共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
柏劲松 《工程物理研究院科技年报》2008,(1)
在多介质复杂流动及其相互作用情况下的界面不稳定性研究中,尽管流体的黏性系数比较小,但对流场特别是因界面不稳定性引起的混合部分产生的影响是不能忽略的。采用算子分裂技术,将考虑热传导和黏性情况下Navier Stokes(NS)方程描述的物理过程分解成3个子过程进行数值计算,即整个流量计算分解成无黏性流量、黏性流量和热流量3部分。无黏性流量计算体部分包含对激波、稀疏波以及接触间断的计算和多介质界面处理技术,黏性流量和热流量的计算,主要考虑牛顿流体黏性应力张量和能量流的影响。 相似文献
5.
6.
声波在饱含流体孔隙介质中的传播特性与流体的黏滞性及孔隙介质的非均匀性密切相关.本文在Biot理论基础上,考虑了孔隙流体的剪切应力及孔隙结构的非均匀性,采用含黏性流体孔隙介质中的波动理论,研究了孔隙介质中四种体波的频散和衰减特性,分析了慢横波对快纵波转换散射的影响,进一步推导了孔隙地层井孔中的模式波及其声场的解析解,研究了非均匀孔隙介质中井孔模式波和波列的特征.研究结果表明,含黏性流体孔隙介质中存在慢横波,慢横波的频散很强,其传播特征受到介质孔隙度、渗透率及孔隙流体黏度的影响.在非均匀孔隙介质中,与慢横波相关的剪切应力平衡过程不仅导致快纵波的频散和衰减,还会影响井孔伪瑞利波及斯通利波的传播特征.本文的工作完善了孔隙介质中声波传播的物理机制,为孔隙地层井孔声波的解释与应用提供了理论指导. 相似文献
7.
8.
采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了液态氩在铂纳米通道内的流动,通过改变流体和壁面之间的势能作用获得了流体和通道表面之间浸润性质不同时的滑移现象. 研究发现:液体分子在亲水性通道表面附近呈类固体性质,数密度和有序性较大,而在疏水性表面附近的平均数密度降低,形成一个低密度层;液体流动在固体表面的速度滑移随着液体与表面势能作用的增强而减小,当液体和表面的浸润性不同时可以发生滑移、表观无滑移和负滑移现象;液体在固体表面的表观滑移是液体在固体表面的速度滑移、粘附和流体内部滑移的综合作用的结果.
关键词:
纳米尺度流动
速度滑移
浸润性
分子动力学模拟 相似文献
9.
《工程热物理学报》2016,(1)
流体在临界点附近参数区域,其黏性系数、比热容、导热系数、密度等热物理性质都会发生剧烈变化,因此超临界流体在多孔介质中的渗流特性较为复杂,常规流体多孔渗流压降特性规律能否适用有待于验证。以超临界水煤气化技术为代表的一系列高新技术的发展对多孔介质中超临流体的渗流特性的认识提出了更高的要求。本文考察了典型操作参数(温度300~450℃,压力22.7~25 MPa,流量0.8~3 kg.h~(-1))对多孔介质中超临界水渗流压降特性的影响。研究结果表明:Ergun公式在估算多孔介质中超临界水渗流压降的过程,黏性项被高估,惯性项被低估。本工作有望为超临界水煤气化技术中超临界水流化床的设计提供依据。 相似文献
10.
11.
Effect of Molecular Interactions between the Solid Wall and Liquid on the Flow Properties in Microtubes 下载免费PDF全文
The flow properties in microtubes, such as velocity profiles and pressure distributions, are different from those in macrotubes. We attribute this phenomenon to the molecular interactions between the solid wall and inner liquid. The apparent viscosity, which takes into consideration the molecular interactions, is introduced in the present study and the Navier-Stokes equations are solved. Water is adopted in the calculation. For the hydrophilic material wall, the water is more like to adhere to the wall. The velocity near the wall is smaller than that of conventional theory, while the centerline velocity and pressure gradients are much larger. Such a phenomenon becomes much more obvious with the decrease in tube diameter. 相似文献
12.
A force field has been developed to describe the phase behaviour, interfacial, and transport properties of nitrogen and hydrocarbon mixtures under conditions relevant to those found in the high pressure extraction of oil from underground reservoirs. A Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo method is used to parametrize intermolecular potentials for the pure components by matching experimental and simulated liquid and vapour coexisting densities. Also the surface tension, diffusion coefficient and shear viscosity of nitrogen and its mixtures with butane have been determined. The latter properties were obtained by canonical molecular dynamics simulations. The diffusion coefficient and shear viscosity were calculated by a Green-Kubo method. Results for pure nitrogen are given for temperatures ranging from 70 K to 110K. For mixtures of nitrogen with butane, results are presented at 339.4 K and 380.2 K. Good agreement is found between the results of simulations and available experimental data. 相似文献
13.
分别测量了CCl4和C6H6二元溶液和纯液体在不同压强下(0~11GPa)的拉曼光谱。结果表明二元溶液的压强效应明显不同于纯液体的压强效应:2种液体混合,由于体密度增加,分子间距离减小,分子间相互作用能增加,拉曼光谱线频移(兰移)速度增大,二元溶液频移速度大于纯液体的频移速度;谱线劈裂(相变)提前和固有频差Δ0随压强增加而加大;苯的ν1+ν6~ν8、四氯化碳的ν1+ν4~ν3费米共振消失压强减小;不同压缩系数的分子频移速度不同,密度较小的CCl4分子,化学键长,力常数小,压缩系数大,容易压缩。密度大的C6H6分子,化学键短,力常数大,压缩系数小,不易压缩。CCl4分子大多拉曼频移速度大于C6H6分子相近频率的频移速度。并对高压下分子谱线归属、认证有参考价值,对不同环境下的高压效应、分子间相互作用、溶剂效应等研究提供了方法和思路。 相似文献
14.
