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1.
采用MRI评价自制肝组织特异性非离子型高分子磁共振造影剂在小鼠体内药物投递效果. 分别在注射造影剂后0.1 h、6 h、12 h、24 h及7天采集磁共振T1加权图像. 所有扫描均在1.5T临床磁共振成像仪上完成, 以固定体线圈为射频发射线圈, 三英寸圆形表面线圈为信号接收线圈. 数据分析前采用线圈非均匀性校正和信号非稳定性校正进行预处理. 实验结果显示,线圈空间敏感性校正使得小鼠组织图像信号强度空间更加均匀,稳定性校正后使得图像数据更加准确可靠,MRI是一种在体评价顺磁性标记高分子化合物药物投递效果的有效方法.  相似文献   

2.
本文设计、合成并测试了一种新型的基于有机钆纳米颗粒的磁共振成像(MRI)造影剂.以1, 2-氨基硫醇与氰基的缩合反应为基础,成功合成了粒径在8~23 nm范围内的有机钆纳米颗粒.该有机钆纳米颗粒作为磁共振造影剂时,随着时间的推移,其纵向弛豫率逐渐减弱,横向弛豫率先增强后逐渐减弱,这与钆纳米颗粒粒径增大有关.有机钆纳米颗粒同时存在随时间变化的纵向弛豫和横向弛豫,表明它有望成为一种先进的T1-T2双模态MRI造影剂.  相似文献   

3.
对磁共振成像(MRI)的安全性进行了综述,主要涉及五个方面:静磁场、梯度场、射频场、噪声和造影剂.在没有铁磁性外源性物质的条件下,静磁场对人体没有明显的损害,有较高的安全系数.随时间变化的梯度场(dB/dt)可在受试者体内诱导出电场而兴奋神经或肌肉.当梯度上升时间只有数毫秒时,外周神经兴奋是梯度场安全的上限指标.在MRI测定过程中,射频场发射的功率在患者组织内转化成热能,使组织温度升高.MRI运行过程中可产生各种噪声,可能使某些患者的听力受到损伤,使用耳塞仍是削弱噪声最简单和最经济的方法.目前使用的造影剂主要为含钆的化合物,副作用发生率在2%~4%.  相似文献   

4.
飞速发展的分子影像学在肿瘤的早期诊断及检测中发挥着越来越重要的作用.磁共振成像(MRI)是分子影像学的重要分支,具有其他成像技术不可比拟的优越性和广阔的发展前景.它不需要放射性示踪剂,没有电离辐射,具有高的空间、时间分辨率和组织对比度.近年来,新型磁共振分子探针及成像序列取得了一系列进展,包括环境响应型分子探针、19F成像、129Xe超极化成像以及化学交换饱和转移成像等,进一步拓展了MRI的应用范围.研究和开发靶向性好、弛豫效率高且安全性好的新型多模态MRI造影剂,进一步提高灵敏度是MRI领域的一项重要课题,例如将胶束的特性与一些MRI新方法结合,寻找合适的胶束体系,以提高MRI分子探针的灵敏度;或者引入多模态分子探针,弥补磁共振方法的不足.本文综述了胶束型MRI分子探针核心技术的研究进展与应用,并指出分子影像技术在生物医学工程研究和临床诊断中的重要性.  相似文献   

5.
提出了一种提高磁共振成像(MRI)信噪比的有效方法.该方法在每次采集回波信号前,能够快速、灵活地控制MRI接收机的增益,实现磁共振信号动态范围的压缩;在图像重建之前采用双精度浮点运算扩展动态范围压缩的磁共振信号,最终得到信噪比提高的重建图像.在1.5 T超导MRI系统上进行了自旋回波序列的水模成像,实验结果表明,相比传统的基于固定接收增益的扫描图像,利用该方法得到的T1加权图像信噪比可以提高10%.和其他提高磁共振信号动态范围的方法相比,该方法无需增加额外硬件电路,避免多次采集图像,因而具有实现成本低的优点,是一种提高MRI信噪比的有效方法.  相似文献   

