SiO_2/Ag核壳结构纳米粒子的制备及其表面荧光增强

以罗丹明B掺杂的SiO2球为核,通过化学还原的方法制备了二氧化硅/银核壳结构复合纳米粒子。采用透射电镜(TEM)、紫外-可见-近红外(UV-Vis-NIR)分光光度计和荧光分光光度计对二氧化硅/银核壳结构纳米粒子的表面形貌、表面等离子共振和表面荧光增强特性进行了研究和表征。结果表明,二氧化硅/银核壳结构纳米粒子的表面等离子共振峰具有明显的可调谐性,且其表面荧光增强强烈依赖于银壳层的表面等离子共振,随银壳层厚度的增大而增强。     

拉曼/荧光双响应复合纳米粒子在细胞成像中的应用

制备了负载抗癌药物阿霉素(DOX)并且具有表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)响应和荧光响应的复合纳米粒子。SERS成像和荧光成像结果表明纳米粒子可以成功被人结肠癌细胞(HT-29)内吞,并且DOX可以在细胞中释放。复合纳米粒子外层聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)膜层结构具有pH响应,可以加大DOX在不同pH环境的释放差异,达到药物控制释放的目的。这种复合纳米粒子模型在细胞成像、肿瘤药物研发等领域具有潜在应用价值。     

Au@SiO2纳米粒子的制备及其用于西维因的检测

采用一种简单、低成本的方法制备了单分散不同壳层厚度的Au@SiO2核壳纳米粒子.以结晶紫为探针分子,研究了核壳纳米粒子的壳层隔离纳米粒子增强拉曼光谱（SHINERS）效应与二氧化硅壳层厚度之间的关系.结果表明：随着壳层厚度从30nm减小到4nm,粒子之间局域电磁场作用逐渐增加,探针分子的拉曼信号强度大幅度增强.用增强效果最佳的4 nm SiO2壳层厚度的核壳纳米粒子可检测到浓度低达10-5mol/L溶液中的西维因,希望结合便携拉曼仪实现农产品中残留农药西维因的现场检测.     

核-壳结构的ZnS∶Cu/ZnS纳米粒子的制备及发光性质研究

制备了核-壳结构的ZnS∶Cu/ZnS纳米粒子以及普通的没有壳的Cu2 掺杂的ZnS纳米粒子,研究了ZnS无机壳层对ZnS∶Cu纳米粒子发光性质的影响。透射电子显微镜、激发光谱和发射光谱的研究表明,后加入的Zn2 离子在已经形成的ZnS核表面生长,形成ZnS壳层;而适当厚度的ZnS壳层可以钝化粒子表面,减少无辐射复合中心的数目,抑制表面态对发光的不利影响,提高ZnS∶Cu纳米粒子中Cu2 离子在450 nm左右的发光强度。     

核-壳结构的ZnS:Cu/ZnS纳米粒子的制备及发光性质研究

制备了核-壳结构的ZnS:Cu/ZnS纳米粒子以及普通的没有壳的Cu2 掺杂的ZnS纳米粒子,研究了ZnS无机壳层对ZnS:Cu纳米粒子发光性质的影响.透射电子显微镜、激发光谱和发射光谱的研究表明,后加入的Zn2 离子在已经形成的ZnS核表面生长,形成ZnS壳层;而适当厚度的ZnS壳层可以钝化粒子表面,减少无辐射复合中心的数目,抑制表面态对发光的不利影响,提高ZnS:Cu纳米粒子中Cu2 离子在450 nm左右的发光强度.     

金纳米棒标记HepG2人肝癌细胞的荧光成像及其AFM探测

金纳米棒具有独特的光学性质,在生物医学领域有着广泛而重要的应用前景.本文制备了长径比为8∶1的金纳米棒,其在480 nm波长激发下,在560 nm和707 nm波长处有两个荧光发射峰.基于金纳米棒的荧光性质,将其标记于HepG2人肝癌细胞表面,利用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜对标记后的细胞进行荧光成像.在488 nm激发下,获...     

金纳米粒子的电化学合成及光谱表征

采用电化学方法合成各种形状的金纳米粒子,生成的金纳米粒子形貌与施加电流有关,通过匀速递增电流电解的方法,可制备得到哑铃形,球形以及棒状金纳米粒子,采用恒电流电解方法主要获得球形及哑铃形纳米粒子。利用透射电镜、紫外-可见光谱及拉曼光谱对金纳米粒子进行相关表征。紫外-可见光谱研究发现金纳米棒出现位于近红外区间的吸收峰(985 nm),由此推测棒的长径比约为6。以结晶紫为探针分子,研究了金纳米粒子的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)效应,并分析得出其平躺的吸附模式。根据形貌表征的结果推断了纳米粒子的生长机理。     

