利用时域有限差分法模拟介质纳米波导的导波特性

利用时域有限差分法模拟介质纳米波导的导波性质,研究了不同结构波导中的光传输特性.结果表明,通过设计合适的纳米波导结构,可以达到纳米尺度下导波和滤波的目的.     

二维各向同性均匀随机介质中平面波的传播及其局域性

讨论了二维各向同性均匀随机介质中平面波的传播及其局域性.假设二维随机介质具有各向同性窄带高斯谱,运用随机泛函理论给出了二维介质中随机平面驻波的解析近似解及其幅度和相位的定量统计特性.计算结果证实了波在随机介质中传播时的局域性.将二维介质中的平面波和柱面波的传播特性作了对比.数值结果模拟了二维随机介质场及平面驻波,并验证了本文结果的正确性. 关键词： 随机介质 随机泛函 平面波 局域性     

各向异性超常媒质矩形波导的导波特性研究

研究中通过建立和求解填充各向异性超常媒质的矩形波导TE模式和TM模式的波动方程和场分布方程,讨论了各向异性超常媒质矩形波导的有效介电常数、有效磁导率、相位常数以及传输系数与所填充超常媒质本构参数之间的变化关系.研究发现,填充了各向异性超常媒质的矩形波导的导波特性在截止频率之上的频率区域,其导波特性由所填充超常媒质的横向本构参数决定,而与超常媒质的纵向本构参数无关.但是,在截止频率之下的频率区域,该矩形波导的导波特性则由所填充超常媒质的横向本构参数和纵向本构参数共同决定.研究中通过典型的计算实例对所得到的结 关键词： 各向异性 超常媒质 矩形波导 导波特性     

光在非均匀介质中传播规律的演示

光在介质中的传播规律遵循费马原理,如：在均匀介质中,光沿直线传播．在非均匀介质中,光的传播轨迹比较复杂,与非均匀介质的状态有密切关系．尽管海市蜃楼和沙漠幻影是大自然中能够看到的光在非均匀介质中的传播现象,但只有在一定条件下才能出现,不是随时可以看到的．为了能在光学教学中让学生能够看到光在非均匀介质中的传播,本文利用白糖溶液和水之间扩散形成的浓度非均匀区域,实现了光线的非直线传播．通过光线实际传播的路径,计算了非均匀区域液体折射率的相对变化．这一演示实验取材简单,容易实现,对学生思维训练具有一定的借鉴意义．     

光线在非均匀折射率介质中传播的一种研究方法

本文从简单的折射定律出发,导出了在类透镜介质中光线传播的光线矩阵,并且通过引入等效折射率,从而比较直观地研究了高斯光束和超高斯光束的自聚焦现象,所得结果与其它方法处理的结果一致.     

光在不均匀介质中弯曲传播现象的演示

光在不均匀介质中弯曲传播现象的演示刘永钊（福州市一中３５０００１）一、器材设备及制作卫．矩形透明水箱．用玻璃胶将２—３ｍｍ厚的无色平板玻璃粘制成长５０ｃｍ高３０ｃｍ宽１０ｃｍ左右的长方形水箱（或用氯仿粘制无色透明有机塑料平板）．如图１所示．２·１０Ｌ...     

基于左手介质后向波特性的微带天线小型化研究

基于色散性稳定、频带宽、电尺寸小的左手介质结构单元，设计了一种左手介质和传统介质相结合的微带天线基板结构，利用左手介质的后向波效应对传统介质中传播后的电磁波进行相位补偿，从而实现微带天线小型化设计.理论计算和数值仿真结果表明，工作于4.7 GHz的微带天线的物理尺寸被减小了37.92%，突破了传统微带天线的半波长要求的限制，而小型化的微带天线的增益、带宽等性能方面与传统天线相当，证明了用左手介质小型化微带天线的可行性和实用性.     

无限流体中孔隙介质圆柱周向导波的传播特性

为研究无限大流体约束的孔隙圆柱中周向导波的传播规律,分析孔隙参数对导波传播特性的影响,建立了无限流体中孔隙介质圆柱的理论模型,利用孔隙介质弹性波动理论,建立了周向导波频散方程,通过数值模拟计算得到无限流体中孔隙介质圆柱的频散曲线,探讨了圆柱半径和孔隙参数对导波传播特性的影响,并对导波的衰减特性进行了分析;通过数值计算,得到了周向导波的时域波形,讨论了孔隙参数对波形的影响.结果表明,孔隙介质圆柱半径的改变影响圆柱尺度,孔隙度的改变影响孔隙介质中体声波的波速,都对周向导波频散曲线产生一定的影响,所得到的频散曲线特征及衰减曲线与时域波形吻合.研究结果对开展无限流体中孔隙介质圆柱的超声无损评价提供了一定的理论参考.     

