晶场二级效应与交换作用对PrF3晶体磁性及磁光性质的影响

研究了晶场二级效应在PrF₃晶体中的作用，发现该效应可使Pr³⁺离子的晶场单态与其他态混合，对PrF₃晶体磁化率产生明显影响.进一步研究了晶体内的交换作用有效场，其形式为H_in=(1.9-0.02556T)×10^-5M，在100—300 K的温度范围内，以此计算的PrF₃晶体的倒数磁化率和Verdet常数的倒数与实验值符合较好.结果表明，在PrF₃晶体中，晶场二级效应与离子间的交换作用都不能忽略. 关键词： 晶场二级效应 交换作用有效场 Verdet常数 3晶体')" href="#">PrF₃晶体     

掺Pb,Ga对Ce:YIG晶体磁光性能的影响

研究了掺Pb,Ga对Ce:YIG晶体的晶场、交换作用和磁光Faraday效应的影响.当Ga³⁺离子取代量为12%时，交换作用有效场减少51%，导致Ce³⁺离子最低两个能级的占有概率之差减少49%.Ga³⁺离子取代，同时影响分子场和晶场；而Pb²⁺离子的取代，只影响晶体场，对分子场的影响甚微.掺杂对稀土石榴石晶体的磁光性能有较大影响. 关键词： PbGaCe:YIG晶体 晶场 超交换作用 磁光效应     

Ce3+基态在正交晶场影响下分裂的理论计算

基于晶场理论,通过模拟三种相同晶系化合物CePdGa3、Ce3Ag4Ge4和Ce3Ag4Sn4的磁化率倒数-温度曲线,得到了晶场分裂能和相应波函数,并从理论上分析了晶场效应对稀土离子基态的影响.计算表明:Kramers离子Ce3 在正交晶场的作用下,基态六重简并部分消除得到三个双态.     

CePt1-xRhx（0≤x≤0．9）的磁性模拟与晶场分裂

基于晶场理论,我们模拟了Kawasaki小组测量的磁化率倒数与温度关系曲线,使用点电荷晶场模型得到了伪二元合金CePt1-x,Rhx（0≤x≤0．9）的晶场分裂能和相应波函数．计算表明,Kramers离子Ce^3＋在晶场效应的作用下,基态简并部分消除得到了三个双重态,模拟得到的化合物的磁化率倒数与温度关系曲线与实验曲线...     

PrNi$lt;sub$gt;2$lt;/sub$gt;的磁和磁热性能研究

在一些磁性材料内, 磁性离子间交换作用和磁性离子的自旋涨落对材料磁性有影响. 本文根据磁比热实验值确定了晶场参数后, 利用包含自旋涨落的交换作用有效场H_m= n₀ (1 + γ T + β e^{ω T})M, 计算了PrNi₂晶体晶场能级的Zeeman劈裂. 在温度为3.8 K ≤T≤ 30 K范围内, 计算了该晶体多晶磁矩随外磁场的变化, 以及外磁场H=5000 Oe时磁化率倒数随温度的变化, 计算结果和实验值符合较好. 当外磁场在0–50000 Oe时, 计算的该晶体的磁熵变与已有文献的理论结果相似. 计算结果说明, 提出的包含自旋涨落的交换作用有效场不仅适合亚铁磁性晶体, 而且也适合顺磁性晶体. 关键词： 2')" href="#">PrNi₂ 磁比热 交换作用有效场 磁矩 磁熵变     

Ce_3Rh_3Si_2和CeRh_3Si_2的磁性模拟和晶场效应研究

根据晶场理论,通过对D.Kaczorowski等人测量的磁化率倒数与温度关系曲线的模拟,得到了稀土化合物CeRh3Si2和Ce3Rh3Si2的晶场分裂能和相应波函数.对于CeRh3Si2和Ce3Rh3Si2,它们的第一激发能和总的激发能分别为176K,855K和77.5K,428K.计算表明,Kramers离子Ce3+在晶场效应的作用下,基态简并部分消除得到了三个双重态,模拟得到的化合物的磁化率倒数与温度关系曲线与实验曲线吻合较好.     

