MgB2/Fe带材Jc的各向异性及MgB2芯织构和成分不均一性的研究

本文研究了在不同磁场方向和温度下非原位Fe包套MgB2单芯带Jc的各向异性,通过对各种工艺条件下带材中MgB2芯的X-ray衍射图进行拟合分析和计算,比较了MgB2芯在Fe-MgB2界面和中心处的织构度和成份不均一性.研究发现带材Jc的各向异性受初始粉末颗粒尺寸的影响.由于受套管材料强度和形变加工工艺的影响,MgB2芯在Fe-MgB2界面处比在中心处有较强的织构.在MgB2-Fe的界面处,700℃淬火样品的X-ray衍射图中发现了由中间相Fe23B6生成的金属间化合物Fe2B.另外还研究了MgB4和MgO等主要杂质相的形成原因.     

热处理条件对MgB2带材物理性能的影响

用Mg和B的混合粉体以及用MgB2粉体作为起始材料，不锈钢作为外鞘，分别制备出MgB2超导带材，并通过不同的烧结工艺对MgB2带子进行热处理．系统地对比研究了样品在不同制备条件下的和Jc不同的内在根源，提出制备性能优异的MgB2带材的可能途径．     

热处理条件对MgB2带材物理性能的影响

用Mg和B的混合粉体以及用MgB2粉体作为起始材料,不锈钢作为外鞘,分别制备出MgB2超导带材,并通过不同的烧结工艺对MgB2带子进行热处理.系统地对比研究了样品在不同制备条件下的和Jc不同的内在根源,提出制备性能优异的MgB2带材的可能途径.     

MgB2超导线圈的交流损耗仿真和实验研究

本文采用MgB2／Fe/Cu单芯复合线材制作了一个小型实验线圈，并以此为基础，对用MgB2线、带材制成的线圈在承载较大电流情况下的交流损耗特性进行了仿真和实验研究，结果表明，为使MgB2／Fe／Cu复合线材适于电力应用，应设法大幅降低基体损耗．     

石墨掺杂MgB2线材制备及其超导性能研究

利用原位粉末套管法制备出石墨掺杂的MgB2-xCx／Fe（x=0．00，0．05，0．10）超导线材，采用两种工艺制度对线材进行了最终热处理．结果显示，石墨掺杂可以有效地提高MgB2线材的临界电流密度（Jc）和磁通钉扎力（Fp）．常规热处理线材的Jc（B）和Fp（B）性能均优于快速热处理的，其主要原因是不同热处理制度导致的显微结构差异．     

MgB2超导线圈的交流损耗仿真和实验研究

本文采用MgB2/Fe/Cu单芯复合线材制作了一个小型实验线圈,并以此为基础,对用MgB2线、带材制成的线圈在承载较大电流情况下的交流损耗特性进行了仿真和实验研究,结果表明,为使MgB2/Fe/Cu复合线材适于电力应用,应设法大幅降低基体损耗.     

石墨掺杂MgB2线材制备及其超导性能研究

利用原位粉末套管法制备出石墨掺杂的MgB2-xCx/Fe (x= 0.00, 0.05, 0.10)超导线材,采用两种工艺制度对线材进行了最终热处理.结果显示,石墨掺杂可以有效地提高MgB2线材的临界电流密度(Jc)和磁通钉扎力(Fp).常规热处理线材的Jc(B)和Fp(B)性能均优于快速热处理的,其主要原因是不同热处理制度导致的显微结构差异.     

热处理温度对MgB2超导线材临界电流密度及磁通钉扎的影响

将化学计量比为1∶2的Mg粉和B粉直接装管,采用原位粉末套管(PIT)技术制备了MgB2/Fe线材,在四个温度条件下(650℃,750℃,850℃,950℃)进行了热处理.采用四引线法测量了不同温度和磁场下线材的临界电流密度(Jc),分析了热处理温度对磁通钉扎的影响,采用扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)研究了线材中MgB2超导相的微观结构.结果表明:热处理温度对MgB2/Fe线材的Jc和磁通钉扎特性有显著影响,最佳热处理温度应为750℃.     

原位法MgB2-B4C复相超导体的成相与特性

以B4C粉末与Mg粉为原料,采用真空同相反应法成功制备了复相MgB2超导块材,研究了不同制备工艺下MgB2的成相,测量分析了材料的X射线衍射谱、扫描电镜图像、低温电输运特性等.结果显示,合成的复相超导材料含MgB2超导相、B4C绝缘相和少量MgB2C2杂相,MgB2超导相含量与B4C粒径、合成温度、反应时间等有关,并在...     

热处理工艺对先位法 MgB2带材临界电流密度性能的影响

本文采用先位粉末装管法(ex-situ PIT)制备了12芯Ni基MgB_2超导带材,并研究了三种不同的热处理工艺对带材可加工性能、MgB_2-Ni反应层相成分、芯丝微观结构及输运临界电流性能的影响.研究表明:通过采用适当的热处理和加工工艺,可以有效改善超导带材的可加工性能,调控MgB_2芯丝与Ni基体的反应层厚度,从而获得各组元变形均匀、晶体连接性优良的带材.采用最佳的工艺获得的带材在4.2K、2T下临界电流(Ic)达到212A,临界电流密度为(Jc)为8.8×104 A·cm~(-2).     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.