掺杂PEDOT ∶PSS对聚合物太阳能电池性能影响的研究

研究了掺杂后poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulphonic acid)(PEDOT ∶PSS)电导率的变化以及掺杂PEDOT ∶PSS薄膜对聚合物太阳能电池器件性能的影响. 实验发现,向PEDOT ∶PSS中掺入极性溶剂二甲基亚砜(DMSO)明显提高了薄膜的电导率,掺杂后的电导率最大值达到1.25 S/cm,比未掺杂时提高了3个数量级. 将掺杂的PEDOT ∶PSS薄膜作为缓冲层应用于聚合物电池 (ITO/PEDOT ∶PSS/P3HT ∶PCBM/LiF/Al) 中,发现高电导率的PEDOT ∶PSS降低了器件的串联电阻,增加了器件的短路电流,从而提高了器件的性能. 最好的聚合物太阳能电池在100 mW/cm²的光照下,开路电压(V_oc)为0.63 V,短路电流密度(J_sc)为11.09 mA·cm^-2,填充因子(FF)为63.7%,能量转换效率(η)达到4.45%. 关键词： PEDOT ∶PSS 电导率 聚合物太阳能电池 能量转换效率     

ZnO纳米棒的拉曼和发光光谱研究(英文)

本文对采用湿化学方法合成的ZnO纳米棒样品的拉曼光谱和发光光谱进行了研究。由扫描电镜结果可知,合成的ZnO纳米棒具有很好的尺寸发布均匀性,直径在30 nm左右,长度大于1微米。采用显微拉曼光谱技术,得到了632.8 nm波长激发的拉曼光谱,并和体相样品的拉曼光谱进行了对比分析;由325 nm激光波长激发得到的荧光光谱可知样品具有很好的紫外发光性质。     

基于量子点和MEH-PPV的白光发光二极管的研究

利用无机纳米材料与有机聚合物材料相结合的方法制备白光发光二极管器件, 研究了蓝光量子点QDs(B)掺杂聚[2-甲氧基-5-(2-乙基己氧基-1, 4-苯撑乙烯撑](MEH-PPV) 复合体系的发光特性及量子点QDs(B) 掺杂浓度(质量分数)不同对器件发光特性的影响. 制备了ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MEH-PPV:QDs(B)/LiF/Al 结构的电致发光器件, 测试了器件的电致发光光谱和电学、光学特性. 当QDs掺杂浓度为40%, 驱动电压为8 V时器件能得到较为理想的白光发射. 同时, 对比研究了非掺杂体系的发光特性, 制备了结构为ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MEH-PPV/QDs(B)/LiF/Al的器件, 掺杂体系相较于非掺杂体系, 器件的最大亮度增大, 启亮电压降低, 并分析了掺杂体系器件性能改善的原因.     

掺杂不同一维纳米材料的空穴缓冲层对有机电致发光器件性能的影响

对一维纳米材料在空穴缓冲层PEDOT中的作用进行了研究. 光致发光表明在PEDOT中掺杂一维纳米材料(二氧化钛纳米管和氧化锌纳米棒)可以提高双层样品PEDOT/MEH-PPV的发光效率. 拉曼光谱的结果说明正是由于一维纳米材料与PEDOT之间存在的强相互作用, 才减少了PEDOT/MEH-PPV界面上猝灭发光的缺陷态的产生. 在以MEH-PPV作为发光层的聚合物电致发光器件中, 在PEDOT中掺杂二氧化钛纳米管和氧化锌纳米棒后, 器件的最大效率分别提高了2倍和2.5倍.     

