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1.
邹欣晔  袁樱  梁彬  程建春 《应用声学》2013,32(3):169-181
受到电子二极管整流效应的启发,对单向声传播结构展开了一系列的理论与实验研究:将超晶格结构与非线性声学材料组合构成了可实现声整流效应的声二极管结构;通过将反对称弹性结构引入到复合结构板来产生Lamb波的不对称模式转化,设计了可实现Lamb波单向传播的线性声学结构;基于声子晶体的部分禁带特性,在有限尺度声学系统中设计并实现了单向声学波导结构;设计并实现了由纯板与声栅构成的声单向传播结构,具有小尺寸与高效率的特点,且声波出射角度可调;基于声学梯度材料设计了可在极宽频带内实现不对称声传播的声学结构。  相似文献   

2.
为准确分析含多孔材料有源声学结构的声学性能,利用一种结合(u,p)方程和有限元技术的计算方法对有源声学结构建模,分析声波在多孔材料中传播规律,并进行了实验验证.基于固相位移和流相声压的(u,p)方程对多孔材料固、流两相间强烈耦合进行分析,建立了多孔材料的有限元模型,并对含有多孔材料双层板有源声学结构的声学性能进行了测量...  相似文献   

3.
离散障板稀疏圆柱基阵   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文设计了一种新型的离散障板稀疏圆柱基阵。它采用了离散的三叠层宽带散射矩形反声障板,阵元接收面朝向障板和基阵阵元稀疏排列的布阵技术。阐述了基阵的设计特点并理论计算了障板和基阵的设计原理和声学性能。经过湖上试验和数据分析,证明这种新型的基阵和法国ELEDONE基阵的声学性能相当,是一种先进的新型潜用圆柱基阵。  相似文献   

4.
为了开发与应用新型列车车体降噪内装结构,基于混合FE-SEA法对轨道车辆用新型橡胶泡棉夹芯板进行隔声与声辐射预测建模,并进行了试验验证,进而利用该模型分析了橡胶泡棉孔隙率与芯皮厚度比对其隔声性能、声辐射性能的影响规律,并通过敷设阻尼层优化了其声学性能。最后,在侧墙组合结构的声学设计中评价了其实际应用效果。结果表明:随着孔隙率的逐步下降,橡胶泡棉夹芯板隔声量上升趋势较为明显,而辐射声功率持续降低;随着芯皮厚度比的逐步提高,夹芯板隔声量呈略微上升趋势,辐射声功率则相应降低。在远离声源一侧的橡胶泡棉蒙皮外侧敷设阻尼层的效果最优,优化后夹芯板计权隔声量提高0.7dB,总声功率级降低0.7dB;相较于传统木质胶合板和铝蜂窝板,橡胶泡棉夹芯板相较于传统内装板材在结构隔声设计中具有轻量化优势。  相似文献   

5.
针对单层微穿孔板的低频吸声问题提出了微穿孔板复合板型声学超材料结构。将板型声学超材料置入微穿孔板结构的背腔内部实现结构复合。实验结果表明:在相同背腔厚度下,复合结构的吸声性能整体优于单层微穿孔板结构,其中复合结构的吸声曲线从396~892 Hz均大于0.6,在453 Hz处吸声系数达到0.972。利用有限元方法对复合结构进行了仿真,仿真计算的吸声曲线与实验吸声曲线的趋势基本相同,同时发现低频吸声主要由板型声学超材料与声波相互作用贡献。板型声学超材料的吸声峰值的对应频率处,其等效动态质量密度从正变负。在复合结构内部的微穿孔板和板型声学超材料存在相互耦合作用,使得复合结构的第一峰值发生微小偏移。增加板型声学超材料的质量块重量可以使第一吸声峰值向低频移动;保持总背腔厚度不变,增加板型声学超材料的子腔厚度,也可以使第一吸声峰向低频移动。   相似文献   

