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夫兰克-赫兹实验最佳工作参量的确定 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
讨论了充氩夫兰克-赫兹管中阴极电压Vf、第一栅极电压VG1和拒斥电压VP等因素对夫兰克-赫兹实验IP-VG2曲线的影响,确定了Ar原子夫兰克-赫兹实验的最佳工作参量. 相似文献
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优化夫兰克-赫兹实验条件 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用改造后的第一代夫兰克-赫兹实验仪,通过计算机输入不同实验参量,得到相应实验条件的曲线及数据;在同一坐标界面中显示不同参量的多条实验曲线,分析了温度T、灯丝电压UF、第一栅极电压UG1K、阻滞电压UR及第二栅极电压UG2K对夫兰克-赫兹实验曲线形状及测量精度的影响,进而确定了各参量的最佳值. 相似文献
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针对夫兰克-赫兹实验中反复发现的板极电流随控制栅电压的增大先增大后减小这一非单调性变化趋势,就控制栅电压对板极电流的作用机理展开实验探究与理论分析.在说明控制栅电压通过抑制空间电荷限流效应而对板流起增大作用外,本文着重基于冉绍尔-汤森效应、分子动理论、傅里叶导热定律及碰撞空间与碰撞概率理论揭示了控制栅电压通过削弱阴极本底电流与增大碰撞概率对板极电流的减小作用,并结合阴极发射理论提出了上述双重作用在控制栅电压不同变动范围内的主导性互换机制,最终形成了完整的控制栅电压对板流的双重对立作用机理. 相似文献
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智能化夫兰克-赫兹实验中,通过测量灯丝电流的峰-谷点变化来确定管内所充物质的第一激发电位,灯丝电流的测量直接影响到实验的精度.本文介绍了智能化夫兰克-赫兹实验仪中灯丝电流信号的数据采集模块CS5506,给出了CS5506 A/D转换模块与Atmega16的接口电路和软件程序.最后用该实验仪进行不同温度参数的实验,测量获得理想的实验曲线和实验数据表. 相似文献
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夫兰克-赫兹实验的计算机数据采集和处理系统 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对传统的夫兰克-赫兹实验进行了计算机接口改造,改造后的实验利用计算机自动控制栅压的扫描,对板极电流自动采集,并显示选择征曲线,高位数的接口板使科数据的准确度更高,有利于提高曲线的分辨率。用计算机进行控制比手动实验更节省时间,可以完成更多的实验内容。 相似文献
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This article reports about the ion sheath thickness variation occurring in front of a negatively biased plate immersed in the target plasma region of a double plasma device. The target plasma is produced due to the local ionization of neutral gas by the high energetic electrons coming from the source region (main discharge region). It is observed that for an increase in cathode voltage (filament bias voltage) in the source region, the ion flux into the plate increases. As a result, the sheath at the plate contracts. Again, for an increase in source anode voltage (magnetic cage bias), the ion flux to the plate decreases. As a result, the sheath expands at the plate. The ion sheath formed at the separation grid of the device is found to expand for an increase in cathode voltage and it contracts for an increase in the anode voltage of the main discharge region. One important observation is that the applied anode bias can control the Bohm speed of the ions towards the separation grid. Furthermore, it is observed that the ion current collected by the separation grid is independent of changes in plasma density in the diffusion region but is highly dependent on the source plasma parameters. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
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The discharge characteristics and the parameters of the cathode plasma in a two-stage ion source with a grid plasma cathode and a magnetic trap in the anode region are investigated. It is shown that an increase in the gas pressure and the accompanying increase in the reverse ion current in the bipolar diode between the cathode and anode plasmas lead to an increase in the cathode plasma potential and a transition of the cathode into the regime of electron emission from the open plasma boundary. The dependence of the ion current extracted from the anode plasma on the area of the exit aperture of the hollow cathode and the mesh size of the grid plasma cathode is explained. The conditions at which the ion emission current from the anode plasma is maximum are determined. The potential difference at the bipolar diode is measured by using the probe method. It is shown that, when the gas pressures reaches a critical value determined by the mesh size of the grid plasma cathode, the discharge passes into a contracted operating mode, in which the ion current extracted from the anode plasma decreases severalfold. 相似文献
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本文基于IE514分离规结构, 建立了碳纳米管阴极电离规物理模型, 根据电离规标准方程, 利用离子光学模拟软件SIMION 8.0分别研究了电极电压对灵敏度和Igrid/Ie的影响. 结果表明, 随着阳极/门极电压比值增大(Vgrid/Vgate), Igrid/Ie也将增大, 然而, 当阳极电压增大时, 会导致灵敏度降低, 进而影响真空测量下限的延伸; 该模拟结果与相关文献报道的实验结果符合性很好. 因此, 选择合适的电极电压, 将有利于提高灵敏度, 增大阳极电流, 进一步延伸真空测量下限. 本文所采用的数值模拟方法可推广应用于各种新型碳纳米管阴极极高真空电离规的研发和理论分析中, 为解决极高真空测量难题提供了有效的研究途径.
