown. We argue that the observed phenomena are generic in the parameter space and preserved in the presence of a small parameter mismatch.     

基于光电反馈的激光混沌并联同步系统研究

提出了基于光电反馈的激光混沌并联同步方案,对可能存在的两种同步——广义同步和完全同步进行了研究,着重讨论了激光器内部参数失配对发射与接收激光器之间以及并联接收激光器之间同步特性的影响.研究结果显示：在一定范围内,同样的内部参数失配下,并联接收激光器之间的同步效果明显优于发射激光器与接收激光器之间的同步效果. 关键词： 半导体激光器 混沌同步 光电反馈 参数失配     

A new scheme to generalized (lag, anticipated, and complete) synchronization in chaotic and hyperchaotic systems

In this paper, a generalized (lag, anticipated, and complete) synchronization of a class of continuous-time systems is defined. A systematic, powerful and concrete scheme is developed to investigate the generalized (lag, anticipated, and complete) synchronization between the drive system and response system based on the active control idea. The hyperchaotic R?ssler system, transformed R?ssler and Chen system as well as two coupled nonidentical R?ssler oscillators are chosen to illustrate the proposed scheme. Numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The scheme can be also extended to research generalized (lag, anticipated, and complete) synchronization between other dynamical systems.     

Bidirectional Partial Generalized Synchronization in Chaotic and Hyperchaotic Systems via a New Scheme

In this paper, a bidirectional partial generalized (lag, complete, and anticipated) synchronization of a class of continuous-time systems is defined. Then based on the active control idea, a new systematic and concrete scheme is developed to achieve bidirectional partial generalized (lag, complete, and anticipated) synchronization between two chaotic systems or between chaotic and hyperchaotic systems. With the help of symbolic-numerical computation, we choose the modified Chua system, Lorenz system, and the hyperchaotic Tamasevicius-Namajunas-Cenys system to illustrate the proposed scheme. Numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. It is interesting that partial chaos synchronization not only can take place between two chaotic systems, but also can take place between chaotic and hyperchaotic systems. The proposed scheme can also be extended to research bidirectional partial generalized (lag, complete, and anticipated) synchronization between other dynamical systems.     

Generalized projective synchronization of two coupled complex networks of different sizes

We investigate a new generalized projective synchronization between two complex dynamical networks of different sizes. To the best of our knowledge, most of the current studies on projective synchronization have dealt with coupled networks of the same size. By generalized projective synchronization, we mean that the states of the nodes in each network can realize complete synchronization, and the states of a pair of nodes from both networks can achieve projective synchronization. Using the stability theory of the dynamical system, several sufficient conditions for guaranteeing the existence of the generalized projective synchronization under feedback control and adaptive control are obtained. As an example, we use Chua's circuits to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.     

Adaptive generalized projective synchronization in different chaotic systems based on parameter identification

In this Letter, the generalized projective synchronization of different chaotic systems with unknown parameters is investigated. By Lyapunov stability theory, the adaptive control method is proposed to achieve above synchronization phenomenon. Meanwhile, according to the invariance principle of differential equations, unknown parameter can be estimated accurately. The schemes are successfully applied to two groups of examples: the anti-phase synchronization between Lorenz system and Chen system; the complete synchronization between hyper-chaotic system and generalized Loren system. The corresponding numerical results are presented to verify the effectiveness of this method.     

Adaptive Q-S (lag, anticipated, and complete) time-varying synchronization and parameters identification of uncertain delayed neural networks

In this paper, a new type of generalized Q-S (lag, anticipated, and complete) time-varying synchronization is defined. Adaptive Q-S (lag, anticipated, and complete) time-varying synchronization and parameters identification of uncertain delayed neural networks have been considered, where the delays are multiple time-varying delays. A novel control method is given by using the Lyapunov functional method. With this new and effective method, parameters identification and Q-S (lag, anticipated, and complete) time-varying synchronization can be achieved simultaneously. Simulation results are given to justify the theoretical analysis in this paper.     

