钢粒间干涉对冲击破岩效果的影响北大核心CSCD

相对于常规高压射流破岩方式,在高压射流中加入钢粒,使其高速喷出冲击岩石的方法,能够显著提高射流的能量利用率。应用瞬态非线性动力学有限元模拟软件,对多钢粒冲击破岩的过程进行仿真,并设计室内实验进行验证。钢粒冲击破岩的过程如下：0~20s,钢粒侵入深度迅速增加;20~80s,钢粒侵入深度继续增加,但增加幅度减小;80s后,钢粒侵入深度基本不变。另外,由于钢粒间干涉的影响,钢粒冲击破岩的体积与钢粒浓度并不是简单的正比关系。实验得出,当钢粒浓度为0.5%~3.0%时,随着钢粒浓度的增大,破岩体积明显增大;而当钢粒浓度大于3.0%后,钢粒浓度增加,破岩体积变化很小。     

钢粒间干涉对冲击破岩效果的影响

相对于常规高压射流破岩方式,在高压射流中加入钢粒,使其高速喷出冲击岩石的方法,能够显著提高射流的能量利用率。应用瞬态非线性动力学有限元模拟软件,对多钢粒冲击破岩的过程进行仿真,并设计室内实验进行验证。钢粒冲击破岩的过程如下:0~20s,钢粒侵入深度迅速增加;20~80s,钢粒侵入深度继续增加,但增加幅度减小;80s后,钢粒侵入深度基本不变。另外,由于钢粒间干涉的影响,钢粒冲击破岩的体积与钢粒浓度并不是简单的正比关系。实验得出,当钢粒浓度为0.5%~3.0%时,随着钢粒浓度的增大,破岩体积明显增大;而当钢粒浓度大于3.0%后,钢粒浓度增加,破岩体积变化很小。     

水射流对煤体冲击的有限元与光滑粒子耦合法数值模拟

采用光滑粒子与有限元耦合算法对高压水射流冲击煤体进行了数值模拟,建立了长为5mm、半径为2mm的圆柱形水体以不同速度冲击煤体的计算模型。根据计算结果,分析了煤体在高压水射流冲击下的损伤模式、煤体中的应力波传播形式、煤体在高压水射流作用下的临界破煤压力。     

基于光滑粒子动力学方法的液滴冲击固壁面问题数值模拟

采用改进的光滑粒子动力学(SPH)方法对液滴冲击固壁面问题进行了数值模拟. 为了提高传统SPH方法的计算精度和数值稳定性, 在传统的SPH方法的基础上对粒子方法中的密度和核梯度进行了修正, 采用了考虑黎曼解法的SPH流体控制方程, 构造了一种新型的粒子间相互作用力(IIF)模型来模拟表面张力的影响. 应用改进的SPH方法对液滴冲击固壁面问题进行了数值模拟. 计算结果表明：新型的IIF 模型能够较好地模拟表面张力的影响, 改进的SPH方法能够精细地描述液滴与固壁面相互作用过程中液滴的内部压力场演变和自由面形态变化, 液滴的铺展因子随初始韦伯数的增大而增大, 数值模拟结果与实验得到的结果基本一致. 关键词： 液滴 固壁面 光滑粒子动力学 表面张力     

光滑粒子流体动力学有限元法接触算法研究

 耦合光滑粒子流体动力学（SPH）方法和有限元法（FEM）,是研究冲击动力学问题的一种有效途径。为解决SPH粒子和有限单元间的接触问题,提出了SPH-FEM接触算法。该算法是在有限元节点处设置背景粒子,采用SPH接触算法的思想,计算施加在SPH粒子和有限元节点上的接触力,并且以外力的形式分别加入到SPH动量方程和有限元动力学方程中。利用SPH-FEM接触算法,对两杆撞击以及圆柱形钢弹正冲击钢板发生的冲塞破坏过程进行了三维数值模拟,靶板采用含损伤的Johnson-Cook模型和Grüneisen状态方程,模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好。     

激光破岩技术的研究现状及进展

激光破岩技术是应用光学领域的重要研究方向,它是集合了多相态、多耦合、多尺度的复杂高温、高压物理与化学过程。为了厘清激光破岩研究中的核心难点,给研究者提供有效的理论参考和趋向信息,本文对激光破岩技术的研究概况进行了分析总结。首先明确了激光破岩机理;之后分别从石油井下作业用激光器、激光破岩影响因素、激光破岩的温度场相变传热、物理力学性质以及激光破岩应用可行性等方面对国内外激光破岩技术研究进行了总结分析,指出了现阶段所取得的创新成果和不足;最后阐明了激光破岩技术的优点和发展趋势。研究结果表明,激光破岩技术可在现场配套设施研发、多影响因素评价、多场耦合作用机制和井下适用性理论体系研究等方向着力突破。     

