ZnS∶Cu-罗丹明B的荧光共振能量转移性质

为了解决现有的基于量子点荧光共振能量转移体系的生物毒性问题,选用无毒的ZnS∶Cu量子点与罗丹明B构建新型荧光共振能量转移体系。通过共沉淀法成功制备了形貌均一的ZnS∶Cu纳米晶量子点。在此基础上,测试了不同掺杂浓度的ZnS∶Cu量子点及罗丹明B的荧光光谱。然后,通过对ZnS∶Cu量子点的表面修饰构建了以ZnS∶Cu量子点为供体、罗丹明B为受体的荧光共振能量转移体系。实验结果表明:ZnS∶2%Cu量子点的发光光谱与罗丹明B的吸收光谱在481 nm处有较大重合,说明构建荧光共振能量转移的最佳铜掺杂摩尔分数为2%。通过计算发现以ZnS∶2%Cu量子点为供体、罗丹明B为受体的荧光共振能量转移体系的能量转移效率为25.8%。进一步实验结果表明,罗丹明B浓度也能够影响能量转移。     

CdTe量子点与罗丹明B水溶液体系下的双光子激发荧光共振能量转移

采用时间分辨荧光光谱技术研究了在双光子激发下不同尺寸的量子点与罗丹明B 之间的荧光共振能量转移. 研究结果表明, 在800 nm的双光子激发条件下, 体系间能量转移效率随着供体吸收光谱与受体荧光光谱的光谱重叠程度增加而增加; 理论分析表明, 供体和受体间的Förster半径增加是导致其双光子能量转移效率增大的物理原因. 同时, 研究了罗丹明B浓度对荧光共振能量转移效率的影响. 研究结果表明, 量子点的荧光寿命随着罗丹明B浓度的增加而减小; 量子点与罗丹明B之间的荧光共振能量转移效率随着罗丹明B浓度的增加而增加; 当罗丹明B浓度为3.0×10^-5 mol·L^-1时, 双光子荧光共振能量转移效率为40.1%.     

基于银掺杂钠钙玻璃的荧光染料自发辐射增强

本文通过离子交换和后续热处理的方法在钠钙玻璃中引入Ag纳米颗粒, 并将Ag掺杂的钠钙玻璃作为衬底增强了钠钙玻璃和荧光染料罗丹明6G(R6G)的荧光辐射。Ag纳米颗粒的表面等离激元散射增强了掺杂玻璃的荧光, 而R6G的增强荧光辐射则源于掺杂玻璃与荧光染料之间的辐射共振能量转移。     

CdTe量子点-罗丹明B荧光共振能量转移猝灭法测定金银花中的微量铜

研究CdTe量子点(供体)和罗丹明B(受体)之间荧光共振能量转移的最佳条件,建立了荧光共振能量转移猝灭法测定金银花中微量铜的新方法.采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,在pH 6.00的Tris-HCl缓冲液中,Cu2+能对能量转移体系中罗丹明B荧光峰强猝灭从而测定铜的含量.Cu2+浓度在1.3×10-4～3.1×10-2 μg...     

有机分子隔离层对机械抛光金属银表面的罗丹明6G荧光增强效应的影响

采用物理吸附法,在机械抛光纯银表面引入对巯基苯胺(p-Amiothiophenol,PATP)分子充当隔离层,运用激光光谱学方法研究隔离层对位于银表面附近的罗丹明6G(Rh6G)分子的荧光增强效应影响。实验结果表明,未经PATP分子修饰的机械抛光金属衬底对Rh6G分子表现为猝灭效应,而经过PATP分子修饰后的银表面对Rh6G分子的荧光发射具有增强效应。根据局域表面等离子共振及辐射能量转移模型对实验观测所得结果进行了分析研究,结果表明,PATP有机分子隔离层的引入有效地减小了荧光分子与金属衬底之间的无辐射能量速率,提高了荧光辐射强度。     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠胶束中吖啶橙与罗丹明6G间的能量转移机理研究

以吖啶橙(AO)与罗丹明6G(R6G)为例讨论了胶束介质中碱性荧光染料间相互作用的机理.在十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液中,吖啶橙与罗丹明6G染料分子间相互作用发生有效能量转移.在不同温度下,通过对能量转移体系研究,初步证明吖啶橙与罗丹明6G间发生能量转移引起吖啶橙的荧光猝灭为静态猝灭过程.通过热力学参数的计算,得出能量转移体系的结合力主要为静电引力.同时也对转移体系的能量转移效率,结合位点数和结合距离进行了计算.     

