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1.
一种基于互易原理的超声功率新测量方法   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
寿文德 《应用声学》1996,15(4):6-9,46
本文从换能器的互易原理出发,利用平面波自易校准法获得换能器的自由场发送电流响应.根据平面活塞型换能器的衍射规律,推导出发射声功率的表达式.由此计算互易换能器在给定驱动电流(或电压)作用下的辐射超声功率.基于上述原理,使用自易校准装置测量了互易换能器的声功率一频率曲线.估计的测量不确定优于±20%.  相似文献   

2.
声光法测量声功率,是利用平面波超声在透明液体中对光波产生的衍射效应来测量的一种方法.它能测量紧贴换能器表面的辐射功率,并且对声场没有影响.适宜于测量医用超声治疗机换能器的表面辐射功率.此文叙述了实验方法,给出了实验结果,并把结果列成表,以便查阅.结论表明,此法测量简便,精度较高.  相似文献   

3.
针对非消声水池的声学测量应用,提出了一种在界面起伏的非消声水池中测量水下声源辐射声功率的方法。基于数值方法分析了在非消声水池中利用起伏界面改善低频声源辐射声功率测量的可行性,进一步在一个尺寸为1.2 m×1.0 m×0.8 m的非消声水池中开展实验研究,测量了水声换能器的辐射声功率。实验表明,相对于界面静止的水池,利用造波装置生成随机起伏界面后,声场扩散性明显改善:(1)水池的Schroeder频率从10015 Hz降低到8370 Hz,辐射声功率的测量范围向低频扩展;(2)结合空间平均技术测得的频响曲线起伏程度减小,与自由场值更接近,辐射声功率的测量结果更为准确。所提方法有助于提高非消声水池中水下目标声学特性的测量能力。  相似文献   

4.
进行了空气耦合超声声场测量的实验研究。使用激光多普勒测振仪测量由声波引起的激光路径上的介质折射率变化,进而得到空气和固体材料内部的时域瞬态声压。通过直接测量空耦换能器的辐射声功率,给出对单个空耦换能器灵敏度的直接评价方法。用空耦换能器激励K9玻璃板的漏兰姆波,观测到空气中的直达波和反射波、固体板内和空气中的漏兰姆波,实现了空气和固体中微弱声波的非侵入式实验测量,为空耦换能器的特性评估和空耦检测系统的声场测量提供了实验方法。  相似文献   

5.
岳舒  侯宏  于佳雨  王谦 《声学学报》2021,46(2):246-254
为了解决水下声源辐射声功率难以计算的问题,利用线阵声强缩放方法在波束形成声源识别的基础上,根据波束输出结果与声源辐射声功率之间的换算关系来获得相应的声功率。为了提高线阵声强缩放方法的水下声功率估算精度,给出了一定动态范围限制的主瓣区域积分方法,并通过仿真验证了该方法的有效性。在消声水池中开展了水下声功率估算的实验研究。在不同的测试距离下,对双声源条件下的单频以及宽带声源在阵列侧的辐射声功率进行了估算,以混响法的测量结果为参考值,研究了估算误差随声源频率、测试距离等影响因素的变化规律。实验结果表明,无论是单频还是宽带声源,声功率的最大估算误差不超过2.6 dB,在高频时不超过1.6 dB。验证了线阵声强缩放方法应用于水下声源辐射声功率估算的正确性与可行性。   相似文献   

6.
中国筝的声功率级测试   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
筝是中国古老的弹弦乐器。但迄今为止,对其声功率级一直未进行科学的测定。本文在一混响室内根据ISO及GB标准,对二十一弦筝的声功率级进行了首次测定。两位资深乐师在混响室内分别演奏各自的乐器,通过围绕乐师和乐器布置的四通道测试设备,对筝所辐射的声功率级和动态范围进行测定。测试结果表明,中国筝在以不同力度演奏单音、音阶和乐曲时所辐射的声功率级及其频率特性均有所不同。考虑到乐器演奏音阶时所辐射的声功率级及其动态范围与演奏乐曲时的声功率级接近,并且,音乐的空间感也大都在乐器以f力度演奏乐曲的强音标志乐段时最为显著,故此我们建议中国筝所辐射的声功率级用其以f力度演奏音阶时的平均声功率级表示。本文测试的两架中国筝以f力度演奏音阶时的平均声功率级为85.9dB。文中不仅首次公布了中国筝声功率级的测试结果,并且所介绍的测试方法对其它乐器声功率级测试也具有借鉴意义。民族乐器所辐射的声音性能的确定是民族音乐厅堂音质研究的基础。  相似文献   