周期性铜线密排结构的冲击压缩特性研究

对铜线密排结构材料开展了一维平面应变冲击压缩实验与数值模拟研究。利用激光位移干涉仪测量了样品/窗口界面速度剖面,获取了有效的结构冲击压缩实验数据。从样品界面速度曲线可以推断,密排结构冲击压缩时没有形成致密结构,在卸载过程中发生了分层。应用光滑粒子流体动力学方法(SPH)建立了平面铜线密排结构的三维计算模型,计算得到样品冲击加载下的压缩特性,实验和数值模拟得到的界面速度和压力结果吻合较好,为后续开展柱面铜线密排结构的冲击压缩过程研究奠定了基础。     

高能激光破岩的传热学特性研究

高能激光破岩中激光与岩石相互作用的过程,是一个复杂的非稳定的传热学问题。利用能量守恒原理,得到了激光破岩的传热方程,并对其相变过程中固液相变界面、液气界面上的焓、导热系数和比热等热物性参数进行了近拟简化,从而建立了激光破岩温度场分析的物理模型。利用Galerkin方法,对激光破岩的温度场模型进行了数值分析求解和实例计算。     

液滴溅落问题的光滑粒子动力学模拟

对传统的光滑粒子动力学方法进行了改进, 改进的光滑粒子动力学方法对传统粒子方法中的核近似式和粒子近似式进行了修正, 采用Riemann 算法求解光滑粒子动力学流体控制方程, 添加了表面张力的计算程序, 考虑了表面张力对液滴溅落的影响. 应用改进的光滑粒子动力学方法对液滴静止状态下冲击液面的飞溅过程进行了数值模拟. 计算结果表明, 改进的光滑粒子动力学方法能够有效地描述液滴溅落液面的动力学特性和自由表面变化特征, 能够得到稳定精度的结果.     

液滴冲击液膜问题的光滑粒子动力学模拟

本文对传统的光滑粒子动力学方法进行了改进．改进的光滑粒子动力学方法对传统粒子方法中的核梯度进行了修正,采用了一种新型的耦合边界条件,添加了表面张力和人工应力的计算程序．应用改进的光滑粒子动力学方法对液滴冲击液膜问题进行了数值模拟．得到了不同时刻液滴内部的压力变化特征,精细地捕捉了不同时刻的自由面,从机理上分析了液滴产生飞溅的条件,探讨了韦伯数,表面张力对液滴冲击液膜问题的影响．计算结果表明,改进光滑粒子动力学方法能够有效地描述液滴冲击液膜的动力学特性和自由表面变化特征,能够得到稳定精度的结果．     

超高压淹没射流破岩规律实验研究

 超高压水射流在石油工业中的应用主要是超高压射流联合机械破岩。对超高压淹没射流破岩规律的研究,其目的在于为超高压PDC钻头的研制提供依据。研究发现：影响超高压射流破岩的主要因素有压力、喷距、喷嘴移动速度和喷射角度等,射流压力越高破岩效果越好,最优喷距随着压力的升高而升高,200 MPa时最优喷距达到32.5倍喷嘴直径,150 MPa时破岩效率最高,喷射角度在12.5°时破岩效果最好。     

Entropic stochastic resonance of a self-propelled Janus particle

Entropic stochastic resonance is investigated when a self-propelled Janus particle moves in a double-cavity container. Numerical simulation results indicate the entropic stochastic resonance can survive even if there is no symmetry breaking in any direction. This is the essential distinction between the property of a self-propelled Janus particle and that of a passive Brownian particle, for the symmetry breaking is necessary for the entropic stochastic resonance of a passive Brownian particle. With the rotational noise intensity growing at small fixed noise intensity of translational motion, the signal power amplification increases monotonically towards saturation which also can be regarded as a kind of stochastic resonance effect. Besides, the increase in the natural frequency of the periodic driving depresses the degree of the stochastic resonance, whereas the rise in its amplitude enhances and then suppresses the behavior.     

Influence of particle size on the breaking of aluminum particle shells

Rupturing the alumina shell (shell-breaking) is a prerequisite for releasing energy from aluminum powder. Thermal stress overload in a high-temperature environment is an important factor in the rupture of the alumina shell. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to simulate and analyze the shell-breaking response of micron-scale aluminum particles with different particle sizes at 650 ℃ in vacuum. The simulation results show that the thermal stability time and shell-breaking response time of 10 μm-100 μm aluminum particles are 0.15 μs-11.44 μs and 0.08 μs-3.94 μs, respectively. They also reveal the direct causes of shell breaking for aluminum particles with different particle sizes. When the particle size is less than 80 μm, the shell-breaking response is a direct result of compressive stress overload. When the particle size is between 80 μm and 100 μm, the shell-breaking response is a direct result of tensile stress overload. This article provides useful guidance for research into the energy release of aluminum powder.     

