共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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复合热源热泵系统集热/蒸发器的模型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了一种新型太阳能-空气复合热源热泵热水器,它通过独特设计的螺旋翅片蒸发盘管的平板型集热/蒸发器,综合利用太阳能和空气中的热量作为低位热源,经过热泵循环制造热水.论文针对自行设计的集热/蒸发器建立数学模型和进行热性能分析,以太阳能输入比例为准则研究系统的运行模式与特性.模拟结果显示,该装置可以一年四季全天候高效、节能地制造55℃生活热水。 相似文献
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太阳能热电转换是光伏效应外另一种直接将太阳辐射转变为电能的途径, 近年来已经成为太阳能利用的热点之一. 本文以Bi2Te3材料为基础构建平板集热太阳热电器件模型, 采用有限元法分析AM1.5辐射条件下器件温度分布情况, 并结合基于温度的物性参数计算集热比、热臂截面积与长度变化等因素对器件的开路电压、 最大输出功率及转化效率的影响. 研究发现: 集热比与热臂长度的变化对器件性能有显著影响, 热臂截面积的变化对器件转化效率影响相对较弱; 在这一模型中, 平板集热太阳热电器件的转化效率达到1.56%. 相似文献
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金纳米颗粒在可见光区具有高消光效率引起科研人员关注。金纳米流体被用作太阳能体吸收工质。通过太阳能加热亲水表面金纳米流体液滴蒸发实验,详细研究了液滴蒸发过程特性。液滴蒸发过程中液滴几何参数和表面温度被仪器实时记录。液滴蒸发主要为常接触面积模式,接触角逐渐减小。液滴体积随时间线性变化,与传统理论蒸汽扩散模型结果不同。本文研究能帮助指导太阳能光热利用以及液滴蒸发在工业中的应用。 相似文献
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《中国光学与应用光学文摘》2006,(4)
TK512.4 2006043441槽式聚光集热系统加热真空管的特性及应用研究=Studyon characteristics and application of evacuated tube heatedby trough concentration sysem[刊,中]/李明(云南师范大学物理与电子信息学院.云南,昆明(650092)) ,夏朝凤∥太阳能学报.—2006 ,27(1) .—90-95建立了槽式聚光集热真空管装置的数学模型,并与实验结果进行了对比。理论计算结果与实验结果吻合较好,误差在5 .2 %以内,表明可用所建立的模型对聚光式真空管加热流体的性能进行分析。在太阳辐射强度及聚光面积变化的情况下,分析了通过聚光真空管内流体的性能,… 相似文献
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固定光口聚光太阳能系统具有宽带集热温度、无需跟踪装置、无机械运动、易于集成构建、运行状态稳定等优点,因此针对圆形吸收体太阳能复合抛物聚光器(CPC)关键部件面形结构进行了研究。理论构建了圆形吸收体CPC面形结构模型,并获得其解析解。运用光学设计软件TracePro验证所构建理论模型的光学特性。利用圆形吸收体CPC面形光学特性,构建了CPC耦合太阳能集热系统,并建立其光学特性计算方法。针对所构建系统的光学特性进行了数值计算,结果表明所构建系统的采光量较真空管太阳能集热系统有所提高,平均提高比例为34.57%。 相似文献
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对Al2O3-合成油纳米流体在槽式太阳能集热管内的传热特性进行流体动力学数值模拟,重点考察纳米流体导热系数模型的影响。通过与管内Nusselt数半经验模型的预测结果对比,表明使用考虑布朗运动的纳米流体导热系数模型可较好地预测集热管内传热特性。研究表明纳米颗粒与流体基液的相对运动具有促进集热管内传热的作用。最后,定量研究纳米颗粒添加量对提高基础流体平均传热系数的影响,显示纳米流体在太阳能集热器中具有巨大应用潜力。 相似文献
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M. Karami M. Raisee S. Delfani M. A. Akhavan Bahabadi A. M. Rashidi 《Optics and Spectroscopy》2013,115(3):400-405
Solar thermal collectors are applicable in the water heating or space conditioning systems in which surface-based absorption of incident solar flux cause high heat losses. Therefore, an enhancement in the efficiency of solar harvesting devices is a basic challenge which requires great effort. Adding nanoparticles to the working fluid in direct absorption solar collector, which has been recently proposed, leads to improvement in the working fluid thermal and optical properties such as thermal conductivity and absorption coefficient. This results certainly in collector efficiency enhancement. In this paper, the characteristics of nanofluids consisting carbon nanoball in water- and ethylene glycol-based suspensions in consideration of their use as sunlight absorber fluid in a DASC are investigated. It was found that by using of 300 ppm carbon nanoballs, the extinction coefficient of pure water and ethylene glycol is increased by about 3.9 cm?1 and 3.4 cm?1 in average, respectively. With these significantly promising optical properties, a direct absorption solar collector using carbon nanoball-based nanofluids can achieve relatively higher efficiencies, compared with a conventional solar collector. 相似文献
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Yijun Yang Alparslan Oztekin Sudhakar Neti Satish Mohapatra 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2012,14(5):852
The present study demonstrates the importance of actual agglomerated particle size in the nanofluid and its effect on the
fluid properties. The current work deals with 5 to 100 nm nanoparticles dispersed in fluids that resulted in 200 to 800 nm
agglomerates. Particle size distributions for a range of nanofluids are measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Wet scanning
electron microscopy method is used to visualize agglomerated particles in the dispersed state and to confirm particle size
measurements by DLS. Our results show that a combination of base fluid chemistry and nanoparticle type is very important to
create stable nanofluids. Several nanofluids resulted in stable state without any stabilizers, but in the long term had agglomerations
of 250 % over a 2 month period. The effects of agglomeration on the thermal and rheological properties are presented for several
types of nanoparticle and base fluid chemistries. Despite using nanodiamond particles with high thermal conductivity and a
very sensitive laser flash thermal conductivity measurement technique, no anomalous increases of thermal conductivity was
measured. The thermal conductivity increases of nanofluid with the particle concentration are as those predicted by Maxwell
and Bruggeman models. The level of agglomeration of nanoparticles hardly influenced the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid.
