生物系统超微弱光子辐射的光谱分布特性及生物光子场的相干性

设计了一种能够在不同的光谱波段范围内测试超微弱光子辐射(UPE)的实验装置,并成功地进行了生物样品在不同波段内的UPE测试.测试结果表明:从紫外、可见光到红外的宽波段范围内均存在着UPE;从而进一步获得重要结论:UPE几乎与波长无关.这一结论对于证明生物光子场的相干性具有重要意义.     

传输可见光的空芯光子带隙光纤的研究

利用全矢量平面波展开法(FVPWM)对采用改进的两次堆积法制备的空芯光子带隙光纤进行了数值模拟.在特定传播常数β下,光纤在500—1000 nm的波段内出现多条宽窄不同的有效光子带隙.依据有效折射率的不同,部分带隙中的空气-导模将以不同的形式存在.经过实验测试,发现测得的带隙位置相对于模拟结果向短波段发生了较明显的移动,主要原因被认为是光纤结构的纵向不均匀性和包层节点处间隙孔的存在. 关键词： 空芯光子带隙光纤 全矢量平面波展开法 有效光子带隙 空气-导模     

生物光子的相干性

所有活的生物都有自发的微弱发光，它与生命运动的许多基本过程和生物的许多重要功能有着内在联系，以ｐｏｐｐ为首的生物物理学家认为这种发光全部或部分来自生物体内存在的高度相干的电磁场，并把这样来源的光子叫做“生物光子”。文章介绍了支持生物光子相干性的主要实验事实，即生物体内远离热平衡态的激发态能级分布、生物群体发光的非线性效应和“延迟发光”的双曲线衰减动力学，还介绍了实验验证生物光子相干性的光子计数统计。     

第九讲 生物光子的相干性

所有活的生物都有自发的微弱发光，它与生命运动的许多基本过程和生物的许多重要功能有着内在联系，以ｐｏｐｐ为首的生物理学家认为，这种发光全部或部分来自生物体内存在的高度相干的电磁场，并把这样来源的光子叫做“生物光子”。文章介绍了支持生物光子相干性的主要实验事实，即生物体内远离热平衡态的激发态能级分布、生物群体发光的非线性效应和“延迟发光”的双曲线衰减动力学，还介绍了实验证生物光子相干性的光子计数统计。     

基于光子晶体异质结的高效太阳能电池反射器研究

设计了一种可用于太阳能电池反射器的二维三角晶格光子晶体异质结结构.采用传输矩阵法对该结构在可见至近红外波长范围入射电磁波的反射率进行了模拟计算,并比较了不同入射方向下反射率的变化.结果表明,光线垂直入射时,该结构光子晶体对近红外波段入射光可实现完全反射;随着偏转角度的增大,在整个可见-近红外波段均显示出极高的反射特性.该结构有望用于制作覆盖整个可见光-近红外波段的高效全方位反射器.     

生物光子的孤子特征及弱激光与生物分子相互作用分析

存在于活的生物系统的超弱自发光子辐射,是生物分子从高能态向低能态的跃迁所发射的光子.根据Frhlich理论,活的生物系统是一个高度有序、高度相干性的开放系统,其运动状态具有内部协同作用的集体效应,并可看作许多同类振子的集合,当振子因某种原因处于激发态后,其必然会跃迁同基态,从而发射出光子.可导出此过程遵守Sine-Gordon方程,是典型的孤子方程,说明牛物光子在活的牛物系统中的传播具有孤子特征,使生物光子能成为生物系统信息的良好携带者,町以通过对牛物光子的测量析获得牛物系统内的信息.由于弱激光的作用,可将生物振子激发到激发态,处于激发态的分子,将跃迁到低能态,并发出光子,此过程有弛豫效应,并导出相关公式.     

基于高双折射光子晶体光纤与光纤环的超宽带可调谐微波光子滤波器

提出一种基于高双折射光子晶体光纤与光纤环的超宽带可调谐微波光子滤波器.以多波长光纤激光器作为光源,向高双折射光子晶体光纤内填充温敏液体,通过改变填充温敏液体的温度,高双折射光子晶体光纤可具有不同的双折射,得到不同波长间隔的激光,从而使微波光子滤波器具有不同的自由频谱范围.当温度的变化范围为20~80℃时,仿真测得微波光子滤波器自由频谱的变化范围为2.49~39.9GHz.引入光纤环构建级联型微波光子滤波器,滤波器的主旁瓣抑制比可提高到33.6dB,Q值可达到499,提高了滤波器的频率选择性.     

基于光子晶体光纤关联光子对频谱特性的研究

为了研究光子品体光纤在800 nm波段关联光子对的频谱特性.基于自发四波混频得到了脉冲抽运光产生的光子对的相位匹配函数和频谱甬数.数值计算、证明闲频光中心波长取796 nm时的频谱对称性最好;在假设闲频光频率为单一频率的前提下,利用简化频谱函数的表达式,通过改变光子晶体光纤零色散点色散斜率和非线性系数,以及抽运光的入射中心波长,进一步讨论了抽运光和光子晶体光纤参数变化对信号光和闲频光频谱函数的影响及变化规律.提出了有利于产生高纯度纠缠光子对的光纤参数和抽运光参数,结果对于在800 nm波段发展光子晶体光纤纠缠光子源的实验具有指导和参考意义.     