Simulation of solid–fluid mixture flow using moving particle methods

A new basic framework for solid–fluid mixture flow simulation was developed using moving particle methods. The interactions between solid and fluid were modeled by the finite volume particle (FVP) method. The distinct element method (DEM) together with a multi-time-step algorithm was introduced into the FVP method to calculate the effects of contact between solid bodies and between solid bodies and walls. The introduced DEM model was verified by experimental analyses for the collapse of multiple solid cylinder layers. The proposed algorithm using the optimized DEM model was then applied to a water dam breaking, involving multiple solid cylinder layers. A comparison between experiments and simulations demonstrated the DEM model introduced into the FVP method is effective in representing solid–fluid mixture flows reasonably well.     

Simulating Free Surface Flows with SPH

The SPH (smoothed particle hydrodynamics) method is extended to deal with free surface incompressible flows. The method is easy to use, and examples will be given of its application to a breaking dam, a bore, the simulation of a wave maker, and the propagation of waves towards a beach. Arbitrary moving boundaries can be included by modelling the boundaries by particles which repel the fluid particles. The method is explicit, and the time steps are therefore much shorter than required by other less flexible methods, but it is robust and easy to program.     

超高压水射流冲蚀切割岩石断口微观断裂机理实验研究

 由于岩石破碎过程的复杂性，目前对水射流的破岩机理的认识仍然不十分清楚。先采用超高压万能水射流切割机冲蚀切割岩石，然后用扫描电镜对水射流切割岩石断口形貌进行观测，分析了岩石在超高压水射流作用下的破坏形式。观测分析表明，超高压射流切割岩石形成的切槽主要有长形规则和漏斗状两种形状。岩石在水射流作用下的破坏机制主要有拉伸破坏和剪切破坏两种，剥落岩块以穿晶断裂为主，其微观断裂机制是脆性拉伸破坏；切槽凹侧面主要是剪切错动，其微观破坏机制是剪脆性破坏。实验为水射流破岩机理分析提供了实测依据。     

矿井下连续波激光点燃瓦斯的研究

根据激光破岩产生的温度分布和热爆炸的经典理论,推导出井下气体的点火温度与激光功率和瓦斯浓度的关系.在几种岩石和不同瓦斯浓度下进行了数值计算.给出矿井下应用连续波激光的功率阈值.     

Novel self-assembled morphologies from isotropic interactions

We present results from particle simulations with isotropic medium range interactions in two dimensions. At low temperature novel types of aggregated structures appear. We show that these structures can be explained by spontaneous symmetry breaking in analytic solutions to an adaptation of the spherical spin model. We predict the critical particle number where the symmetry breaking occurs and show that the resulting phase diagram agrees well with results from particle simulations.     

The robustness in dynamics of out of equilibrium bidirectional transport systems with constrained entrances

Macroscopic and microscopic long-distance bidirectional transfer depends on connections between entrances and exits of various transport mediums. Persuaded by the associations, we introduce a small system module of Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process including oppositely directed species of particles moving on two parallel channels with constrained entrances. The dynamical rules which characterize the system obey symmetry between the two species and are identical for both the channels. The model displays a rich steady-state behavior, including symmetry breaking phenomenon. The phase diagram is analyzed theoretically within the mean-field approximation and substantiated with Monte Carlo simulations. Relevant mean-field calculations are also presented. We further compared the phase segregation with those observed in previous works, and it is examined that the structure of phase separation in proposed model is distinguished from earlier ones. Interestingly, for phases with broken symmetry, symmetry with respect to channels has been observed as the distinct particles behave differently while the similar type of particles exhibits the same conduct in the system. For symmetric phases, significant properties including currents and densities in the channels are identical for both types of particles. The effect of symmetry breaking occurrence on the Monte Carlo simulation results has also been examined based on particle density histograms. Finally, phase properties of the system having strong size dependency have been explored based on simulations findings.     

二维超对称模型的超对称破缺和Witten指数

构造了一类超势W=(1/n)gφⁿ的二维O(N)对称超对称模型,详细计算了此类模型的Witten指数△。结果表明,当n为偶数时,超对称一定不能破缺,而当n为奇数时,超对称可以破缺。利用大N展开法,还研究了上述模型的超对称自发破缺机制,同时给出了相应的粒子谱。 关键词：