6.
高强度聚焦超声(High Intensity Focused Ultrasound,HIFU)治疗肿瘤时,为了保证治疗的安全性和有效性,需要对组织温度分布进行实时监测.磁共振成像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)具有对温度敏感的成像参数,可以无创检测组织温度.本文结合组织相变对测温的影响,探讨了磁共振测温(Magnetic Resonance Thermometry,MRT)技术能否用于实时监控HIFU治疗.利用两态快速交换模型,提出在组织凝固性坏死的相变前后,MRI的纵向弛豫时间(T1)参数与组织温度之间具有不同关系.并通过实验验证了上述假设.相对于传统的磁共振测温方法模型,本文考虑了HIFU治疗过程中组织相变对检测温度的影响,对利用磁共振测温引导HIFU治疗具有重要的参考价值.  相似文献   

7.
磁共振分子影像学发展的主要瓶颈之一在于灵敏度的限制,基于激光光泵和自旋交换技术能获得增强4~5个量级的超极化129Xe磁共振信号,因此超极化129Xe磁共振分子影像学相对于传统MRI在灵敏度上表现出巨大的优势. 围绕提高灵敏度这一核心MRI问题及其在科学研究中的应用,该文介绍了目前基于超极化129Xe的生物分子探针的基本结构和原理,阐述了与之相关的分子影像学方法和技术,同时评述了当前的最新研究进展和发展方向.  相似文献   

8.
本文将软件无线电技术应用于磁共振成像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)信号接收,提出了射频直接带通采样MRI信号接收的方法.基于此接收方法设计了一种MRI信号数字解调方法,该方法利用Xilinx公司推出的数字信号处理(Digital Signal Processing,DSP)设计开发工具——System Generator实现,同时设计验证了能够灵活实现数字下变频(Digital Down Conversion,DDC)功能的DDC系统.仿真与实验平台均验证了该接收方法的正确性和有效性.  相似文献   

9.
王璐璐  朱勇  钟凯 《波谱学杂志》2016,33(1):168-178
肥胖症已经成为严重威胁人类健康的主要慢性疾病之一,磁共振成像(MRI)和磁共振波谱(MRS)技术的结合运用,对于评价脂肪组织分布和蓄积程度具有极大的优势.该文总结了近年来MRI与MRS技术在肥胖症研究中的应用进展,并讨论了MRI与MRS技术在肥胖症临床应用及科学研究中的价值.  相似文献   

10.
用于磁共振成像对比增强的造影剂研发进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
介绍了磁共振成像造影剂的作用原理与性能, 对用于造影剂的钆螯合物和自由基、超顺磁性氧化铁粒子的研究与开发进展作了综合评述.  相似文献   

11.
The investigations of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation of protons in aqueous solution and 2% agar–agar gel in the presence of magnetic nanoparticles were performed. To identify the effect of magnetic nanoparticles on the contrast of magnetic resonance images, the dependences of the MR signal intensity on the parameters of the two pulse radio-frequency (RF) sequences (spin-echo, gradient-echo) most commonly used in MRI for different values of the magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) concentration were simulated and analyzed. Recommendations for choosing the optimal values of pulse RF sequence parameters for MR imaging (MRI) in the presence of MNPs are formulated. MRI studies of phantom samples with 2% agar–agar gel containing MNPs have been performed for choosing the fast pulse RF sequence which shows the greatest contrast effect on MR images. A program for modeling magnetic resonance tomograms and determination of optimal values of pulse RF sequence parameters to achieve the best contrast of magnetic resonance images is developed. This program allows to reduce the time of MRI studies, to assess the possibility of using MNPs for contrast of MR images and to simulate the MR image in the presence of magnetic nanoparticles at the planning stage of procedures in MR-guided theranostics.  相似文献   

12.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has rapidly become an effective technique for the diagnosis and localization of most musculoskeletal diseases. Because MRI lacks ionizing radiation and has superior soft tissue contrast as compared with computed tomography without the need for intravenous contrast material, MRI is emerging as the study of choice for soft tissue masses. This report describes the use of MRI in the evaluation of an unusual axillary soft tissue mass in an adult, a cystic lymphangioma.  相似文献   