交换作用对 CeF3晶体磁性和磁光效应的影响

研究了顺磁性晶体CeF3内交换作用有效场随温度的变化关系,给出了其形式为Hin=(-0.68-0.002T)×10-6M.结合该关系,用量子理论的计算得到了与实验值吻合较好的磁化率倒数、Verdet常数倒数随温度的变化关系,并且用光磁效应的概念和规律对结果作了进一步分析,指出光诱导促进了该晶体内电子间的交换作用.     

掺入Mg2+对CsNiCl3晶体的基态能级、零场分裂参量及Jahn-Teller效应的影响

应用不可约张量理论构造了三角对称晶场中3d2/3d8态离子的45阶可完全对角化的微扰哈密顿矩阵,在考虑了以前工作中被忽略的自旋-自旋耦合作用的基础上计算了CsNiCl3晶体和CsNiCl3:Mg2+晶体的基态能级、晶体结构、零场分裂参量和Jahn-Teller效应,研究了掺入Mg2+对CsNiCl3晶体的光谱、零场分裂参量及Jahn-Teller效应的影响和自旋单重态对基态能级的贡献,发现掺杂使得晶体结构产生畸变,从而改变晶体光谱的精细结构和零场分裂参量,不改变Jahn-Teller效应的分裂规律但改变分裂的大小.     

交换作用对CeF3晶体磁性和磁光效应的影响

研究了顺磁性晶体CeF₃内交换作用有效场随温度的变化关系，给出了其形式为H_in=(-0.68-0.002T)×10^-6M.结合该关系，用量子理论的计算得到了与实验值吻合较好的磁化率倒数、Verdet常数倒数随温度的变化关系，并且用光磁效应的概念和规律对结果作了进一步分析，指出光诱导促进了该晶体内电子间的交换作用. 关键词： 3晶体')" href="#">CeF₃晶体 交换作用 磁光效应 光磁效应     

CsNiCl3晶体的光谱精细结构、零场分裂参量及Jahn-Teller效应

应用不可约张量理论构造了三角对称晶场中3d2/3d8态离子的45阶可完全对角化的微扰哈密顿矩阵,研究了CsNiCl3晶体的光谱精细结构、晶体结构、零场分裂参量、Jahn-Telller效应以及自旋单重态对Ni2+离子基态能级的影响,理论与实验相符合.在此基础上,进一步研究了以前工作中被忽略的自旋-自旋耦合作用和Trees修正对CsNiCl3晶体的光谱精细结构和零场分裂参量的影响,发现有四种机理会影响零场分裂参量:1)自旋-轨道耦合机理,2)自旋-自旋耦合机理;3)自旋-轨道与自旋-自旋联合耦合机理;4)自旋-轨道与Trees修正联合耦合机理,其中自旋-轨道耦合机理是最主要的,其他三种机理也是不可忽略的.     

Dependence of the Intensity of the Spectral Lines and the Composition of the Sample and the Plasma Parameters of the Unipolar Arc

The investigation was made of the dependence of the intensity of Tl, Ga, Mo, Mg, Mn, Sn, Bi, Ni, Zn, Pt and Au spectral lines and the plasma parameters (temperature T, electron concentration n_e, degree of 6 ionnization α) from concentration of lithium additive.     

Design and analysis of the tunnel connecting the beamcorridor and the spectrum hall of the CSNS

There is a tunnel connecting the beamcorridor and the target station in the spectrum hall in the CSNS project.The length of the tunnel is about 20 m.The shielding design of the tunnel is very significant for the persons working in the spectrum hall because the tunnel is not covered ed soil for shielding.In order to reduce the dose rate at the exit of the cable ducts,we use the ISIS construction,which is designed with four turnings,as a reference for the tunnel design.The thickness of the shielding is obtained by a simulationwith the Monte Carlo Code FLUKA.The result is compared with the data obtained with Moyer Mode and the reliability of the simulation is proved.This paper provides the basis for the design of the tunnel.     

Design and analysis of the tunnel connecting the beamcorridor and the spectrum hall of the CSNS

There is a tunnel connecting the beamcorridor and the target station in the spectrum hall in the CSNS project. The length of the tunnel is about 20 m. The shielding design of the tunnel is very significant for the persons working in the spectrum hall because the tunnel is not covered by soil for shielding. In order to reduce the dose rate at the exit of the cable ducts, we use the ISIS construction, which is designed with four turnings, as a reference for the tunnel design. The thickness of the shielding is obtained by a simulation with the Monte Carlo Code FLUKA. The result is compared with the data obtained with Moyer Mode and the reliability of the simulation is proved. This paper provides the basis for the design of the tunnel.     