6.
声学超构材料   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
2000年报道的具有局域共振带隙的声学材料是声学超构材料的前身,也是最早实现的声学超构材料.同光学、电磁超构材料一样,近年来声学超构材料也引起了许多学者的研究兴趣.文章介绍了到目前为止声学超构材料的主要研究进展,内容包括含共振单元的声学超构材料的负有效声学参数(包括质量密度、体模量等)的实现,以及不含共振单元的声学超构材料的一些有效声学参数的确定等,最后对声学超构材料的可能应用进行了简单展望.  相似文献   

7.
王亚琴  徐晓美  林萍 《应用声学》2022,41(6):875-883
为探讨薄膜型声学超材料用于汽车前围声学包、提高其中低频隔声能力的可行性,设计一种米字摆臂多质量块薄膜型声学超材料,构建其隔声分析有限元模型 ,分析其隔声特性及影响因素,开展结构优化及其在汽车前围声学包上的应用探索。研究表明,所设计的薄膜型声学超材料单胞在中低频区域具有较宽的隔声频带;增加薄膜上质量块半径或厚度会使传声损失曲线整体向低频区域移动,且质量块半径的增加还会拓宽高频区域的隔声频带;增加薄膜厚度或预应力会使传声损失曲线整体向高频区域移动;优化后的薄膜型声学超材料与钢板组合应用于汽车前围板,可明显提高其中低频隔声能力。  相似文献   

8.
米永振  杨浩森  雷博  郑辉 《声学学报》2020,45(3):404-414
研究局域共振型声学超材料的带隙特性时,面临的首要问题是寻求一种带隙特性的高效解法。为此,本文以局域共振型声学超材料薄板为研究对象,提出了一种基于能量泛函变分原理及正交多项式级数展开的带隙计算方法。该方法通过合并基体板及共振子的动、势能及外力功建立元胞的能量泛函,经过变分运算得到元胞的振动控制方程,进而引入第一类Chebyshev正交多项式作为基函数将控制方程进行离散。为克服无法直接对离散控制方程中的广义坐标施加周期边界条件的困难,该方法将连续边界条件弱化到若干选定的配点上以离散方式实现,并将对应的一组线性约束条件通过拉格朗日乘子法施加到系统中。仿真结果表明,该方法具有较高的计算精度和效率,并可应用于"局域共振子-夹层板"等复合结构的带隙特性研究。本文方法为局域共振型薄壁超材料的带隙求解提供了新的思路,丰富了声学超材料的振-声学理论,并为薄壁超材料的工程设计和优化提供了技术支撑。   相似文献   

9.
吸声型薄膜声学超材料低频宽带吸声性能研究*   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
本文根据吸声型薄膜声学超材料的吸声机理,在传统的吸声型薄膜声学超材料结构的基础上引入质量非对称结构, 优化了不同厚度质量片的排布方式,并根据优化结果制备了能够实现低频宽带吸声效果的薄膜声学超材料样品。对其进行声学实验的测试结果显示,样品在 100-1000Hz 频率范围内的平均吸声系数达 0.25,并在 250-800Hz 频率范围内出现了多个共振吸收峰,且实验测得的吸声系数曲线与仿真曲线的趋势有较高的一致性。因此该样品实现了低频宽带吸声。  相似文献   

10.
声学超构材料作为一种新型的人工结构材料,拥有天然材料所不具备的超常物理特性,进一步拓展了材料的声学属性.同时,声学超构材料可以实现对声波精准的、可设计的操控,以及许多新颖奇特的物理现象,如声准直、声聚焦、声场隐身、声单向传输、声学超分辨成像等,具有重要的理论研究意义和应用价值.另外,拓扑材料的研究已延伸至声学领域,声学超构材料的拓扑性质成为近年的研究热点,受到人们的广泛关注.其鲁棒性边界态具有缺陷免疫、背散射抑制的特性,应用潜力巨大.本文综述了近十几年来声学超构材料的研究概况,介绍了相关的代表性工作,包括奇异等效声学参数的超构材料、声学超构表面、吸声超构材料、声学超分辨成像、宇称时间对称性声学和拓扑声学等,阐述了声学超构材料的设计理念和方法,并对其技术挑战和应用前景进行了讨论和总结.  相似文献   