13.
《Comptes Rendus Physique》2010,11(2):136-148
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fast field-cycling (FFC) NMR are both well-developed methods. The combination of these techniques, namely fast field-cycling magnetic resonance imaging (FFC-MRI) is much less well-known. Nevertheless, FFC-MRI has a number of significant applications and advantages over conventional techniques, and is being pursued in a number of laboratories. This article reviews the progress in FFC-MRI over the last two decades, particularly in the areas of Earth's field and pre-polarised MRI, as well as free radical imaging using field-cycling Overhauser MRI. Different approaches to magnet design for FFC-MRI are also described. The paper then goes on to discuss recent techniques and applications of FFC-MRI, including protein measurement via quadrupolar cross-relaxation, contrast agent studies, localised relaxometry and FFC-MRI with magnetisation-transfer contrast.  相似文献   

14.
磁共振成像在现今临床医学诊断上占有相当重要的地位.如何增强成像对比度是磁共振成像研究领域中极为重要的课题.传统成像中利用磁共振性质的差异性来获得成像对比度,然而当这些性质的差异性小时,即使经过时间演化,还是难以得到可视的对比度.为了解决此问题,辐射阻尼是其中一个可能的方案.之前的研究显示,辐射阻尼对极小频率差亦能够在短时间的演化下得到相当强的对比度.然而辐射阻尼的产生需要高敏感度的射频线圈等限制.该研究将介绍如何利用外加的线路,模拟辐射阻尼现象,进而控制自旋动态,以达到增强成像对比度并进一步设计新的磁共振成像方式.  相似文献   

15.
This study deals with perfusion quantification in healthy volunteers using two types of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods. Absolute cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements were performed in 11 subjects by applying both bolus tracking of exogenous contrast agent and non-invasive arterial spin labeling MRI techniques. Both methods produced CBF images with good tissue contrast and CBF values are in good agreement with literature data. The correlation between cerebral blood volume (CBV) and CBF is also discussed.  相似文献   

16.
A method for intracellular iron labeling of human mononuclear cells (lymphocytes and monocytes) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using simple incubation of cells with approved MRI iron contrast agents is presented. Labeled cells can be detected by MRI in vitro, and this suggests the possibility that the technique could become a marker for in vivo lymphocyte and monocyte trafficking studies in acute inflammatory lesions such as those in Multiple Sclerosis.  相似文献   

17.
Initial clinical experience with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen using short TI inversion-recovery (STIR) pulse sequences is described and compared with X-ray CT in a variety of abdominal disease. The extent of abnormality shown with MRI was greater than that with CT in 21 of 30 cases and equal in 9 cases. Lesion contrast was greater with MRI in 15 cases, equal in 14 and less in 1. The level of artefact was equal in 27 cases and greater with MRI in 3 cases. The STIR pulse sequence has significant advantages in producing high soft-tissue contrast, controlling respiratory artefact, avoiding confusion with intra-abdominal fat and identifying bowel loops.  相似文献   

18.
Besides their use in contrast-enhanced proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), contrast agents were found to be useful as tracer molecules. Since paramagnetic ions in water have the ability to reduce the T1 of protons around them, MRI can determine the locations of Mn2+ and Gd3+ of ppm concentration in water. In opaque porous media saturated with water, MRI revealed diffusional motions of three contrast agents: MnCl2 (molecular-weight [M.W.], 126), gadolinium-diethylene-triaminepenta acetic acid (Gd-DTPA) (M.W., 743) and albumin (Gd-DTPA) (M.W., 94,000) at a diffusional displacement ratio of 9:5:2. With the aid of these contrast agents, the transport of low- to high-molecular-weight molecules in opaque water media such as living bodies can be observed using MRI.  相似文献   

19.
用固相多肽合成技术制备了特异性靶向肺癌干细胞的T_1型多肽核磁共振成像(MRI)探针——Gd-DOTA-HCBP-1.在11.7 T静磁场条件下,其纵向弛豫效率(r1)为6.15 mmol~(-1)·L·s~(-1),是商用T1造影剂Dotarem的1.6倍.体外细胞成像表明,此探针的使用可显著提高肺癌干细胞克隆球的可观测性,单个克隆球(包含2 000~4 000个细胞)可被明显辨识.  相似文献   

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