直链烷烃结构型和凝聚型性质的递变规律研究

用图示法和非线性规划的方法对直链烷烃同系物最高成键分子轨道能级、最低成键分子轨道能级,电离电位,氧化半波电位,正常沸点,正常熔点、临界压力、临界温度、密度、折光率、表面张力和粘度和１２种结构型性质和凝聚型性质的变化规律进行研究,结果发现,直链烷烃结构型性质和凝聚型性质一般能遵守同系对数递变规律,各种结构型性能和凝聚型性能均与对数递变函数呈优良的相关性,相关系数均大于０．９９,用同系对数递变规律对直     

机械振动理论方法与直链烷烃性质研究

将直链烷烃分子看成是一个多自由度振动系统 ,用机械振动理论中的传递矩阵法计算了C2 ～C3 2 直链烷烃的固有频率 ,分析了固有频率随化合物结构单元的变化规律 .发现各阶固有频率中的基频与直链烷烃的结构型性质呈现出优良的相关性 ,用各阶固有频率之和表示的总频与直链烷烃的加和型性质也呈现出优良的相关性 ,将两者组合后还能够反映直链烷烃的凝聚型性质的变化规律 .在此基础上建立了直链烷烃的物化性能与基频和总频之间的定量相关模型 .用该模型对直链烷烃的电离能、沸点、临界温度、临界压力、密度、粘度、标准生成焓、离子标准生成焓、常压热容、折光指数等 10种不同类型性质的实验数据进行回归分析 ,相关系数均大于 0 .999.     

铕吡啶羧酸配合物[Eu(C7H3O4N)(CH3COO)[(H2O)]·2H2O的合成、表征及其结构

在水热条件下,以2,5-吡啶二甲酸为配体合成得到稀土Eu3 为中心离子的配位聚合物[Eu(C7H3O4N)(CH3COO)(H2O]·2H2O.用元素分析、红外光谱、单晶衍射对配合物的组成和结构进行了表征.晶体结构测试表明,标题配合物属于单斜晶系,空间群为P2(1)/c.在晶体结构中,构筑单位是含有Eu-Eu金属键的双核重复单元,六分子的吡啶二甲酸配体均以五齿配位的形式桥连4个Eu3 离子,从而将邻近的双核单元连接起来形成三维结构.     

铕吡啶羧酸配合物[Eu（C7H3O4N）（CH3COO）（H2O）]·2H2O的合成、表征及其结构

在水热条件下,以2,5-吡啶二甲酸为配体合成得到稀土Eu^3＋为中心离子的配位聚合物[Eu（C7H3O4N）（CH3COO）（H2O）]·2H2O。用元素分析、红外光谱、单晶衍射对配合物的组成和结构进行了表征。晶体结构测试表明,标题配合物属于单斜晶系,空间群为P2（1）/c。在晶体结构中,构筑单位是含有Eu-Eu金属键的双核重复单元,六分子的吡啶二甲酸配体均以五齿配位的形式桥连4个Eu^3＋离子,从而将邻近的双核单元连接起来形成三维结构。     

有机同系物性质递变的基本规律

发现了有机同系性质递变的两个基本规律：等差递变和等比递变，它们可分别表示为Ｐ＝ａ＋ｂｎ和Ｐ＝ｃ＋ｄａ，式中Ｐ同系物的某种性能，ｎ的同系物的重复结构单元数，ａ，ｂ，ｃ，ｄ和α为系数，研究结果表明，同系物的加和型性能一般遵守等差递变规律，如标准生成焓和临界体积等，结构型性能通常遵守等中比递变规律，如电离能，电子亲和能，密度，沸点，粘度与表面张力等。     

基于第一性原理计算IrSb压力相变

基于第一性原理并结合粒子群优化算法的卡里普索(CALYPSO)晶体结构预测方法,研究在0～100 GPa压力下,过渡金属铱和类金属锑组成的化合物IrSb的相变行为和物理性质。研究发现:在常压下,具有立方结构α-IrSb相的空间群为P63/mmc,与实验结果一致;在压力为16.4 GPa时,发现了一种新型立方结构β-IrSb相,其空间群为C2/c;在76.5～100 GPa压力范围内,其稳定结构为空间群是P-1的γ-IrSb相。声子色散关系计算结果表明:α-IrSb相、β-IrSb相和γ-IrSb相在各自的布里渊区没有出现虚频,具有动力学稳定性。计算得出3个相的形成焓均小于零,说明3个相均具有热力学稳定性。能带结构计算结果表明:3个相的晶体结构在费米面附近导带和价带均发生交叠,3个相均呈现金属性。计算并讨论了各相的电荷转移情况,研究发现:Ir原子是受主,Sb原子是施主,电荷从Sb原子向Ir原子转移。     

制冷剂二元混合物液体粘度预测方程

针对目前较缺乏适用性强的预测液体混合物输运物性的方法的现状,本文作者通过对大量实验数据的分析和规律研究,提出了一种新的预测直链烷烃和直链烷烃的卤代物类物质液体二元混合物粘度的方程。该方程形式简单,精度可以满足工程应用需要,且具有较广的适用性。     

高压下Ir2P晶体结构预测与物理性质

在压强为0～100 GPa范围内,运用CALYPSO结构搜索技术,结合基于密度泛函理论中的第一性原理方法,对Ir_2P晶体进行结构预测,并对预测出的晶体结构和物理性质进行细致的研究。在常压下,预测得出α-Ir_2P相具有立方结构,其空间群为Fm3m,与实验所得结构一致;压强为86.4 GPa时,发生结构相变,由α-Ir_2P相转变为β-Ir_2P相,为四方结构,其空间群为I4/mmm。在相变过程中,晶体体积发生坍塌,并且出现不连续变化的一级相变。电子性质计算表明,86.4 GPa时,预测的β-Ir_2P相中导带和价带在费米面附近发生交叠,表明其结构具有金属性质;电子局域函数计算表明,β-Ir_2P相具有丰富的化学键,包括极性共价键、金属键和离子键;Bader电荷转移计算得出,由于Ir原子具有较强的电负性,β-Ir_2P相中每个P原子向每个Ir原子电荷转移0.19e。     

重自共轭原子核中α凝聚体物理性质的理论研究（英文）

原子核多体系统中可以存在一类被称为α凝聚体的奇异物理态。该奇异态可以被视为玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚在原子核物理中的推广。一般认为,α凝聚体不仅可以存在于~(12)C中,也可以存在于诸如~(16)O,~(20)Ne,~(24)Mg,~(28)Si等质量更重的自共轭原子核中。重自共轭原子核中的α凝聚体的物理性质是核结构理论重要的研究课题,相关理论计算可以为实验研究提供有益参考。主要介绍了该研究方向的基本理论框架,包括Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-Rpke波函数方法、Yamada-Schuck模型,以及近期提出的半解析近似方法。还讨论了α粒子间四体相互作用对α凝聚体物理性质的影响,并对α凝聚体破裂和一维α凝聚体等可能的研究方向做了简要论述。     

平面应变问题广义有限元法

结合广义有限元和理性有限元,针对平面应变问题提出一种广义四边形单元.该单元考虑泊松效应,以节点位移自由度约束弹性力学平面应变方程的半解析解,构造单元位移模式的附加项,较准确地反映真实位移场,提高了单元的计算精度.首先推导广义单元及其等参单元的形函数,之后设计分片试验和数值算例来验证单元的精度,数值算例表明,在规则和非规则网格下新单元计算精度均优于传统有限元和广义有限元.新单元精度高且易于程序实现,可应用于实际工程的结构分析.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.