两种纳米粒子的自组装及表面增强拉曼光谱研究

在氨基硅烷化的单晶硅片表面通过静电自组装技术组装上金和金核铂壳两种纳米粒子,通过改变基底浸泡在溶胶中的时间控制基底上纳米粒子的密度。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对基底表面上的形貌进行表征,结果表明纳米粒子呈亚单层二维阵列分布。以吡啶(Py)为探针分子,用波长为632.8 nm的激发光作为激发光源,研究纯金和金铂复合基底上的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)行为。数据显示在金纳米粒子之间引入金核铂壳纳米粒子后,Py的两个特征峰的频率没有明显变化,但谱峰的强度却变弱了,其SERS信号衰减最大可至原来的24%。这是由于引入的铂的d态电子使金的等离子体激发猝灭,从而破坏了电磁场增强,使金的SERS信号衰减。     

热注射法合成用于生物成像的核壳上转换纳米晶

近几年来,稀土上转换发光纳米材料凭借其生物组织穿透深度大、无组织损伤、无背景荧光干扰和成像灵敏度高等诸多优点,在生物体荧光成像领域展现了巨大的潜在应用价值.本文采用"一次热注射"高温溶剂热法制备不同壳层厚度的NaYF_4:Yb, Tm@NaYF_4上转换发光材料.利用透射电子显微镜、粒径分析、荧光光谱等对产物进行表征,探讨壳层厚度对纳米粒子上转换发光强度的影响.结果表明,在980 nm近红外光照射下,上转换纳米材料能够发出紫外-可见光.而且,由于壳层包覆有效抑制了上转换发光的表面猝灭效应,核壳结构的NaYF_4:Yb, Tm@NaYF_4纳米粒子发光强度比NaYF_4:Yb, Tm提高了数十倍;当壳层厚度为22.7 nm时,上转换发光强度最强.此外,通过对上转换发光颗粒进行酸洗和聚乙二醇(PEG)修饰,提高了纳米材料的生物相容性,并成功将其应用于细胞的上转换荧光成像.     

荧光/表面增强拉曼散射双模式纳米光学探针的构建及性能研究

提出一种新型的荧光及表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）双模式光学纳米探针。首先,通过再沉淀-包覆法合成二氧化硅包覆香豆素6的纳米颗粒,再在二氧化硅表面静电吸附多聚赖氨酸分子形成包覆层,随后通过原位还原的方法在多聚赖氨酸壳层复合银纳米颗粒,最后在银纳米颗粒表面吸附拉曼分子即形成双模式纳米探针。该探针通过二氧化硅包覆的荧光分子产生荧光信号,以多聚赖氨酸表面的银纳米颗粒作为SERS增强基底,利用拉曼分子获得SERS信号,实现了荧光及SERS双模式成像。荧光与表面增强拉曼散射相结合的双模式分析技术可同时发挥二者的优点,提高成像的分辨率和灵敏度,在生物医学领域具有重要的应用价值。     

Nanostructures of gold coated iron core-shell nanoparticles and the nanobands assembled under magnetic field

Pure metal iron nanoparticles are unstable in the air. By a coating iron on nanoparticle surface with a stable noble metal, these air-stable nanoparticles are protected from the oxidation and retain most of the favorable magnetic properties, which possess the potential application in high density memory device by forming self-assembling nanoarrays. Gold-coated iron core-shell structure nanoparticles (Fe/Au) synthesized using reverse micelles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The average nanoparticle size of the core-shell structure is about 8 nm, with about 6 nm diameter core and 1∼2 nm shell. Since the gold shell is not epitaxial growth related to the iron core, the morié pattern can be seen from the overlapping of iron core and gold shell. However, the gold shell lattice can be seen by changing the defocus of TEM. An energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS) also shows the nanoparticles are air-stable. The magnetic measurement of the nanoparticles also proved successful synthesis of gold coated iron core-shell structure. The nanoparticles were then assembled under 0.5 T magnetic field and formed parallel nanobands with about 10 μm long. Assembling two dimensional ordered nanoarrays are still under going. Received 29 November 2000     

Silica-covered Au nanoresonators for fluorescence modulating of a graphene quantum dot

We synthesize Au@SiO2composite particles with a core-shell structure, and utilize the Au@SiO2nanoparticles to modulate the fluorescence emission of the graphene quantum dot(GQD) through varying the silica shell thickness. The silica shell thickness can be easily controlled by varying the coating time. After silica coating, we investigate the influence of the silica thickness on the fluorescence emission of the GQD and find that the fluorescence property of the GQD can be changed as expected by varying the thickness of the silica shell. We propose an optimized coating time for the silica shell under the interaction of fluorescence quenching and enhancement.     