优化反式平面钙钛矿太阳电池性能的简便方法——利用PEDOT:PSS与DMSO共混空穴传输层

优化界面接触、增强界面处载流子传输对于提高钙钛矿电池性能具有重要意义。本研究将适量二甲基亚砜（DMSO）添加到聚（3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩）-聚（苯乙烯磺酸盐）(PEDOT∶PSS)空穴传输层中,改善了空穴传输层的导电性和空穴传输特性,有效提高了反式平面钙钛矿太阳能电池光伏性能。短路电流(J_sc)从21.29 mA/cm²提高到22.15 mA/cm²,填充因子（FF）从76.35%提高到80.09%,转换效率（PCE）从16.02%提高到17.01%。薄膜与器件性能综合测试结果表明,DMSO的掺入使PEDOT∶PSS发生适度相分离,形成更好的PEDOT导电通道,增强了PEDOT∶PSS的导电特性。稳态光致发光光谱呈现出显著的荧光猝灭效应,也表明掺杂DMSO后PEDOT∶PSS的空穴提取能力得到提高,钙钛矿活性层与阳极之间的空穴传输更加顺畅,有助于实现高达80%以上的填充因子。本研究为改善反式平面钙钛矿太阳电池或有机太阳电池光伏性能提供了一种高效、简便的方法,具有很好的现实意义。     

TBPe与MEH-PPV共掺杂的有机电致发光器件的优化研究

采用有机小分子TBPe(2,5,8,11-tetratertbutylperylene)以不同比例掺入MEH-PPV(poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene])作为发光层,研究了TBPe不同掺杂比例对器件性能的影响,进而对发光强度进行优化。对于所制备的ITO/PEDOT∶PSS/MEH-PPV/TBPe/Al有机电致发光器件,TBPe的最优蒸镀厚度为0.5 nm,其发光强度相对于标准器件提高了325%。ITO/PEDOT∶PSS/MEH-PPV∶TBPe/TBPe/Liq/Al有机电致发光器件的最优掺杂比例为MEH-PPV∶TBPe=100∶30(质量比),其发光亮度相比于未掺杂器件提高了44%。在上述器件的基础上增加Alq3层提高电子注入,分别制作了Liq和LiF作为修饰层的ITO/PEDOT∶PSS/MEH-PPV∶TBPe/TBPe/Alq3/Liq/Al和ITO/PEDOT∶PSS/MEH-PPV∶TBPe/TBPe/Alq3/LiF/Al多层器件,发光亮度分别达到4 162 cd/m2和4 701 cd/m2。所有器件的电致发光波长均为580 nm,为MEH-PPV的发光,TBPe的掺杂对MEH-PPV的发光起到了增强作用。     

纳米晶Y_2O_3:Eu~(3+)的反常拉曼散射(英文)

作者用燃烧法制备了8nm-50nm的系列纳米晶Y2O3:Eu3+,利用XRD谱确定了纳米晶的晶体结构及晶粒大小。利用两套由不同波长的激光所激发的拉曼光谱,指认了纳米晶Y2O3:Eu3+的拉曼振动模,研究其拉曼光谱。与传统的拉曼光谱学相比较,光谱呈现出明显的反常,其一,是斯托克斯与相对应的反斯托克斯谱峰波数不相等;其二,随晶粒的减小,拉曼谱有明显的变化,包括谱峰的微移、半高宽的增加,以及谱峰强度比的强烈变化;其三,随着激发波长的变化,光谱也呈现出峰位移动的明显变化。这些反常的散射光谱的变化源于纳米结构的本征缺陷。     

基于液体基质材料的有机电致发光器件的制备及性能分析

利用液体基质材料9-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole(EHCz)掺杂有机染料分子5,6,11,12-tetraphenyl-nathacene(rubrene)制备了具有液体发光层的有机电致发光器件,其结构为:ITO/PEDOT:PSS/EH Cz:rubrene/Cs2CO3/ITO,PEDOT:PSS...     

噻菌灵农药的表面增强拉曼光谱分析

利用表面增强拉曼光谱技术(SERS)分析噻菌灵农药的拉曼特征峰。采用微波法制备银溶胶表面增强基底,利用激光显微共焦拉曼光谱仪分别采集514.5和785 nm激发波长下的噻菌灵农药拉曼光谱,解析不同激发波长下的拉曼特征峰并进行比较。结果表明：不同激发波长下噻菌灵的拉曼峰强度和拉曼频移差异较大,514.5 nm激发波长下的782和1 012 cm-1最强,是C—H变形振动较强特征峰,而785 nm激发波长下的1 284,1 450和1 592 cm-1最强,是环振动和CN伸缩振动较强特征峰。对比分析各个激发波长下噻菌灵的SERS谱图,找到了噻菌灵农药的5个较强特征拉曼峰：782,1 012,1 284,1 450和1 592 cm-1。这些特征峰可作为食品及农产品中噻菌灵农药残留定性定量判别的依据。     

