核磁共振发现50周年

核磁共振在当前有着广泛和重要的应用，文中简明扼要地介绍了核磁共振发现的历史背景和经过，以及相关磁共振的发现，指出了核磁共振的特点、主要进展和多方面的应用，阐述了从核磁共振谱发展到核磁共振成像的重要意义及这种成像的特点；最后对核磁共振的发展作了若干展望。     

现场岩屑核磁共振分析技术的实验研究

提出了利用核磁共振技术进行现场岩屑油层物理参数定量分析的方法. 在室内实 验研究的基础上，对比分析了核磁共振岩屑分析与核磁共振岩心分析的异同，对现场核磁共振岩屑分析的可行性进行了研究，给出了利用核磁共振技术确定岩屑孔隙度、渗透率等重 要油层物理参数的方法.     

核磁共振实验的计算机辅助教学

基于核磁共振的经典理论——Bloch方程,运用Matlab程序对核磁共振实验的各个环节(观察核磁共振信号、自由衰减信号、自旋回波信号等)进行了可视化模拟,帮助学生认识和理解核磁共振,辅助实验教学.     

核磁共振快速成像及其展望

快速成像为当前核磁共振成像技术中焦点之一。人体器官的运动、被验者的移动，均造成图像的缺陷，速度慢亦增加了成像成本，限制了核磁共振成像的普及。快速的核磁共振成像可能会给核磁共振成像带来实质性的变化，文章回顾了核磁共振快速成像技术发展的历史，讨论了它的现状和未来。     

大白鼠脑中风模型的核磁共振成像(英文)

核磁共振成像现今已经成为临床神经影像的常规工具.在诊断、评估和监测中风从急性到慢性的各个阶段的脑组织的变化过程中,核磁共振成像扮演了一个重要的角色.该综述提供了多种核磁共振成像方法的描述,以及选择性地展示了作者在美国亨利福特医院神经科核磁共振成像实验室所获得的大白鼠栓塞中风模型的核磁共振成像研究成果.     

核磁共振成像教学实验

利用超小型核磁共振成像仪，完成了核磁共振空间编码成像的一系列实验．研究了超小型核磁共振成像仪的性能，并对2种观赏植物、动物骨骼、蛔虫、蚯蚓等生物样品进行了核磁共振成像以及T1加权和氢核密度加权成像．     

蛋白质分子核磁共振谱峰的特性及其化学位移归属

尽可能完全、准确地归属蛋白质分子的核磁共振(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,NMR)谱峰,是解析可信赖、高质量的蛋白质三维空间溶液结构的首要条件.自动归属软件的开发和应用,已经方便并加快了蛋白质分子核磁共振谱峰的归属进程.然而,对蛋白质核磁共振研究领域的新手来说,因为缺乏对蛋白质分子的核磁共振谱峰特性的系统认识而可能发生对自动归属结果的错误指认或指认不完全,从而导致蛋白质结构解析的错误或偏差.该文针对蛋白质分子中的核磁共振谱峰特性,比如同位素效应和立体异构等,结合具体的蛋白质分子的核磁共振实验图谱,进行了较为详尽的论述,期望对从事蛋白质核磁共振的研究者在理解蛋白质分子的核磁共振谱峰特性及其归属方面有所裨益.     

核磁共振成像系列实验教学探讨

超小型核磁共振成像仪已经应用在近代物理实验教学中,该仪器可以研究各种样品的脉冲核磁共振.本文从教学内容和教学方法上对核磁共振成像实验进行了探讨·     

快速核磁共振测井实现方法的研究

测井速度慢一直是核磁共振测井所面临的主要困难之一.对核磁共振测井仪器磁体系统的设计作适当改进,无疑是解决该问题的一条有效途径. 有鉴于此,本文从理论上研究和推演出了两种快速核磁共振测井实现方法(预极化方法与加速极化方法),它们对于核磁共振测井仪器的磁体系统设计具有参考价值.计算和分析证明,采用这两种方法确实有助于提高核磁共振测井速度.     

陆相储层岩石核磁共振物理特征的实验研究

以中国大量存在的陆相沉积岩为对象,系统研究了岩石核磁共振特征与岩石物理性质的关系,详细阐述了将核磁共振测量参数正确地转化为石油工业可直接应用的油层物理参数的方法,对比阐明了核磁共振测量结果与常规岩心分析的异同.针对我国陆相沉积岩核磁共振的特有性质,与国外的一些研究结果进行了对比. 本文研究结果对在中国开展核磁共振石油工业应用具有重要意义.     

X ray spectroscopic intercomparison between hydrogenic ions of different Z as a method for determining Lamb shifts

Novel methods for determining the 1s Lamb shift of hydrogenic ions are outlined. In one method the energy of a 2–1 transition in the hydrogenic ion of nuclear charge Z is compared to a 4–2 transition in the hydrogenic ion of charge 2Z. A second method exploits close coincidences between Lyman series transitions in ions of similar Z. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A screened hydrogenic model using analytical potentials

The screened hydrogenic model and analytical potentials are tools widely used for atomic calculation of dense plasma physics. In this paper, we present a simple method to obtain screened hydrogenic energy levels and wave functions from analytical potentials for ions. Atomic data obtained using this model are compared satisfactorily with results of similar models and of more sophisticated self-consistent codes.     