11.
郝浩琦 《应用声学》2011,30(3):187-192
障板的反射系数一般是指声波垂直入射时的反射声波与入射声波的幅值比,不能全面反映障板的使用效果。在实际应用中,障板的实际增益受到障板自身的声特性、换能器到障板的距离、声波入射角度、声波频率等众多因素的影响,反射系数很高的反声障板,实际增益却可能为负。本文使用相对灵敏度级(Relative Sensitivity Level)来衡量反声障板的"真实"增益,论述了相对灵敏度级的计算方法,对影响反声障板增益的因素进行了研究。  相似文献   

12.
本文研究内容属于舰艇声兼容性技术研究的一部分。应用声学软件SYSNOISE计算了,声纳定向发射时某试验用声纳导流罩及尾部吸声障板的声场特性,同时进行相同工况的水下模型试验。计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,说明应用声学软件对声纳声场进行计算是一种可行的方法,有可能推广至其他的水下模型的声场计算。结果数据反映了吸声障板对声纳定向发射时声场的影响,为舰艇总体声纳导流罩内吸声障板的结构设计、声兼容设计提供依据。  相似文献   

13.
The acoustic behavior of a circular dual-chamber muffler is investigated in detail by: (1) a two-dimensional (2-D) axisymmetric analytical approach based on the mode-matching technique for the concentric configurations; (2) the finite element method; and (3) experimental work. A number of effects is studied, including (1) the presence of a rigid baffle in the chamber; (2) the inner radius of the baffle; (3) the position of the baffle along the axial direction; and (4) the extended inlet/outlet and baffle ducts. Some of these effects are shown to modify the acoustic behavior drastically, suggesting potential means to improve the acoustic performance.  相似文献   

14.
In this work,acoustic vector characteristics of near fields scattered by an underwater finite cylindrical baffle are investigated theoretically and experimentally.The analytic expressions for the scattered pressure and particle velocity are derived using the elastic thin shell theory.Calculations are presented for the scattered near fields of the pressure,the particle velocity and the intensity.It is found that the pressure and the particle velocity fields near the surface of the cylindrical baffle are characterized by complex interference structure,particle velocity directions and the source bearings are not consistent.The phase difference between the pressure and the particle velocity is not zero and the intensity vector does not reflect the sound bearings.It can be noted that the distortions of the fields will make the original vector signal processing method based on the free space assumption be no longer applicable in the presence of the cylindrical baffle.These results can serve as a basis of the application for the acoustic vector sensor on board.  相似文献   

15.
Acoustic damping enhanced by gap width in baffled injectors is investigated numerically, which are installed to suppress pressure oscillations in a model acoustic chamber. The previous experimental works reported that baffled injectors show larger acoustic damping with gaps between adjoining injectors than baffled injectors without the gap or conventional baffles. Acoustic-damping behaviors of baffled injectors are simulated numerically and the damping mechanism is examined. Damping factors are calculated as a function of baffle gap and it is found that the maximum acoustic damping is observed at a gap of 0.1-0.2 mm. The enhanced damping by gaps is attributed to viscous dissipation on the surfaces of the injectors or baffle blades. The optimum gap for maximum damping depends on the viscosity of the medium in the chamber and it increases with the viscosity. As a quantitative parameter of viscous dissipation, the dissipation rate of kinetic energy is calculated as a function of baffle gap. The parameter shows its maximum value at a specific gap and especially, the viscous dissipation rate has the same profile as that of damping factor. It verifies that the enhanced damping by gaps is attributed to the viscous dissipation of acoustic energy increased by gaps in baffled injectors.  相似文献   

16.
唐义政  吴昭军  汤立国 《中国物理 B》2010,19(5):54303-054303
A spherical cap radiator is one of the important parts of an underwater wide-beam imaging system.The back radiation of a traditional spherical cap radiator,which is composed of a vibrating cap and a rigid baffle,is strong and its far-field directivity function may fluctuate in big amplitude in the vicinity of the polar axis.These shortcomings complicate the processing of the reflective waves received for imaging the targets.In this study,the back radiation is weakened by adding an acoustic soft material belt between the vibrating cap and the rigid baffle.And the fluctuation mentioned above is lowered remarkably by dividing the spherical cap radiator into many annuluses and a relatively smaller spherical cap,and by controlling the phase retardations of all elements appropriately.Furthermore,the numerical experiments are carried out by the finite element method(FEM) to prove the validity of the above methods.  相似文献   