Synchronization of chaotic oscillator time scales

We consider chaotic oscillator synchronization and propose a new approach for detecting the synchronized behavior of chaotic oscillators. This approach is based on analysis of different time scales in the time series generated by coupled chaotic oscillators. We show that complete synchronization, phase synchronization, lag synchronization, and generalized synchronization are particular cases of the synchronized behavior called time-scale synchronization. A quantitative measure of chaotic oscillator synchronous behavior is proposed. This approach is applied to coupled Rössler systems.     

An approach to chaotic synchronization

This paper deals with the chaotic oscillator synchronization. An approach to the synchronization of chaotic oscillators has been proposed. This approach is based on the analysis of different time scales in the time series generated by the coupled chaotic oscillators. It has been shown that complete synchronization, phase synchronization, lag synchronization, and generalized synchronization are the particular cases of the synchronized behavior called "time-scale synchronization." The quantitative measure of chaotic oscillator synchronous behavior has been proposed. This approach has been applied for the coupled R?ssler systems and two coupled Chua's circuits.     

Complete synchronization of the noise-perturbed Chua's circuits

In this paper, complete synchronization between unidirectionally coupled Chua's circuits within stochastic perturbation is investigated. Sufficient conditions of complete synchronization between these noise-perturbed circuits are established by means of the so-called LaSalle-type invariance principle for stochastic differential equations. Specific examples and their numerical simulations are also provided to demonstrate the feasibility of these conditions. Furthermore, the results obtained for the coupled Chua's circuits are further generalized to the wide class of coupled systems within stochastic perturbation.     

Separate Polarization Modes Synchronization and Synchronization Switches between Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

For vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with polarization-rotated feedback, there exist several synchronization types such as synchronizations between total powers and synchronizations between separate polarization modes. Based on the two-mode rate equations, we study and compare numerically the performances of different synchronization types. Our results show that three synchronization types exhibit good performances when their synchronization conditions are satisfied. They are the complete synchronization between total powers, complete synchronization between x-polarized modes, and generalized synchronization between x-polarized and y-polarized modes. The former two types are sensitive to the injection rate and spontaneous emission, while the third type is contrary. Synchronization type with the best performance may switch from one to another, with changing of injection rate and spontaneous emission factor.     

Complete and generalized synchronization in a class of noise perturbed chaotic systems

In the paper, in light of the LaSalle-type invariance principle for stochastic differential equations, chaos synchronization is investigated for a class of chaotic systems dissatisfying a globally Lipschitz condition with noise perturbation. Sufficient criteria for both complete synchronization and generalized synchronization are rigorously established and thus successfully applied to realize chaos synchronization in the coupled unified chaotic systems. Furthermore, concrete examples as well as their numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the possible application of the established criteria.     

改进恒Lyapunov指数谱混沌系统的同步方法与特性研究

改进恒Lyapunov指数谱混沌系统的特殊的分段线性结构及其全局线性调幅参数与倒相参数的存在性,赋予了其同步体系新的可实现性与可调节性.依据广义同步的原理,构造合适的驱动系统与响应系统,可以实现恒Lyapunov指数谱混沌系统的广义同步;改变响应系统的参数,可实现完全同步与广义投影同步;改进恒Lyapunov指数谱混沌系统的全局线性调幅参数能对驱动与响应系统的状态变量幅值实施同步升降控制,倒相参数能对某一特定状态变量实施同步倒相控制.这种同步体系无需专门的控制器,结构简单,易于实现.文章最后设计了同步体系的实现电路,实验仿真结果证明了混沌同步方法的可行性,也验证了恒指数谱混沌系统特殊参数对同步体系状态变量幅值与相位的调控作用.     