本文通过理论和实验对液晶 5CB在剪切和电场耦合作用下流变行为进行了研究. 采用液晶连续理论, 建立了包括界面锚定能, 弹性自由能, 介电自由能和流动能在内的系统 Gibbs自由能公式, 通过最小化系统自由能的方法求解液晶在剪切和电场耦合作用下的取向分布及其黏度变化, 从分子基础模型上揭示了液晶在耦合作用下的流变行为、微观机理及其影响规律, 并通过流变测试对此进行验证. 对比分析了理论和试验结果的误差和原因, 发现界面锚定效应对于液晶分子的取向和黏度具有重要影响. 理论和试验结果均表明, 液晶在电场作用下具有明显的电黏效应, 表现出非牛顿流变行为, 其黏度值由剪切和电场的竞争和耦合作用共同决定. 在外电场作用下液晶的黏度可以增加到初始值的 4倍左右, 液晶这种其自身黏度可随着外场 (例如运动速度) 改变的特性在一定的条件下可以自适应地满足不同工况对黏度的要求, 这对实现智能摩擦润滑具有重要的意义.
关键词:
液晶
流变行为
电黏效应
耦合作用 相似文献
15.
Binglian Bai Haitao Wang Hong Xin Jianhua Shi Beihong Long Min Li 《Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry》2007,20(8):589-593
Hydrazide‐based non‐symmetric liquid crystal dimers were synthesized. The liquid crystalline properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD). These non‐symmetric liquid crystal dimers are evidenced to display the monolayer smectic C phase. The effects of the lateral intermolecular hydrogen bonding as well as the length of the terminal alkyl chains and the spacers on the mesophase are discussed. Our studies reveal that intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the hydrazide groups and microsegregation effect is the driving force for the formation of the monolayer smectic C structure. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
Prevenslik TV 《Ultrasonics sonochemistry》1998,5(3):93-105
Sonoluminescence observed in the cavitation of liquid H2O may be explained by the Planck theory of SL, which treats the bubbles as collapsing miniature masers having optical waves standing in resonance with the dimensions of the bubble cavity. Microwaves are shown to be created from the Planck energy of the standing waves, provided the bubble wall can be treated as a perfect blackbody surface. Liquid H2O is strongly absorbent in the ultraviolet and there the bubble approaches a Planck blackbody enclosure. The microwaves are created at frequencies proportional to the bubble collapse velocity only to be promptly absorbed by the rotation quantum states of the H2O and other bubble wall molecules. The microwaves are absorbed discretely at rotation line frequencies, or continuously by dipole rotation at frequencies from 1 to 30 GHz. In the liquid state, molecular rotation of the H2O molecule is hindered and the microwave energy is rapidly turned into bending energy by intermolecular collisions. Subsequently, the bubble wall molecules may thereby ionize and produce visible photons. The microwaves create intense electrical fields in the bubble wall by dielectric polarization. If the gases adjacent to the bubble wall undergo electrical breakdown, free electrons are created, thereby providing sonoluminescence with a magnetic field effect. 相似文献
17.
18.
E. Bringuier 《Physica A》2011,390(11):1861-1875
19.
N. A. Vorona A. V. Gavrikov A. S. Ivanov O. F. Petrov V. E. Fortov I. A. Shakhova 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》2007,105(4):824-830
We present the results of our experimental study of the flow of a dusty plasma liquid produced by macroparticles in an argon plasma. The dependences of shear viscosity for such a liquid on the magnitude of the external force inducing the dusty plasma liquid flow and on the plasma-generating gas pressure are analyzed. We have established that the viscosity of a dusty plasma medium decreases with increasing shear stress in it, while the viscosity of such a liquid increases with buffer gas pressure. The flow of a dusty plasma liquid under the action of an external force has been found to resemble the plastic deformation of a Bingham body. We suggest that the formation of crystal-like dusty plasma clusters in a “liquid” phase can be responsible for the non-Newtonian behavior of the dusty plasma liquid flow. 相似文献
20.
研究了电渗驱动下幂律流体在有限长微扩张管道内非稳态流动特性.基于Ostwald-de Wael幂律模型,采用高精度紧致差分离散二维Poisson-Nernst-Planck方程及修正的Cauchy动量方程,数值模拟了初始及稳态时刻微扩张管道内幂律流体电渗流流场分布情况,研究了管道截面改变对幂律流体无量纲剪切应变率及无量纲表观黏度的影响,以及无量纲表观黏度对拟塑性流体与胀流型流体流速分布的影响.数值模拟结果显示,当扩张角和无量纲电动宽度一定时,电场驱动下的幂律流体在近壁区域速度响应都很快;初始时刻,近壁处表观黏度的变化受到剪切应变率变化的影响,从而影响了三种幂律流体速度峰值的分布,出现拟塑性流体流速在扩张段上游及扩张段近壁处速度峰值均为幂律流体中最大、而在扩张段下游三种幂律流体速度峰值相近的现象;稳态时刻,幂律流体速度剖面呈现塞型分布,且满足连续性条件下,幂律流体流速随扩张管半径增大而减小,牛顿流体流动规律与宏观尺度下流动规律相同;初始时刻,在相同电动宽度、不同壁面电势作用下,幂律流体在扩张管近壁处剪切应变率分布的差异导致表观黏度分布的差异,并最终导致拟塑性流体与胀流型流体流速分布的差异. 相似文献