TBPe与MEH-PPV共掺杂的有机电致发光器件的优化研究

采用有机小分子TBPe（2,5,8,11-tetratertbutylperylene）以不同比例掺入MEH-PPV（poly ）作为发光层,研究了TBPe不同掺杂比例对器件性能的影响,进而对发光强度进行优化。对于所制备的ITO/PEDOT：PSS/MEH-PPV/TBPe/Al有机电致发光器件,TBPe的最优蒸镀厚度为0.5 nm,其发光强度相对于标准器件提高了325%。ITO/PEDOT：PSS/MEH-PPV：TBPe/TBPe/Liq/Al有机电致发光器件的最优掺杂比例为MEH-PPV：TBPe=100：30（质量比）,其发光亮度相比于未掺杂器件提高了44%。在上述器件的基础上增加Alq₃层提高电子注入,分别制作了Liq和LiF作为修饰层的ITO/PEDOT：PSS/MEH-PPV：TBPe/TBPe/Alq₃/Liq/Al和ITO/PEDOT：PSS/MEH-PPV：TBPe/TBPe/Alq₃/LiF/Al多层器件,发光亮度分别达到4 162 cd/m²和4 701 cd/m²。所有器件的电致发光波长均为580 nm,为MEH-PPV的发光,TBPe的掺杂对MEH-PPV的发光起到了增强作用。     

Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on the electrical properties of PEDOT:PSS/n-Si heterojunction diodes

Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the electrical properties of PEDOT:PSS/n-Si heterojunction diodes has been studied. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) was deposited on n-type Si wafer using facile process of spin coating. The DMSO content was varied from 0 to 8 vol%. Electrical characterization of these heterojunction diodes as performed using both current–voltage (I–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements. All diodes showed rectifying behavior. AFM measurement revealed that the surface became more rough after the DMSO treatment of PEDOT:PSS films. The RMS values were found in the range of 4–6 nm. The resistivity of the PEDOT:PSS films decreased with increase in temperature. The addition of DMSO into PEDOT:PSS solution results in a decrease in resistivity of films by approximately two orders of magnitude. PEDOT:PSS films showed high transmission more than 85% in the entire visible region. Raman spectroscopy indicated effect of the DMSO treatment on the chemical structure of PEDOT chains, suggesting a conformational change of PEDOT chain in the film. An optimal value of DMSO was obtained with 5 vol% content, and it showed the best PEDOT:PSS films properties and good quality heterojunction diodes characteristics with ideality factor of 2.4 and barrier height 0.80 eV.     

电化学合成聚噻吩薄膜提高光伏电池的开路电压

以铟锡氧化物(ITO)/聚(3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩)-聚(苯乙烯磺酸)(PEDOT:PSS)为工作电极,采用电化学沉积法,直接在其上形成聚3-己基噻吩(P3HT)薄膜。其紫外可见吸收光谱的峰值约位于410nm处,吸收边延至610nm处,禁带宽度为2.04eV。测得其最高占有分子轨道(HOMO)能级为-5.21eV,而化学合成P3HT的HOMO能级为-5.02eV,这可能源于电化学合成聚噻吩的规整度比化学合成的要高。原子力显微镜AFM形貌结果表明电化学合成的P3HT中噻吩分子排列紧密,循环伏安扫描表明此P3HT薄膜的电化学性质稳定。采用该电化学合成的聚噻吩与富勒烯衍生物[6,6]-苯基-C61-丁酸甲酯(PCBM)复合而成的光伏电池的开路电压高达0.76V,这主要源于电化学合成聚噻吩HOMO能级的降低,因而揭示了提高光伏电池开路电压的新途径。     

Highly efficient solar-heat shield based on the bipolaron-assisted PEDOT:PSS thin film

We report on an efficient solar-heat shield based on the highly transparent PEDOT:PSS thin film, which significantly reduces the temperature from 38.2 ̊C to 33.5 ̊C. To understand the superior solar-heat shielding ability, the modified PEDOT:PSS thin films were investigated by using the transmittance spectra, Raman scattering spectra, atomic-force microscopic (AFM) images and broadband refractive index spectra. The experimental results show that the molecular structure of the PEDOT chains can be manipulated by varying the Brownian motion of PEDOT polymers in the PEDOT:PSS solutions and the spin rate. The lower Brownian motion of PEDOT polymers and the higher spin rate both can change the molecular structure of the PEDOT chains from bended structures (de-doping states) to linear structures (doping states), which simultaneously increase the near-infrared absorption strength and the visible transparency due to the formation of bipolarons.     