多涡卷混沌系统的广义同步控制

基于反步自适应方法,提出了一种在初值不同以及驱动系统参数未知的情况下,保持驱动和响应两多涡卷混沌系统同步的控制律设计方法.该方法所设计的控制律能够同时适用于两混沌系统的完全同步、反同步和一类非线性广义同步,具有较高的实用价值.仿真结果表明了所设计控制律的有效性. 关键词： 多涡卷混沌 广义同步 反步 自适应     

Q-S (complete or anticipated) synchronization backstepping scheme in a class of discrete-time chaotic (hyperchaotic) systems: a symbolic-numeric computation approach

First, a type of Q-S (complete or anticipated) synchronization is defined in discrete-time dynamical systems. Second, based on backstepping design with a scalar controller, a systematic, concrete and automatic scheme is presented to investigate Q-S (complete or anticipated) synchronization between the discrete-time drive system and response system with strict-feedback form. Finally, the proposed scheme is used to illustrate Q-S (complete or anticipated) synchronization between the two-dimensional discrete-time Lorenz system and Fold system, as well as the three-dimensional hyperchaotic discrete-time Rossler system and generalized discrete-time Rossler system. Moreover numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Our scheme can be also extended to investigate Q-S (complete or anticipated) synchronization between other discrete-time dynamical systems with strict-feedback forms. With the aid of symbolic-numeric computation, the scheme can be performed to yield automatically the scalar controller and to verify its effectiveness in computer.     

Quantifying the synchronizability of externally driven oscillators

This paper is focused on the problem of complete synchronization in arrays of externally driven identical or slightly different oscillators. These oscillators are coupled by common driving which makes an occurrence of generalized synchronization between a driving signal and response oscillators possible. Therefore, the phenomenon of generalized synchronization is also analyzed here. The research is concentrated on the cases of an irregular (chaotic or stochastic) driving signal acting on continuous-time (Duffing systems) and discrete-time (Henon maps) response oscillators. As a tool for quantifying the robustness of the synchronized state, response (conditional) Lyapunov exponents are applied. The most significant result presented in this paper is a novel method of estimation of the largest response Lyapunov exponent. This approach is based on the complete synchronization of two twin response subsystems via additional master-slave coupling between them. Examples of the method application and its comparison with the classical algorithm for calculation of Lyapunov exponents are widely demonstrated. Finally, the idea of effective response Lyapunov exponents, which allows us to quantify the synchronizability in case of slightly different response oscillators, is introduced.     

Bifurcation diagrams in relation to synchronization in chaotic systems

We numerically study some of the three-dimensional dynamical systems which exhibit complete synchronization as well as generalized synchronization to show that these systems can be conveniently partitioned into equivalent classes facilitating the study of bifurcation diagrams within each class. We demonstrate how bifurcation diagrams may be helpful in predicting the nature of the driven system by knowing the bifurcation diagram of driving system and vice versa. The study is extended to include the possible generalized synchronization between elements of two different equivalent classes by taking the Rössler-driven-Lorenz-system as an example.     

Lag projective synchronization in fractional-order chaotic (hyperchaotic) systems

In this Letter, a new lag projective synchronization for fractional-order chaotic (hyperchaotic) systems is proposed, which includes complete synchronization, anti-synchronization, lag synchronization, generalized projective synchronization. It is shown that the slave system synchronizes the past state of the driver up to a scaling factor. A suitable controller for achieving the lag projective synchronization is designed based on the stability theory of linear fractional-order systems and the pole placement technique. Two examples are given to illustrate effectiveness of the scheme, in which the lag projective synchronizations between fractional-order chaotic Rössler system and fractional-order chaotic Lü system, between fractional-order hyperchaotic Lorenz system and fractional-order hyperchaotic Chen system, respectively, are successfully achieved. Corresponding numerical simulations are also given to verify the analytical results.     

Synchronization of Chaotic Oscillations in Mutually Coupled Semiconductor Lasers

Synchronization of chaotic oscillations in mutually coupled semiconductor lasers is experimentally investigated. Synchronization of chaotic outputs from mutually injected lasers is observed not only in low frequency fluctuation regimes but also in high frequency fluctuation regions on the nano-second time scale. It is shown that the synchronization of our results is based not on complete chaos synchronization but on injection phenomena in laser systems, so called generalized chaos synchronization.