17.
In order to study the acoustic radiation from the spherical cap transducer,a theoretical model is used by solving the wave equation in spherical coordinates using the method of separation of variables,based on the spherical harmonic Fourier transform and boundary condition.The calculation formulas for the far field radiated pressure and directivity of spherical cap are derived.Some theoretical results are presented in the form of far-field directivity patterns of the spherical cap transducer for various polar angles of the spherical cap,radii of sphere baffle and operating frequencies.Both the diameter of the sphere baffle and the wavelength determine the directivity of acoustic radiation from a spherical cap.When the frequency is lower or the wavelength is longer than the diameter of the sphere baffle,the acoustic radiation from a spherical cap is omnidirectional.With the increase of the frequency or the diameter of the sphere baffle,the acoustic radiation from a spherical cap is more directional and the beamwidth more tends to spherical cap angle.Furthermore,the ripple in the beam is more obvious.The high frequency spherical cap transducer was fabricated and the directivity pattern was tested and the measurement data is shown to coincide with the theoretical results.This research can provide a guideline for designing the spherical cap transducers and arrays.  相似文献   

18.
为了研究球冠型换能器的声辐射特性,在分离变量法求解球面坐标系下波动方程的基础上,采用基于球谐基傅里叶变换及边界条件的求解模型,给出了球冠型换能器声辐射的远场声压计算表达式和远场指向性表达式;仿真计算了球冠换能器的远场指向性随球冠极角、球半径及振动频率变化的特性,球冠所在球障板的直径和介质中声波的波长比决定着球冠声辐射指向性,在低频或波长大于球障板直径时,球冠声辐射呈无指向性,随着频率的增高即波长的减小或者球障板直径的增大,球冠声辐射的指向性越明显,波束开角越趋向于球冠的开角,而且波束开角内出现波浪状起伏越明显;试制了高频球冠型换能器基阵,测试了换能器基阵300 kHz的指向性,测试结果与理论计算相符合,验证了理论计算表达式的正确性,可为设计球冠型换能器及基阵提供理论指导。   相似文献   

19.
Exact solutions are derived for sound radiation from four kinds of infinitely-long strips: namely a rigid strip in a baffle of finite width, a resilient strip in free space, and a resilient or rigid strip in an infinite baffle. In one limit, the strip in a finite baffle becomes a rigid strip in free space and in the other, a line source in a finite baffle. Here "rigid" means that the surface velocity is uniform, whereas "resilient" means that the surface pressure is uniform, and the strip is assumed to have zero mass or stiffness, as if a force were driving the acoustic medium directly. According to the Babinet-Bouwkamp principle, radiation from a resilient strip in an infinite baffle is equivalent to diffraction of a plane wave through a slit in the same. Plots are shown for the radiation impedances, far-field directivity patterns, and on-axis pressure responses of the four kinds of strip. A simple relationship between the radiation admittance of the rigid strip in an infinite baffle and the resilient strip in free space is presented. The two-dimensional rectangular wave functions developed in this paper can be applied to related problems.  相似文献   

20.
In fluid-structure interaction systems, baffles as a dynamic damping device are being widely used to suppress the fluid sloshing motion. Meanwhile, natural and dynamic behaviors of such systems are significantly influenced by the baffle parameters, such as the baffle number, the installation location, the inner-hole diameter and the liquid fill height. This paper intends to numerically investigate the parametric eigen characteristics, by the coupled structural-acoustic finite element method (FEM), of baffled cylindrical liquid-storage tank. According to the symmetric two-field formulation, a test FEM program is developed, in which the reduced integration for avoiding the shear and membrane locking and the modified shear correction factor as well as degenerated 8- and 6-node shell elements and 3-D trilinear acoustic elements are used. Through the comparison with the available analytic solutions of no-baffled axisymmetric tank, the validity of the test program and theoretical work is verified. Next, with the verified test FEM program, various combinations of major baffle parameters are intensively examined, in order for the parametric baffle effects on the natural frequency of baffled tanks.  相似文献   

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