光脉冲在微环耦合谐振光波导中传输线性特性的数值仿真

利用传输矩阵法得到了微环耦合谐振光波导色散关系的一般表达式,并由色散关系出发讨论了光脉冲在微环耦合谐振光波导中传输时的线性特性,包括带宽、群速度、色散和线性相位变化,这些特性对微环耦合谐振光波导在光通信和光传感领域的应用有重要意义. 关键词： 微环光波导 光脉冲线性特性 传输矩阵法 数值仿真     

耦合谐振器光波导旋转传感的相位灵敏度

利用光学谐振器结构的色散可提高旋转传感的灵敏度, 耦合谐振器光波导可实现强色散, 本文利用传输矩阵理论, 研究耦合谐振器光波导旋转传感的相位灵敏度, 讨论谐振器布局和波导参数对相位灵敏度的影响, 结果表明波导的相位曲线和相位灵敏度依赖于波导中谐振器的布局, 谐振器数量和耦合系数不仅会影响波导旋转传感相位灵敏度曲线峰值的数量和带宽, 还会影响相位灵敏度的大小, 而损耗会降低波导的相位灵敏度, 本文的结果可用于利用谐振器布局和波导参数设计耦合谐振器光波导的相位灵敏度, 对其在旋转传感方面的应用有重要意义. 关键词： 谐振器 旋转传感 光波导     

带有增益的单微环谐振器的光速控制行为

带有损耗的光波导微环谐振器在实现光速控制时存在输出脉冲能量损耗大、脉冲形状畸变严重等问题。基于带有增益和带有损耗的微环谐振器的传输特性之间的对称性,计算分析了单微环谐振器的透射率、群折射率和群速度色散等特性,分析了增益和损耗对微环谐振器输出特性影响的机制。计算了带有增益的微环谐振器的光速控制行为,并与带有损耗的微环谐振器进行对比。结果显示,带有增益的微环谐振器输出脉冲不分裂且有较大的输出强度。脉冲延迟量和超前量比损耗系统大,可用于光速控制,克服了微环带有损耗时产生的光强损耗和脉冲畸变。     

一种基于金刚石多层波导结构微环谐振器的仿真分析

提出了一种以金刚石新型材料为芯层的单微环谐振器模型.谐振器的纵切面采用五层脊形波导结构,中间一层设定为金刚石,上下两侧分别是SiO_2和As_2S_3,即As_2S_3-SiO_2-金刚石-SiO_2-As_2S_3.设置操作波长为1550 nm,依据耦合膜理论和微环谐振理论,利用Comsol软件仿真模拟了单直波导纵切面、直波导和环形波导耦合区的纵切面以及微环在谐振波长为1543 nm时的场强分布,及直波导和环形波导耦合区间距改变时微环的场强分布和传输特性.在此基础上,依据传输矩阵法讨论了微环的品质因数、耦合系数变化对输出光谱的影响,并对微环损耗进行了讨论.结果表明:以金刚石为芯层的微环谐振器具有良好的光学特性,本结构在谐振波长为1543 nm时谐振峰值达到了-12 dB以上,品质因数达到了1.54×10~5,在耦合系数为0.01时,自由光谱范围约为40 nm.     

基于眼型谐振腔的Fano谐振曲线尖锐度的分析

为了获得较大的尖锐度,提升微环传感器的灵敏度,提出利用眼型谐振腔结构在下路端输出的非对称Fano谐振光谱,眼型谐振腔由一个外环和内环构成,外环与总线波导耦合,内环与外环耦合.利用传输矩阵法对下路端输出光谱进行了数值计算,在不同剩余电场比例系数下,发现非对称Fano谐振峰的尖锐度随电场剩余比例系数的增大而增大;改变外环与总线波导间的场强耦合系数和内环与外环之间的场强耦合系数,其尖锐度的最大值随外环和内环场强耦合系数变化缓慢增大,尖锐度最大值处谐振点传输系数值在不同电场剩余比例系数和内外环场强耦合系数下稳定在-6dB附近.因此利用眼型谐振腔结构下路端的Fano谐振峰,可获得对耦合系数不敏感的尖锐度和谐振点传输系数,降低器件对耦合区加工准确度的要求.     