平面波在横向各向同性均匀介质中的传播

导出均匀各向异性介质当中具有横向各向同性性质的一类介质中平面波的严格解,给出了慢度曲面的三维分布图形,研究了属于这类介质的单向纤维增强复合材料中声波的传播规律。平面波的特征用慢度矢量、波矢量、偏振矢量和群速度等物理量来刻画.由于引入了描述介质各向异性特性的方向矢量,各物理量最终以与座标系无关的形式来表达,因而具有普遍的适用性。     

非均匀介质对强激光传播的影响

以强激光应用在化学工程中所遇到的物理问题为背景，研究介质的热透镜效应、吸收强弱、吸收饱和程度以及介质的流动等因素对激光传播的影响。根据一组简化模型，提出了描述光场行为的方程组，给出了不同情况下介质的温度分布情况、光线在介质中的变化行为以及激光光强的分布化情况。所得结果，对光化学工程设计有一定的参考价值。     

Propagation characteristics of guided waves in a rod surrounded by an infinite solid medium

The dispersion and excitation characteristics of the guided waves in a rod surrounded by an infinite solid medium (cladding) are investigated. First, the bisection technique is employed to find all the roots of the dispersion function on the basis of theoretical analysis and to obtain the complex phase and group velocity dispersion curves of the guided modes. Second, according to their different dispersion characteristics, the guided modes are divided into two categories: normal modes and Stoneley modes. And it is concluded that the normal modes merely exist in the “hard cladding” model in which the cladding’s shear velocity is larger than the rod’s; while the Stoneley modes in cylindrical interface are highly dispersive and merely exist in the model whose acoustical parameters satisfied the existence condition of the Stoneley waves. Third, the seldom discussed issue, the excitation mechanisms of the guided waves, excited by three source models: symmetric point source, axial and radial force sources, are simulated respectively. Attention is paid on the dominant mode which has better excitation sensitivity and the suitable excitation frequency range. Moreover, the propagation characteristics of the Stoneley modes, ignored in previous references, are analyzed and compared with those of the normal modes.     

被孔隙介质约束的弹性杆中的导波*

为了研究导波在被孔隙介质约束的弹性杆结构中的传播规律,分析孔隙参数对导波传播特性的影响,本文建立了无限大孔隙介质包裹圆柱体的理论模型,利用孔隙介质弹性波动理论,分析了导波的频散曲线,以及圆柱半径和孔隙参数对于导波传播特性的影响。结果表明,在该结构中传播的纵向导波存在频散特性。内部圆柱半径的改变影响波导结构,从而影响导波传播。外部孔隙介质的渗透率对于导波频散的影响较小,孔隙度的改变影响孔隙介质体波波速,从而影响导波频散曲线的截止频率。同时,导波存在较小的衰减,且衰减随孔隙度增大而增大。这些结果对于后续开展无限大介质包裹弹性杆结构的超声无损评价提供了一定的理论参考。     

Dispersion relations of waves in a rod embedded in an elastic medium

The dispersion relations of waves propagating in a system consisting of an elastic rod of radius a embedded in a linear elastic medium are investigated, and phase speeds of waves of wavelength λ which propagate under steady state conditions are determined. The dispersive behaviour is found to be dependent on several non-dimensional parameters defined by the geometric ratio $\text{a}\text{λ}$, as well as on non-dimensional ratios of the rod-medium properties. It is shown that the resulting waves which can propagate under steady state conditions are surface waves which decay with the radial distance and which permit no radiation damping of energy. It is further shown that such waves can propagate freely only if the propagation speed of longitudinal waves in the corresponding free rod is less than that of shear waves propagating in the medium. Results are presented by means of dispersion curves and surfaces. From a study of the analytical results obtained, lower and upper bounds on the phase speeds are established.     

井孔中多极源在分层介质的声场模拟方法*

水平分层地层是常见的地质模型,为了获得地下水平分层介质中声波测井的响应并了解声波在其中的传播规律,需要对该模型进行声场数值模拟,通常采用基于时域有限差分的数值模拟方法。然而对于地下数百米井段的声场模拟,如何最大化地减小数值模拟的计算区域,提高计算速度和节省内存,是必须考虑的策略问题。本文中,我们提出了动态计算区域的仿真策略,给出了计算区域选取的优化方案,并通过算例验证策略的有效性。假设发射器分布在阵列接收器下方,模拟结果表明,当声源距离下方最近的分层边界超过2米时,位于仪器下方的所有分层介质可以在计算中忽略不计。对于位于阵列接收器上方的分层边界,在选取计算区域时,也同样采用类似的策略。利用这样的策略,我们连续快速模拟了多层介质中单极子和偶极子声波测井响应,其中纵波和横波速度提取结果与输入的连续分层介质参数吻合。应用这种策略,可开发出数百米甚至数千米的井孔声场连续快速仿真的数值模拟软件。     

Guided waves in a monopile of an offshore wind turbine

We study the guided waves in a structure which consists of two overlapping steel plates, with the overlapping section grouted. This geometry is often encountered in support structures of large industrial offshore constructions, such as wind turbine monopiles. It has been recognized for some time that the guided wave technology offers distinctive advantages for the ultrasonic inspections and health monitoring of structures of this extent. It is demonstrated that there exist advantageous operational regimes of ultrasonic transducers guaranteeing a good inspection range, even when the structures are totally submerged in water, which is a consideration when the wind turbines are deployed off shore.     

Study on light scattering by a multilayered infinite cylinder immersed in an absorbing medium

On the basis of the theory of electromagnetic scattering of plane waves by a multilayered cylinder, analytic solutions are developed for single scattering properties of an inhomogeneous cylinder embedded in an absorbing medium with normal incidence, and the rapid recursive algorithm is given. Results show that computations for scattering field in our code are extended to fairly large parameters, up to 10,000 and 10⁶ in number of layers. Some examples are simulated to validate the code, and compared with the published results with good agreement. The variations of the scattering matrix with the scattering angles of the homogeneous and inhomogeneous cylinders are simulated. The results show that the scattering matrix depends closely on the refractive index of the surroundings, and the explanation of the scattering mechanism is given.