7.
刘皓  雷成友  丁茫  李晓东 《应用声学》2014,33(2):177-183
变压器两侧常建有高大的防火墙,其从声学角度可视为刚性反射壁面,会改变变压器的辐射声场,进而影响变压器声功率测量结果。本文利用有限元、边界元等数值计算方法建立了变压器声辐射的仿真模型用以分析反射壁面对变压器声功率测量结果的影响,并通过实际测量验证了仿真计算所得结论。结果表明,反射壁面对变压器声功率测量结果的影响程度随反射壁面到变压器箱体距离增加而减弱,且当反射壁面距变压器箱体5 m以上时,其对变压器声功率基频及各谐波成份测量结果的影响均在2 dB以内。另外反射壁面对变压器噪声高频成份声功率测量结果的影响较大,而对100 Hz、200 Hz等低频成份测量结果影响较小,基本低于3 dB。  相似文献   

8.
曾淼  沈勇  黎付  杨增涛  王华 《声学学报》2017,42(1):103-108
探索一种简便的聚焦超声功率测量方法,利用压电陶瓷片直接接收超声信号,通过机电类比得到压电瞬态响应由压电片在声波作用力下引起受迫振动产生的电压响应与固有振动产生的高频衰减响应叠加而成,分析输出压电信号与换能器声功率之间的换算关系。对输出压电信号进行二次包络提取,获得表征声功率变化的电压幅度曲线,分别找出不同换能器驱动电压下包络曲线的最大峰值电压,将其平方值与声功率计所测声功率进行线性拟合,并对理论关系式中的比例系数进行标定。实验结果所得线性拟合度较高,且标定后所得声功率与声功率计所测值相对误差低于8.7%,证明了通过压电瞬态响应测量换能器声功率具有可行性。   相似文献   

9.
声强测量作为新的测试手段在噪声控制领域中应用愈来愈广。为了提高实验效率,扩大应用范围,本文实现了声强测量的计算机控制。编制了测算声功率及测绘声强三维分布图的应用软件。在此基础上,通过实验说明了声强测量在测量声功率及鉴别噪声源方面的应用及其优点。  相似文献   

10.
郭志勇  向阳  陈彪 《应用声学》2010,29(1):48-52
描述了用波叠加法来计算任意形状辐射体的辐射声功率的方法。该方法在给定辐射体表面的振动速度后就可求解辐射源的强度,进而求解辐射体表面声功率。文中以脉动球源的辐射问题为列,讨论了波叠加法在应用过程中对单元、节点数目以及单元形状的敏感性。通过将该方法计算结果与解析结果进行对比表明,运用此方法在保证较高精度的前提下能明显减少计算所需的单元节点数,从而节省时间提高计算效率。  相似文献   

11.
R.M. Sonkin 《Ultrasonics》1976,14(1):25-28
Conventional power generators for ultrasonic applications make use of design principles based upon audio and low frequency techniques. Using power combination technology originally developed for microwave and communication amplifiers, large amounts of power can be generated by combining the outputs of a number of low power transistors. The theory of hybrid transistor combining is explained and its application to ultrasonic power generators is illustrated. Matching an ultrasonic transducer to a transistor generator with the aid of a directional wattmeter is explained and a detailed example involving a piezoelectric transducer is given.  相似文献   

12.
A new type of high power composite ultrasonic transducer was proposed and studied. The composite transducer consists of a sandwich longitudinal piezoelectric transducer, an isotropic metal hollow cylinder with large radial dimension, and the front and back metal radiation mass. By means of its special structure and Poisson’s effect, the composite transducer can produce vibrations both in its longitudinal and radial directions, and therefore, it can radiate sound waves in three-dimensional space. The electro-mechanical equivalent circuit of the composite transducer was derived and the resonance frequency equation was obtained analytically. Numerical methods were used to simulate the vibration of the composite transducer, and the vibrational displacement distribution, the resonance frequency and the radiation sound field are given. Some composite transducers are designed and manufactured; their resonance frequencies and the radiation acoustic field are measured and compared with the analytical and numerical results. It can be seen that the measured frequencies and acoustic field contour are in good agreement with the analytical and numerical results. It is expected that this kind of composite ultrasonic transducer can be used in more and more power ultrasonic applications, such as ultrasonic cleaning, ultrasonic extraction, ultrasonic sonochemistry and other ultrasonic liquid processing, where high ultrasonic power and large ultrasonic processing space are needed increasingly.  相似文献   

13.
Shuyu L 《Ultrasonics》2005,43(5):365-373
Based on the equivalent circuit theory, the load characteristics of high power piezoelectric ultrasonic sandwich transducers are studied. Two types of loads are studied. One is liquid load as in ultrasonic cleaning, and the other is solid load as in ultrasonic drilling and machining. The effect of load and structure of the transducer on the resonance frequency of the transducer is analyzed. It is shown that the effect of load on the resonance frequency of sandwich transducers with different structures is different. For liquid load as in ultrasonic cleaning, the effect of the load on the resonance frequency of the sandwich transducer with symmetrical structure is the largest. It is the smallest for the transducer with its displacement node in the back metal cylinder. For solid load as in ultrasonic drilling and machining, the effect of the load on the resonance frequency of the sandwich transducer with its displacement node in the front metal cylinder is the largest. It is also the smallest for the transducer with its displacement node in the back metal cylinder. On the other hand, for some applications, such as ultrasonic drilling, when the lateral dimension of the tool is much less than that of the transducer, its effect on the resonance frequency of the transducer is small. The conclusions are useful in designing vibrating systems for different ultrasonic applications.  相似文献   