Effect of Mixing Sequence on Phase Morphology and Mechanical Properties in Polyamide 6/Butadiene (Core) Styrene Acrylonitrile-G-Maleic Anhydride (Shell) Latex/Organoclay Ternary Nanocomposites

Ternary nanocomposites based on polyamide-6, maleated butadiene (core) -acrylonitrile-styrene (shell) rubber particles (PB-g-SAM), and modified montmorillonite (organoclay) were prepared by a twin-screw extruder. The glassy shell of the core-shell particles can act as a barrier which can resist the entrance of clay into the rubber phase. The influence of mixing sequence on the phase morphology and mechanical properties were studied. The microstructure of the ternary nanocomposites was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the clay in the polyamide nanocomposites was partially exfoliated, exhibiting a mixture of exfoliated structures. The organoclay plates affected the interfacial adhesion between the polyamide-6 and the core-shell particles. The location of the organoclay plates in the blends with different mixing sequences produced differences of the mechanical properties. The results of mechanical testing revealed that the optimum mixing sequence to achieve balanced mechanical properties was mixing the polyamide-6 and organoclay first followed by mixing with the core-shell particles.     

可循环表面增强拉曼光谱基底的制备及其应用

以氨基硅烷为偶联剂,硅酸钠为硅源,合成了一种以金为核,二氧化硅为壳的核壳纳米粒子。通过调节硅酸钠的量,反应温度和反应时间控制二氧化硅壳层厚度,获得理想的表面增强效应。通过研究表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)信号强度和二氧化硅层厚度之间的关系优化基底的制备条件。采用对巯基苯和联吡啶作为探针分子进行SERS实验,在一定浓度范围内得到SERS信号强度和浓度的对数之间的线性关系,实验结果表明此组装有Au@SiO2的ITO基底作为可循环利用基底可定量分析吸附物种的浓度。     

Synthesis and characterization of multifunctional silica core-shell nanocomposites with magnetic and fluorescent functionalities

Multifunctional core-shell nanocomposites with a magnetic core and a silica shell doped with lanthanide chelate have been prepared by a simple method. First, citric acid-modified magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized by a chemical coprecipitation method. Then the magnetite nanoparticles were coated with silica shells doped with terbium (Tb³⁺) complex by a modified Stöber method based on hydrolyzing and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and a silane precursor. These multifunctional nanocomposites are potentially useful in a variety of biological areas such as bio-imaging, bio-labeling and bioassays because they can be simultaneously manipulated with an external magnetic field and exhibit unique phosphorescence properties.     

Novel Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag@Ni trepang-like nanocomposites:High-efficiency and magnetic recyclable catalysts for organic dye degradation

A facile step-by-step approach is developed for synthesizing the high-efficiency and magnetic recyclable Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag@Ni trepang-like nanocomposites.This method involves coating Fe_2O_3 nanorods with a uniform silica layer,reduction in 10%H_2/Ar atmosphere to transform the Fe_2O_3 into magnetic Fe_3O_4,and finally depositing Ag@Ni core-shell nanoparticles on the L-lysine modified surface of Fe_3O_4@SiO_2 nanorods.The fabricated nanocomposites are further characterized by x-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy.The Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag@Ni trepang-like nanocomposites exhibit remarkably higher catalytic efficiency than monometallic Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag nanocomposites toward the degradation of Rhodamine B(RhB) at room temperature,and maintain superior catalytic activity even after six cycles.In addition,these samples could be easily separated from the catalytic system by an external magnet and reused,which shows great potential applications in treating waste water.     

Photoluminescent core-shell particles of organic dye in silica

Using a single silica precursor, Rhodamine 6G organic dye molecules have been entrapped in silica particles resulting into core-shell particles of ∼500 nm diameter. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals that dye molecules are trapped inside the silica particles. Photoluminescence investigations show that highly luminescent and photostable core-shell particles are formed. Such core-shell particles can be easily suspended in water and would be useful for a variety of applications. However, there is a blue shift in the photoluminescence wavelength in case of core-shell particles compared to bare dye powder sample.     

Fluorescent Biological Label for Recognizing Human Ovarian Tumor Cells Based on Fluorescent Nanoparticles

In this paper, we report a method for recognizing human ovarian tumor(HOT) cells using fluorescent biological label based on core-shell nanoparticles. The luminescent nanoparticles were synthesized with a water-in-oil(W/O)micromulsion technique. The fluorescent silica core-shell nanoparticles modified with anti-HER2 antibody using bifunctional cross-linker glutaraldedhyde targeted the corresponding tumor antigen in the cell surface of the SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. The specific immunoreactivity of antibody-nanoparticles with cells was characterized by laser scanning microscopy (LSM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the method offered potential advantages of sensitivity and simplicity due to high binding efficiency between nanoparticles and cells and provided an alternative method for the detection of HOT.     

Local temperature pattern in plasmonic gold nanoshell: tuning the heat generation

Under quasi-steady-state conditions, we investigated the photo-heat conversion in a gold nanoshell by calculating the local equilibrium temperature distribution. In a thinner gold shell, the hot spots take place near the poles of both shell-surrounding and core-shell interface, perpendicularly to the incident field. In a thicker gold shell, the hot spots only take place near the core-shell interface. The maximum local temperature also depends greatly on the core media and shell thickness. Optimal heat generation can be obtained with small core dielectric constant and thin shell thickness. The mechanism of this local heating distribution is explained by the local field enhancement that is induced by the plasmon coupling.