9,9-二辛基聚芴-苯并噻二唑交替共聚物的绿光偏振电致发光

通过缩聚法合成了绿光9,9-二辛基聚芴-苯并噻二唑交替共聚物（PFBT）.该聚合物在一定温度范围内形成向列液晶态,利用其在定向层上的有序排列,实现了峰值发光波长为550 nm的偏振电致发光.采用摩擦后的空穴注入层聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）∶聚（苯乙烯磺酸）（PEDOT:PSS）作为定向层,通过偏振紫外可见吸收光谱和偏振光致发光谱,研究了聚合物分子在薄膜平面内的单轴取向特性,计算得到薄膜的有序参数为075.制备了结构为ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PFBT/LiF/Al的聚合物电致发光器件,工作电压为15 V时,电致发光偏振率达到4,亮度和流明效率分别为450 cd/m²和021 cd/A. 关键词： 偏振发光 交替共聚物 聚合物电致发光器件     

Enhanced functionalities of DNA thin films by facile conjugation with conducting polymers

In this study, we discuss a method to embed PEDOT:PSS into DNA with a designated concentration of PEDOT:PSS and construction of PEDOT:PSS-embedded DNA thin films. In order to shed light on the interaction between PEDOT:PSS and DNA, optical spectroscopy measurements were performed. DNA-PEDOT:PSS thin films showed a broad absorption band around 800 nm which was associated with PEDOT:PSS. The electrical properties of DNA-PEDOT:PSS thin films were assessed. A significant enhancement in current for DNA-PEDOT:PSS thin films DNA was observed which agreed with the decrement in band gap of DNA-PEDOT:PSS thin films. For the energy storage capability and dielectric constant of DNA-PEDOT:PSS thin films, capacitance measurements were conducted. Frequency-dependent capacitance indicated enhancement in the capacitance and dielectric constant by electric polarization of PEDOT:PSS in a DNA thin film. Our approach may assist in development of various biosensors and electronic devices with specific functionalities based on biomaterials and conducting polymer complexes.     

Modulating the Electrochromic Performances of Transmissive and Reflective Devices Using N,N-Dimethyl Formamide Modified Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)/Poly(Styrene Sulfonate) Blend as Active Layers

As one of the important factors which affect the properties and applications of conducting polymers, the electrical conductivity of a poly(3,4-ethylenedoxy-thiophene)/ poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) blend was adjusted by using various amount of an organic solvent (N,N-dimethyl formamide, DMF) as an additive. The conductivities of PEDOT: PSS thin films can be increased dramatically, from 1.0 S to 32.1 S cm^?1, with a 2/1 volume ratio of PEDOT: PSS/DMF loading after totally removing the organic solvent by annealing the film at 80° for 48 h in a vacuum oven. The optical contrasts of transmissive and reflective devices assembled using DMF-modified PEDOT: PSS as active layers exhibited a close relationship with the conductivity of PEDOT: PSS. Interestingly, high conductivity of PEDOT: PSS enhanced the contrast of a transmissive device, while high conductivity of PEDOT: PSS decreased the contrasts of a reflective device. The underlying reason is related to the different electrochromic mechanisms of these two types of device configurations.     