The viscosity of nanofluids increased strongly as the concentration of particle is increased; it displays shear thinning and
is a strong function of the level of agglomeration. The viscosity increase is significantly above of that predicted by the
Einstein model even for very small concentration of nanoparticles. 相似文献
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利用水热法生成了形状规则、粒径均匀的球形ZnO纳米颗粒, 并超声分散于水中, 制备得到稳定的水基ZnO纳米流体. 实验测量水基ZnO纳米流体在体积分数和温度变化时的电导率, 并测试室温下水基ZnO纳米流体在不同体积分数下的热导率. 实验结果表明, ZnO纳米颗粒的添加较大地提高了基液(纯水)的热导率和电导率, 水基ZnO纳米流体的电导率随纳米颗粒体积分数增加呈非线性增加关系, 而电导率随温度变化呈现出拟线性关系; 纳米流体的热导率与纳米颗粒体积分数增加呈近似线性增加关系. 本文在经典Maxwell热导模型和布朗动力学理论的基础上, 同时考虑了吸附层、团聚体和布朗运动等因素对热导率的影响, 提出了热导率修正模型.将修正模型预测值与实验值对比, 结果表明修正模型可以较为准确地计算出纳米流体的热导率.
关键词:
水热法
电导率
热导率
热导模型 相似文献
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生物组织内部结构复杂且具有较强的散射特性,而光作为生物组织检测的重要信息载体,其自身特性包括颜色、幅值、偏振等都对信息获取有较大的影响。结合偏振成像,对生物组织多光谱偏振特性展开了研究,依据不同微粒尺寸的分布建立了均匀单层生物组织模型,结合瑞利和米氏散射理论模拟了基于单个微粒的两种散射事件。瑞利散射具有较好的前向后向散射对称性,米氏散射具有强前向散射特性,两种散射模型都与尺寸参数有着密切的关系,而尺寸参数是一个无因次量,取决于入射波长和散射微粒的尺寸,在生物组织中多以米氏散射为研究模型。使用蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo MC)方法对400~1 000 nm波段范围内的偏振光在生物组织中的传输特性进行了仿真,模拟了四种典型偏振态(水平线偏振光、垂直线偏振光、45°线偏振光和右旋圆偏振光)在组织中传播时后向散射光偏振态变化与波长的关系,并进行了实验验证,实验光源选用白色LED灯,利用450, 525, 550, 590, 610, 650和690 nm滤光片滤光,由彩色相机记录手掌的偏振图像,其中偏振图像由两组线偏振片和右旋圆偏振片分别作为起偏和检偏器产生。仿真和实验结果均表明,随着波长增加线偏振光经皮肤组织后向散射出射光的偏振度整体呈上升趋势,圆偏振光呈下降趋势,但圆偏振光的偏振度整体上高于线偏振光,这揭示了在生物组织中相同波长的圆偏振光比线偏振光具有更好的偏振保持性,更适合用于探测生物组织的生理信息。相关研究结果明确了圆偏振光和线偏振光在生物组织中传输时的多光谱特性,可为多光谱偏振生理信息获取提供一定的理论支持。 相似文献
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Parabolic trough collectors generate thermal energy from solar energy. Especially, they are very convenient for applications in high temperature solar power systems. To determine the design parameters, parabolic trough collectors must be analysed with optical analysis. In addition, thermodynamics (energy and exergy) analysis in the development of an energy efficient system must be achieved. Solar radiation passes through Earth's atmosphere until it reaches on Earth's surface and is focused from the parabolic trough collector to the tube receiver with a transparent insulated envelope. A11 of them constitute a complex mechanism. We investigate the geometry of parabolic trough reflector and characteristics of solar radiation to the reflecting surface through Earth's atmosphere, and calculate the collecting totM energy in the receiver. The parabolic trough collector, of which design parameters are given, is analysed in regard to the energy and exergy analysis considering the meteorological specification in May, June, July and August in 1sparta/TUrkey, and the results are presented. 相似文献