Comparison of external electric and magnetic fields effect on binding energy of hydrogenic donor impurity in different shaped quantum wells

The effects of external electric and magnetic fields on the ground state binding energy of hydrogenic donor impurity are compared in square, V-shaped, and parabolic quantum wells. With the effective-mass envelope-function approximation theory, the ground state binding energies of hydrogenic donor impurity in InGaAsP/InP QWs are calculated through the plane wave basis method. The results indicate that as the quantum well width increases, the binding energy changes most fast in SQW. When the well width is fixed, the binding energy is the largest in VQW for the donor impurity located near the center of QWs. For the smaller and larger well width, the electric field effect on binding energy is the most significant in VQW and SQW, respectively. The magnetic field effect on binding energy is the most significant in VQW. The combined effects of electric and magnetic fields on the binding energy of hydrogenic donor impurity are qualitative consistent in different shaped QWs.     

Hydrogenic systems,frequency standards and fundamental constants

Hydrogenic (two-body) systems are the only atomic systems for which uncertainties in calculations of the energy levels approach the current state of the art in frequency measurement. This article discusses progress in the theory and measurement of transition frequencies in hydrogenic systems. These studies have relevance to the determination of fundamental constants and the testing of physical theories, especially quantum electrodynamics. A set of high accuracy calculable frequency standards could also be realized by using hydrogenic systems.     

Differential oscillator strengths and dipole polarizabilities for transitions of the helium sequence

The dipole radial integral for an initial discrete 1s state and a final continuum state has been calculated under the screened hydrogenic model. In this model, single-electron hydrogenic wave functions are employed and the initial and the final states are treated by two different effective-charge parameters. Numerical values of differential oscillator strengths for transitions from 1s 21S to the continuum for the helium sequence ions are obtained. Also calculated are the dipole polarizabilities, which are found to be in excellent agreement with the results of other authors.     

Magnetic field induced diamagnetic susceptibility of a hydrogenic donor in a GaN/AlGaN quantum dot

The binding energies of a hydrogenic donor in a GaN/AlGaN quantum dot are calculated in the influence of magnetic field. The calculations are carried out using the single-band effective mass approximation within a variational scheme. The magnetic field induced binding energy and diamagnetic susceptibility of the hydrogenic donor are obtained as a function of dot radius. Calculations have been carried out with and without the Zeeman effect through the energy-dependent effective mass. The diamagnetic shift of the hydrogenic donor is found for different dot radii. Our results show that (i) the binding energy is higher for smaller dot radii and the magnetic field effects are predominant for larger dot sizes, (ii) the binding energy is higher when the Zeeman effect is included for all the magnetic fields, (iii) the diamagnetic susceptibility increases with the magnetic field and is not pronounced for smaller dot radii and (iv) the diamagnetic shift has a good influence of larger dot radii.     

纤锌矿GaN/AlxGa1-xN应变柱形量子点中杂质态结合能及其压力效应

考虑应变及流体静压力,在有效质量近似下,利用变分法计算了无限高GaN/Al<,x>Ga<,1-x>N应变柱形量子点中类氢杂质结合能.结果表明,在量子点尺寸较小情况下,应变增加了杂质态结合能;而在量子点尺寸较大情况下,应变降低了杂质态结合能.随着Al摩尔分数的增加,杂质态结合能减小.杂质态结合能随着流体静压力的增加而增大...     

Early building up of the quasi Landau spectrum in the diamagnetic coulomb region

We report the results of experimental measurements on atomic diamagnetism in inter-l and inter-n mixing conditions. They have been obtained using high resolution techniques on highly hydrogenic M = ± 3 states of cesium, providing a pure experimental situation. Comparison with straightforward hydrogenic calculations and semi-classical predictions allow identification of the dominant lines of the spectrum which are shown to behave as precursors of the quasi Landau spectrum.     

Nonlinear optical rectification of a hydrogenic impurity in a disc-like quantum dot

An investigation of the nonlinear optical rectification of a hydrogenic impurity, which is in a two-dimensional disc-like quantum dot (QD) with parabolic confinement potential, has been performed by using the perturbation method in the effective mass approximation. Both the electric field and the confinement effects on the energy are investigated in detail. The results are presented as a function of the incident photon energy for the different values of the confinement strength and the electric field. It is found that the nonlinear optical properties of hydrogenic impurity states in a disc-like QD are strongly affected by the confinement strength and the electric field.     

The effects of pressure and hydrogenic donor impurity on the linear and nonlinear optical properties of a GaAs/GaAlAs nanowire superlattice

The combined effects of hydrostatic pressure, presence and absence of hydrogenic donor impurity are investigated on the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes of a GaAs/Ga_1−xAl_xAs nanowire superlattice. The wave functions and corresponding eigenvalues are calculated using finite difference method in the framework of effective mass approximation. Analytical expressions for the linear and third order nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes are obtained by means of compact-density matrix formalism. The linear and third order nonlinear absorption coefficient and refractive index changes are presented as a function of photon energy for different values of hydrostatic pressure, incident photon intensity and relaxation time in the presence and absence of hydrogenic donor impurity. It is found that the linear and third order nonlinear absorption coefficients, refractive index changes and resonance energy are quite sensitive to the presence of impurity and applied hydrostatic pressure. Moreover, the saturation in optical spectrum and relaxation time can be adjusted by increasing pressure in presence of impurity whereas the effect of hydrostatic pressure is negligible in the case of absence of hydrogenic impurity.