Effect of dye dopants in poly(methylphenyl silane) light-emitting devices

To investigate the inter-molecular energy transfer between polysilane and dye dopants, poly(methylphenylsilane)(PMPS) was used as a host material and perylene as the blue dopant. The structure of the devices is indium–tin oxide (ITO)/PEDOT:PSS(30 nm)/PMPS:perylene(dye dopant 0.1–1.0 mol%)(60 nm)/Alq₃(20 nm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al(100 nm). Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) is used as a buffer layer, tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq₃) as hole transporting layer, LiF as hole injection layer. The device shows a luminance 810 cd/m² at current density of 28 mA/cm², luminous efficiency of 0.14 lm/W. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) is about 0.5% and EQE increased up to 0.52% by doping with single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) into the emissive layer. We found an efficient inter-molecular energy transfer from polysilane to dye dopants. Furthermore, using the polysilane and energy-matched dye dopants enable to fabricate the electroluminescence devices through wet processes.     

Optical and electrophysical properties of nanocomposites based on PEDOT: PSS and gold/silver nanoparticles

The absorption spectra in the visible region and current-voltage characteristics in a wide range of electric fields have been investigated at the macroscopic level (planar structures) and at the microscopic level (using a conductive atomic force microscope) in films based on the electroactive polymer PEDOT: PSS and gold/silver nanoparticles (PEDOT: PSS + Au/AgNP). It has been shown that the behavior of the current-voltage characteristics of the nanocomposite films depends significantly on the electric field strength. It has been found that the introduction of gold nanoparticles into PEDOT: PSS in weak electric fields leads to an increase in the bulk conductance by almost two orders of magnitude (due to donor-acceptor interactions), a 50% decrease in the conduction activation energy, and an increase in the sensitivity to adsorbed oxygen. It has been demonstrated that electrical conduction of PEDOT: PSS + AuNP films is provided by hopping charge transfer both in the system of intrinsic localized states and in the system of impurity states of adsorbed oxygen. In strong electric fields, the current-voltage characteristics exhibit a different behavior in the forward and reverse scanning modes.     

基于改性空穴注入层与复合发光层的高效钙钛矿发光二极管

有机金属卤化钙钛矿作为发射体具有极高的色纯度和极低的成本,但钙钛矿层普遍较差的形貌制约了器件的性能.引入合适的聚合物可有效改善旋涂型钙钛矿薄膜的均匀性.本文引入聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸盐)(PSS)改性的聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩):PSS(PEDOT:PSS)作为空穴注入层(HIL),结合一步旋涂制备的三溴化铅甲基胺(MAPbBr3)和聚(环氧乙烷)(PEO)复合膜作为发光层,制备了高效绿光钙钛矿发光二极管.其中,PSS增加了PEDOT:PSS功函数,降低了其与钙钛矿发光层间的注入势垒;而掺杂PEO的钙钛矿膜致密且均匀,覆盖率可以达到100%.基于改性的空穴注入层和复合发光层,我们最终获得了最大亮度为2476 cd·m^–2、最大电流效率为7.6 cd·A^–1的高效钙钛矿发光二极管.     

In-situ characterization of electrochromism based on ITO/PEDOT:PSS towards preparation of high performance device

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS) is usually sandwiched between indium tin oxide(ITO) and a functional polymer in order to improve the performance of the device. However, because of the strong acidic nature of PEDOT:PSS, the instability of the ITO/PEDOT:PSS interface is also observed. The mechanism of degradation of the device remains is unclear and needs to be further studied. In this article, we investigate the in-situ electrochromism of PEDOT:PSS to disclose the cause of the degradation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) was used to characterize the PEDOT:PSS films, as well as the PEDOT:PSS plus polyethylene glycol(PEG) films with and without indium ions. The electrochromic devices(ECD) based on PEDOT:PSS and PEG with and without indium ions are carried out by in-situ micro-Raman and laser reflective measurement(LRM). For comparison, ECD based on PEDOT:PSS and PEG films with LiCl, KCl, NaCl or InCl_3 are also investigated by LRM. The results show that PEDOT:PSS is further reduced when negatively biased, and oxidized when positively biased. This could identify that PEDOT:PSS with indium ions from PEDOT:PSS etching ITO will lose dopants when negatively biased. The LRM shows that the device with indium ions has a stronger effect on the reduction property of PEDOT:PSS-PEG film than the device without indium ions. The contrast of the former device is 44%, that of the latter device is about 3%. The LRM also shows that the contrasts of the device based on PEDOT:PSS+PEG with LiCl, KCl, NaCl, InCl_3 are 30%, 27%, 15%, and 18%, respectively.