氧化石墨烯猝灭罗丹明6G荧光的机理研究（英文）

本文采用稳态与瞬态荧光测量技术,研究了一系列具有不同C/O比率的氧化石墨烯(GO)纳米片猝灭罗丹明6G(R6G)荧光的行为机制.发现GO纳米片上的羰基官能团在R6G的荧光猝灭过程中起主导作用,其静态猝灭机制可用"作用球"模型来描述,并且GO与R6G所形成的基态复合物也是导致R6G荧光静态猝灭的原因之一.本工作为R6G/GO体系的荧光猝灭机理提供了有益的解读.     

罗丹明6G的三维荧光和共振散射光谱

研究了罗丹明6G(R6G)的荧光光谱、共振散射光谱和吸收光谱,讨论了共振光散射与共振荧光的区别与联系.在罗丹明6G-水溶液的三维荧光等高线光谱中,瑞利散射线与荧光等高线有部分相交.共振散射峰(544nm)介于荧光激发峰(530nm)和发射峰(552nm)之间.由光偏振实验,测得R6G共振散射光谱544nm处的偏振度P为0.0105.上述实验结果证明,R6G的共振散射峰主要是共振荧光.共振光散射信号随pH值增大而增强的机理是R6G酸碱平衡移动导致荧光型体的形成.由于自吸收的影响,荧光强度、共振散射光强度与R6G浓度之间不是严格的线性关系.     

吖啶橙-罗丹明6G能量转移荧光猝灭法测定维生素B12

研究了吖啶橙(AO)与罗丹明6G(R6G)间发生能量转移的最佳条件,在pH5·0的Na2HPO4-柠檬酸缓冲溶液,十二烷基苯磺酸钠介质中,AO-R6G间发生有效能量转移,使R6G荧光大大增强。维生素B12(VB12)的加入使AO-R6G体系的荧光猝灭,以此建立了利用AO-R6G能量转移荧光猝灭法测定维生素B12的新方法。在优化的实验条件下,维生素B12工作曲线的线性范围为:0~3·0×10-5mol·L-1;检出限为:4·8×10-7mol·L-1;平行6次测定相对标准偏差为0·51%~0·64%;回收率为98·40%~103·62%。该方法的稳定性好,选择性高,用于维生素B12注射液中维生素B12含量的测定,结果满意。     

基于点击化学的铕配合物纳米颗粒对Cu(I)离子的检测

制备了Eu (Ⅲ)配合物纳米颗粒并对其进行表面修饰以用于Cu(I)离子的检测。所采用的探测机制是源于Cu(I)离子催化的末端炔基和叠氮基团之间的1,3极性环加成。通过该反应,在Eu³⁺配合物纳米颗粒(给体)和一种荧光染料分子(受体)之间建立了共振能量传递关系。因为点击反应的速度正比于Cu(I)离子的浓度,因此通过监测染料分子荧光强度的变化即可检测出Cu(I)离子的浓度。基于共振能量传递机制和点击反应的敏感性,浓度为微摩尔量级的Cu(I)离子可以被探测到。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

Real-time restoration of rotational blurred image using gradient-loading

The key to the restoration of rotational motion blurred image is how to restore the image under a low cost and to correct the irreversibility of the degradation function matrix.Based on the special qualities of degradation function matrix and precise deduction in space-domain, we present a new approach using gradient-loading for restoration of rotational blurred image.By easily adding a gradient operator, the irreversibility of the original matrix is corrected and can be applied for inverse filtering then.Gradientloading is the optimized approach which combines the advantages of both the approaches using constrained least square filtering and traditional diagonal-loading.Compared with the approach using least square filtering, its peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is improved from 3.18 to 6.46dB, while the computing time is reduced to 1/2-1/3.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness, noise-resistibility, robustness, and low complexity of this approach, which make it more suitable for real-time environment.     

All-Optical Logic Device Using Bent Nonlinear Tapered Y-Junction Waveguide Structure

We propose an all-optical logic device made of a bent tapered Y-junction waveguide with a Kerr-type nonlinear interface. It could provide an AND gate, OR gate, and exclusive-OR (XOR) gate. We could obtain different transmission results by adjusting the bending angle. The numerical simulation results show that the device functions as AND, OR, and XOR gates.     

Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz imaging by a pyroelectric camera

Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz (THz) imaging is demonstrated. A 1.89-THz optically-pumped farinfrared laser is used as the illumination source, and a 124 × 124 element room-temperature pyroelectric camera is adopted as the detector. With this setup, THz images through various wrapping materials are shown. The results show that this imaging system has the potential applications in real-time mail and security inspection.