关键词:
碳纳米管阴极电离规
电极电压
灵敏度
阳极电流 相似文献
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Lutz Michael A. 《IEEE transactions on plasma science. IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society》1977,5(4):273-277
A triode crossed field tube has been operated as a high voltage on-off switch tube. A third, partially transparent (grid) electrode is interposed between the anode and cathode and electrically tied to the cathode by a grid leak resistor. High voltage is first applied to the anode and cathode; the magnetic field is then raised to the conduction level (~ 0.01 Tesla). Ignition does not occur because the magnetic field is too low in the grid-anode gap and the electric field is zero in the cathode-grid gap. Pulsing the grid positive relative to the cathode (~ 1 kV) then results in breakdown of the cathode-grid gap; plasma comunication between the two gaps then fully ignites the tube and closes the main power circuit. Grid ignition has been achieved at 50 kV as well as grid ignition followed by current interruption against 10 kV. These levels were limited by the use of a modified, laboratory tube and not by the physics of the technique. 相似文献
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通过粒子模拟和实验研究相结合的方法,研究了磁绝缘线振荡器的阴极烧蚀与输入电压波形的关系,找到了造成阴极烧蚀的根本原因,给出了电子束回轰阴极的清晰图像,并通过对低阻抗加速器平台输出电压波形的调整,抑制了反向电压,解决了器件的阴极烧蚀问题.研究结果表明:在正向电压作用下已经发射出来的电子束在超过一定幅度的反向电压作用下发生反向运动并回轰阴极,产生反向电流并造成器件阴极的烧蚀,因此注入电压下降沿之后的反向电压是引起磁绝缘线振荡器的阴极烧蚀的最根本因素. 相似文献
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A method of obtaining high current density from a small fraction of the total emitting area was developed. This was done by using a low positive DC voltage on the control grid of the TWT in conjunction with a negative (suppressing) voltage on the anode. Current density that was a significant fraction of that for pulsed anode operation was obtained and the grid dissipation was so low that the pulsed operation was avoidable. Underheating (slump) curves taken by varying cathode temperature in this mode were found to correlate well with pulsed anode results, and accurately to predict cathode activity under normal operating conditions. 相似文献
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Ben-Shalom A. Boxman R.L. Goldsmith S. 《IEEE transactions on plasma science. IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society》1993,21(5):435-439
The ion current collected by a probe biased at the cathode potential and located behind an annular anode of a vacuum arc is measured as a function of distance to the cathode and background argon pressure. The arc is formed between a circular Cu cathode and an annular anode. Arc current is 170 A, and the arc duration is 0.9 s. The arc is ignited by momentary contact of a movable W trigger rod (held at anode potential) with the cathode. Arc voltage, arc current, and ion current are measured using an analog data acquisition card and a personal computer. Arc voltage and arc current values are stable during the arc and their normalized standard deviation is less than 0.07. Ion current is noisy and fluctuates during the arc with a normalized standard deviation that varies from 0.5 at p <0.1 torr up to more than 1.5 at p >1 torr 相似文献
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Ridge N.A. Hirst P.F. Maitland A. Parkes D.M. 《IEEE transactions on plasma science. IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society》1996,24(6):1431-1439
The operation of three types of experimental high voltage microwave-triggered switches developed by the University of St. Andrews and DRA Malvern is described. The POLOTRON and the microwave-triggered three-gap-switch (MTGS) are closing switches and the microwave-triggered tacitron, (MITTON) is a closing and opening switch. The switches are robust hydrogen thyratron type devices, with an annular geometry, where closure is achieved using microwave fields to ionize the low pressure gas within the switch. In the case of the MITTON, the switch is opened by the application of a negative bias voltage to a large area metal grid. The POLOTRON is designed for fast switching applications. Its annular geometry results in an inherent low inductance and anode fall-times of less than 3 ns have been measured for a cold-cathode POLOTRON at charging voltages up to 30 kV. The MTGS, also a cold cathode switch, was developed for use in the DUOTRON transient generator (a voltage doubler). Output voltages of up to 16 kV have been measured at repetition rates of 90 Hz. The MITTON has closing characteristics similar to the POLOTRON and anode voltage fall-times of less than 10 ns have been measured at voltages up to 16 kV. Opening times of 0.5 μs have been achieved with an anode voltage of 10 kV and current of 10 A 相似文献