K-Na离子交换单模平面波导的制备及其表征

通过K-Na离子交换技术制备了多模玻璃平面波导.采用棱镜耦合技术测量了波导的有效折射率,用IWKB方法拟合得到K-Na离子交换波导的折射率分布符合高斯分布,由色散曲线得到单模波导的制备条件(即扩散深度范围),从而得出单模波导的离子交换时间范围,制备出单模波导,并通过求解WKB色散方程得出单模波导的表面折射率.用普通数码相机,通过对离子交换平面玻璃光波导传输线进行数字成像,根据传输线上的光强分布拟合出光强传输衰减曲线,计算出单模波导的传输损耗大约为0.4 dB/cm.     

加入增益介质的表面等离子体激元耦合共振波导传输特性理论研究

将增益介质加入金属环构成的表面等离子体激元耦合共振波导,利用传输矩阵及时域有限差分方法研究了不同增益系数下该耦合共振波导的透射谱线、色散关系以及群折射率.结果表明,增益介质共振频率附近的反常色散及正常色散变化能有效影响由共振波导几何结构决定的色散关系曲线,且具有相反的效果,分别使其变得平坦和陡峭,从而放大和缩小由共振波导几何结构决定的群折射率.另外,增益系数随外加抽运光改变的特点使得加入增益介质的耦合共振波导具有传输性能可灵活调节特性.文章的研究对促进耦合共振波导在高密度光学集成中的广泛应用具有积极意义. 关键词： 增益介质 耦合共振波导 表面等离子体激元 群折射率     

损耗对串联双微环谐振器滤波特性的影响

对存在光损耗的串联双微环谐振器的滤波特性进行了研究.在理想耦合条件下,当环间耦合系数确定时,分析了光损耗的大小对主谐振峰的透过率、带宽、形状因子,以及伪模峰值透射率的影响,揭示了光损耗对滤波特性影响的规律.分析结果表明:主谐振峰和伪模的透射率随损耗的增大而下降,环与直波导间的耦合系数随损耗的增大而变小,而带宽和形状因子无明显变化|有损耗时环与直波导间的耦合系数不能过大也不能过小.     

弯曲波导研究进展及其应用

本文主要分析了弯曲波导损耗机理,包括传输损耗、辐射损耗、模式转换损耗。重点综述了设计低损耗弯曲波导的方法,包括波导材料、弯曲波导的曲线形状、波导种类、脊型波导的宽度、脊高、弯曲半径、模场分布、弯曲波导曲线形状和其他新型波导结构等。简要概括了近年来设计和制备低损耗弯曲波导的代表性工作。介绍了弯曲波导在集成光学中的应用。通过对弯曲波导的损耗及耦合机制理论的不断完善,实现光在较小弯曲半径的低损耗传输,从而提高集成光学的集成度是弯曲波导今后的发展趋势。     

一种带有U形波导的交叉信道单微环电光开关

本文利用耦合模理论,电光调制理论和传输矩阵法,提出了一个带有U形波导的交叉信道单微环电光开关的器件模型,并在谐振波长为1561 nm的情况下对该器件进行了仿真计算.结果表明,该电光开关的开关电压约为400 V,串扰小于-30 dB,插入损耗小于4 dB,开关时间仅为5.4 ps,其中微环上的上升和下降时间仅为0.32 ps.此外,该电光开关由单刀双掷开关控制,通过在微环和U形波导上加载驱动电压可实现三种开关状态,不仅可以实现光信号在两条输出信道的选择,还可以使两条信道同时有光信号输出.     

Optical soliton with group delay in microring coupled-resonator optical waveguides

This paper derives the dispersion relation of microring coupled-resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) without any approximation by using the transfer matrix method. Based on the established dispersion relation of CROWs it obtains the slow group velocity and dispersion coefficient. It finds that the effect of dispersion on optical pulses can be adjusted to balance the effect of nonlinearity by changing coupling coefficient or loss, so optical soliton with group delay can be obtained in microring CROWs. The optical soliton with group delay is of great significance for applications of microring CROWs in delay lines and optical buffers of future all-optical communication systems.     