最小偏向角法测三棱镜折射率的相图探究

三棱镜折射率的测量是大学物理实验的重要组成部分,对培养学生的基本实验技能、加深对经典光学理论的理解具有重要作用。本文依据几何光学原理探究了最小偏向角法中在有出射光时最小偏向角与三棱镜顶角、折射率所对应的函数关系,建立了有出射光时入射角、折射率、顶角间以及最小偏向角时折射率、顶角、最小偏向角间的相图,阐明了两相图的物理意义。该研究拓展了三棱镜折射率实验的研究思路。     

T and S dualities and the cosmological evolution of the dilaton and the scale factors

Cosmologically stabilizing radion along with the dilaton is one of the major concerns of low energy string theory. One can hope that T and S dualities can provide a plausible answer. In this work we study the impact of S and T duality invariances on dilaton gravity. We have shown various instances where physically interesting models arise as a result of imposing the mentioned invariances. In particular S duality has a very privileged effect, in that the dilaton equations partially decouple from the evolution of the scale factors. This makes it easy to understand the general rules for the stabilization of the dilaton. We also show that certain T duality invariant actions become S duality invariance compatible. That is, they mimic S duality when the extra dimensions stabilize.     

第一讲微波背景辐射的各向异性、偏振及宇宙电离的历史

文章对微波背景辐射的各向异性、偏振及宇宙电离的历史给出了评述性介绍．从大爆炸理论的预言，到观测的发现，到其各向异性及偏振的探测，微波背景辐射(CMB)向人们揭示了丰富的宇宙学信息．文章在对基本理论作了简单介绍后，着重讲述了最新的CMB的观测结果及其物理意义．特别对微波背景各向异性探测器(Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe，WMAP)的偏振观测及其对宇宙重新电离的限制给出了较详细的叙述．     

Symmetries and the mass ratio of the electron and muon

A model of symmetries and gauge interactions relating the electron and muon is considered. The model is based on the U_L(1)?U_R(1)?R_L?R_R group where U_L(1)?U_R(1) denotes the chiral e-μ rotation and R_L?R_R the chiral reflection of the electron field. The invariance under this group is spontaneously broken by the vacuum expectation values of scalar fields. A zeroth-order vacuum is found for which the zeroth-order electron mass vanishes, while one-loop corrections lead to a finite $\text{m}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>e</mtext>}}\text{mμ}$ ratio. The decay process μ → e + γ is strictly forbidden in this model.     

Operations and performance of the Matera laser station and estimation of the position of the European stations

Summary Since September 1983, the Matera laser station started regular tracking activities with the geodetic satellites Lageos and Starlette. The Matera station operates in co-ordination with the international network of geodetic laser stations, and participates to the NASA Crustal Dynamics Project and to the MERIT Campaign promoted by IAU. The first part of this paper reports on the operational activities at the station and on the performance of the instrumentation. The second part describes the models adopted for data processing and presents the results obtained through the analysis of the Lageos observations acquired from September '83 to August '84. The preliminary estimates of the geodetic co-ordinates of five European laser stations and of their baselines are given. The activity reported in this paper is performed under the contract of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Piano Spaziale Nazionale-to Telespazio for Matera laser station operation and performance analysis.     

Influence of the temperature and duration of the annealing on the lattice structure and growth of the Mg-Al spinel layer

In this paper, MgO film is successfully grown on polycrystalline and monocrystalline alumina substrates using sol-gel method, and polycrystalline and monocrystalline Mg-Al spinels are fabricated by solid state reaction, respectively. The influence of annealing temperature and time on the lattice structure and growth of the formed Mg-Al spinel layer has been investigated. It is indicated that the annealing temperature and time on the as-synthesized polycrystalline Mg-Al spinel has more significant influence than that of single crystal Mg-Al spinel. The thickness of the Mg-Al spinel layer increases with the annealing temperature, both for polycrystalline and for monocrystalline alumina substrates. And the significantly intercrystalline diffusion of Mg²⁺ ions and Al³⁺ ions results in a quicker growth velocity of the Mg-Al spinel layer than that of intracrystalline diffusion.