14.
超声换能器并联谐振频率的复合式跟踪方法研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
为了使超声换能器适应变化比较剧烈的负载,本文通过分析超声换能器在并联谐振频率附近工作时的频率特性和实际需求特点,利用变压器初级匹配方法得到了更好的频率特性,并对比了换能器空载和带负荷情况下的阻抗特性曲线,提出了复合式自动频率跟踪方法,空载时找到超声换能器最小电流的对应的频率点,加载过程中利用比例积分微分算法实现频率的快速跟踪。并对超声换能器在不同负载时的功率输出进行了实验,结果表明,复合式频率跟踪方法可以稳定地跟踪到超声换能器的并联谐振频率,能实现超声换能器的功率自调节,对提高换能器的工作效率和负荷适应能力具有实际的指导意义和应用价值。  相似文献   

15.
Lin S 《Ultrasonics》2006,44(Z1):e545-e548
The high power air-coupled compound ultrasonic transducer in flexural vibration is studied. The transducer consists of a sandwich longitudinal piezoelectric transducer and a circular thin plate in flexural vibration. The resonance frequency equation and the equivalent circuit of a circular radiator with clamped boundary condition are derived. The resonance frequency equation and the equivalent circuit of the compound transducer are also obtained. The radiated acoustic field of the circular thin plate radiator is analyzed and the directional pattern is calculated. It can be seen that when the vibrational order of the circular thin plate in flexural vibration is increased, the radiated acoustic field becomes complex.  相似文献   

16.
双激励全波长压电陶瓷超声换能器工作特性分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
对由两个半波长夹心式压电陶瓷换能器级联而成的双激励全波长压电陶瓷超声换能器进行了研究,给出了这种换能器优值的相关参量表达式,通过数值计算分析了该换能器的结构和材料参数对其特性的影响。研究结果表明,当两组压电陶瓷堆分别位于各自所在半波长换能器的位移节点,或者在压电陶瓷片数量确定情况下两组压电陶瓷堆的片数相同时,换能器均能得到最大的优值;在相当大的范围内增加压电陶瓷片的数量,换能器的优值稍有降低,但力因子迅速增大;金属块材料对换能器的优值影响甚微。可见双激励全波长换能器能在不明显降低换能器综合性能的情况下有效增加压电陶瓷的体积,因而可大幅提高换能器的功率容量和负载能力,更适用于大功率重负载的场合。   相似文献   

17.
A dual-excited full-wavelength piezoceramic ultrasonic transducer as a cascade of two half-wavelength sandwich piezoceramic transducers is studied.The relevant parameters' expressions of the figure of merit N for the transducer are derived,and the effects of the structure and material parameters of the transducer on its characteristics are further analyzed by numerical calculation.The results show that when the two piezoceramic stacks are respectively located at the displacement nodes of their own half-wavelength transducers,or the two piezoceramic stacks have the same number of pieces in the case of a certain number of piezoceramic pieces,the figure of merit of the transducer can reach a maximum.With increasing of the number of piezoceramic pieces in a fairly large range,the figure of merit of the transducer slightly decreases,but the force factor of the transducer increases rapidly.The metal materials of the transducer have little effect on its figure of merit.Thus it can be seen that the dual-excited full-wavelength transducer can effectively increase the volumes of the piezoceramic stacks in the case of that the transducer's comprehensive performance has only a little bit of degradation,so it's power capacity and load capability can be dramatically improved,which means the transducer is more suitable for high power and heavy load applications.  相似文献   

18.
胡理情  林书玉 《应用声学》2021,40(3):323-328
该文提出了一种二维声子晶体结构模型,并将该模型应用于横向尺寸较大的功率超声换能器的前盖板中,避免了形成耦合振动对换能器的影响,从而优化了该类换能器的工作性能。首先设计了一种具有近周期性结构的圆柱形孔的前盖板,然后研究了声子晶体结构前盖板散射体的半径大小和高度对换能器共振频率以及前盖板带隙的影响。结果表明,随着散射体半径和高度的增大,换能器的共振频率会随之发生改变,带隙范围也在发生变化,可以通过调节使换能器的共振频率处于声子晶体的带隙范围内,可以有效抑制换能器的横向振动。  相似文献   

19.
Lin S  Zhang F 《Ultrasonics》2000,37(8):549-554
In this paper, an improved method for the measurement of acoustic power and electro-acoustic efficiency of high power ultrasonic transducers is presented. The measuring principle is described, the experimental results are given. In comparison with traditional methods, the method presented in this paper has the advantages of simplicity, economy and practicality. The most important is that it can measure the output acoustic power and the electro-acoustic efficiency of the transducer under the condition of high power and practical applications, such as ultrasonic cleaning and soldering.  相似文献   

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