Adiabatic coupling between conventional dielectric waveguides and waveguides with discrete translational symmetry

We study adiabatic transformation in optical waveguides with discrete translational symmetry. We calculate the reflection and transmission coefficient for a structure consisting of a slab waveguide that is adiabatically transformed into a photonic crystal waveguide and then back into a slab waveguide. The calculation yields high transmission over a wide frequency range of the photonic crystal waveguide band and indicates efficient coupling between the slab waveguide and the photonic crystal waveguide. Other applications of adiabatic mode transformation in photonic crystal waveguides and the coupled-resonator optical waveguides are also discussed.     

Continuous adjustment of group delay by tuning the argument of coupling coefficient in microring coupled-resonator optical waveguides

We derive the dispersion relation of coupled-resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) without approximation. And, we use the exact dispersion relation of CROWs established to calculate the group delay of microring CROWs and obtain a result similar to the experimental result reported by Poon et al. Further, through numerical simulation with the parameters used to simulate the experimental result, we found that the output group delay of microring CROWs could be adjusted continuously by changing the argument of the coupling coefficient θ resulting from the shift of the dispersion band. But, the adjustment of output group delay was not linear and meticulous control of θ could lead to a more favorable adjustment of the output group delay. The continuous adjustment of group delay is of great significance for applications of microring CROWs in delay lines and optical buffers of future all-optical communication systems.     

Analysis of adiabatic coupling between photonic crystal single-line-defect and coupled-resonator optical waveguides

A detailed analysis of adiabatic coupling between conventional photonic crystal single-line-defect and coupled-resonator optical waveguides is reported. Adiabatic coupling by progressive variation of the radii of the spacing defects between cavities is investigated. Flat transmission spectra with coupling efficiencies greater than 90% are achieved in a broad frequency range with short coupling lengths. Moreover, we find that flat transmission at low frequencies requires longer coupling lengths partly because the requirements imposed for adiabatic transmission in photonic crystals are violated.     

Transmission and group delay of microring coupled-resonator optical waveguides

We measured the transmission and group delay of microring coupled-resonator optical waveguides (CROWs). The CROWs consisted of 12 weakly coupled, microring resonators fabricated in optical polymers (PMMA on Cytop). The intrinsic quality factor of the resonators was 18,000 and the interresonator coupling was 1%, resulting in a delay of 110-140 ps and a slowing factor of 23-29 over a 17 GHz bandwidth.     

Engineering optical gradient force from coupled surface plasmon polariton modes in nanoscale plasmonic waveguides

We explore the dispersion properties and optical gradient forces from mutual coupling of surface plasmon polariton(SPP) modes at two interfaces of nanoscale plasmonic waveguides with hyperbolic metamaterial cladding.With Maxwell's equations and Maxwell stress tensor,we calculate and compare the dispersion relation and optical gradient force for symmetric and antisymmetric SPP modes in two kinds of nanoscale plasmonic waveguides.The numerical results show that the optical gradient force between two coupled hyperbolic metamaterial waveguides can be engineered flexibly by adjusting the waveguide structure parameters.Importantly,an alternative way to boost the optical gradient force is provided through engineering the hyperbolic metamaterial cladding of suitable orientation.These special optical properties will open the door for potential optomechanical applications,such as optical tweezers and actuators.     

Waveguide modes in coupled-resonator optical waveguides

Coupling between cavities within coupled-resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) affects transmission properties. Our results show that, in addition to the number of the waveguide modes, the group velocity of electromagnetic waves transmitted in the CROWs can be controlled by changing the stiffness of coupling between cavities. This is significant for the applications.     

金属嵌入对三角晶格耦合腔光波导群速度的影响

利用多重散射法和时域有限差分法理论,研究了二维三角晶格光子晶体耦合腔光波导的传输特性.理论模拟结果表明,在耦合腔光波导中嵌入半径很小的理想金属丝,能有效地减弱相邻点缺陷之间的耦合强度,实现了比真空中光速小三个数量级的群速度.     

Effect of disorder on slow light velocity in optical slow-wave structures

Slow-wave optical structures such as coupled photonic crystal cavities, coupled microresonators, and similar coupled-resonator optical waveguides are being proposed for slowing light because of the nature of their dispersion relationship. Since the group velocity becomes small, slow light and enhanced light-matter interaction may be observed at the edges of the waveguiding band. We derive a model of the effects of disorder on slow light in such structures, obtaining a relationship between the root-mean-square variation in the coupling coefficients and how slow the light is at the band edge.