光子计数分布与生物光子辐射特性

本文应用光子计数分布的理论及生物系统超微弱光子辐射的测试数据对生物光子场的辐射特性进行研究,提出生物光子场基本上属于高斯场的观点,并认为它至少是由两个独立部分的光子辐射叠加的结果;其一是纯相干态的相干辐射;另一则为热平衡浑沌态的热光源辐射。文中最后讨论了生物光子辐射的产生机制。     

聚焦离子束研制半导体材料光子晶体

介绍了利用聚焦离子束设备在多种半导体材料上成功研制的近红外波段二维光子晶体，给出了相关微加工结果，发现微加工的尺寸和理论设计尺寸相吻合；测试了所加工的无源光子晶体光子带隙和有源光子晶体的发光谱. 实验证明聚焦离子束可以研制二维光子晶体及相关光子晶体器件. 关键词： 聚焦离子束 半导体材料 光子晶体     

萌发花生种子超弱发光的研究

花生种子萌发过程中超弱发光强度变化呈双峰曲线,分别对应于种子萌发早期事件的吸涨和呼吸激增;自然老化的花生种子,超弱发光明显降低,种子活力指数与超弱发光强度呈显著正相关(r²=0.824);萌发48h的花生种子经0℃低温处理20min,超弱发光强度急剧下降.以上结果表明,植物超弱发光可作为一个敏感的生物物理指标表征种子活力及逆境对植物的伤害.     

The unitary pole expansion of the off-shell t-matrix elements for local potentials with hard cores

A convenient separable expansion of the t-matrix, similar to the one developed recently by Harms for local potentials with soft cores, has been obtained in the case of a hard-core potential as well. The unitary pole expansion (UPE), as it is called, is found to be strongly convergent. The UPE values of the off-shell t-matrix elements for a hard-core potential with an exponential shape agree fairly well with those obtained by Laughlin and Scott from the direct solution of the inhomogeneous Lippman-Schwinger equation.     

Calculations on the three-nucleon system using a separable expansion of local potentials

A separable expansion for local potentials called the unitary pole expansion (UPE) has been applied to the singlet-S soft-core Reid potential. The separable potentials obtained are used in conjunction with a separable tensor potential to calculate the triton binding energy, the nd doublet scattering length and the nd phase shifts in the state above and below break up. The convergence of the UPE is good especially for repulsive terms. The one term approximation (UPA) gives a triton energy differing by 0.04 MeV and a doublet scattering length differing by 0.14 fm from the values found for the local potential. The calculated phase shifts are in good agreement with the phase-shift analysis of Van Oers and Seagrave.     

The location of excess electrons on H2O/TiO2(110) surface and its role in the surface reactions

Excess electrons play a key role in many of the properties of Titanium dioxide (TiO₂). Understanding their behaviour is important for improving the performance of TiO₂ in energy-related applications. Here, we describe a DFT + U study of the locations of the unpaired electron (UPE) on rutile TiO₂(110) (R-TiO₂(110)) surface and H₂O/R-TiO₂(110) surface. Our results show that the subsurface are preferred with R-TiO₂(110) surface. In contrast to previous studies, we find that the UPE tends to migrate to the surface H₂O-Ti_5c (the five-coordinated titanium (Ti_5c) at surface with H₂O adsorption) with the increasing of H₂O coverage and UPE concentration. In addition, we have shown that the UPE plays an important role in the O-H bond dissociation and other important elementary reactions in photo-catalytic H₂O dissociation on R-TiO₂(110) such as H, OH and H₂ desorption. Specifically, it enhances the O-H bond dissociation, as well as H and H₂ desorption from bridging hydroxyl and Ti_5c-OH (the Ti_5c with OH adsorption), but hinders the OH and H desorption from Ti_5c. We believe our results afford a further understanding of the adsorbent dependent UPE migration, and the role of UPE in the surface reactions.     

基于生物光子的小麦新陈度快速无损检测

小麦籽粒作为一种活的生命体,在正常储藏过程中,会不断消耗自身的营养物质来维持其生命活动。随着储藏时间的推移,小麦籽粒内部各种酶的活性减弱或丧失,自身呼吸强度逐步降低,原生质胶体结构松弛,籽粒的物理和化学状态发生改变,进而导致其后续食用和加工品质变劣。因此,对小麦新陈度的准确判定,是保证储藏小麦数量和质量的前提,对指导我国粮食储存具有重要的经济和社会意义。目前常用的小麦新陈度鉴定方法主要包括感官判定法和各种生化类方法;前者主要依赖操作者个人的主观经验,容易受到外界因素的干扰,可重复性较差,判定结果因人而异,只适合作小麦新陈度鉴定的辅助方法。后者虽然判定精度较高,但整个检测过程耗时过长,一般需要对待测样品进行复杂预处理,且检测过程中用到的多种化学试剂会对环境造成一定的污染。因此,迫切需要研究出一套快速、准确、绿色的小麦新陈度鉴定方法。利用生物光子仪器分别测试了5种不同储藏年份小麦样品的生物光子信号,并结合改进多尺度排列熵算法对2015年-2018年四种小麦样品的光子信号进行特征分析,最后借助反向传播神经网络对这4种不同储藏年份的小麦进行分类验证。实验结果表明,不同储藏年份小麦的自发光子量存在一定的差异,其中2019年小麦样品产生的光子数量明显高于其他年份的小麦样品,其余年份小麦样品光子数量的排列熵值随着储藏年限的增加而增大。对比实验结果显示,改进多尺度排列熵算法在很大程度上解决了由多尺度排列熵算法引起的信号抖动和突变问题,可以作为一种明显的特征来标识小麦的新陈度。最后借助BP神经网络进行分类测试,输出结果证明新构建的分类模型的准确度可以达到95%,能够实现对不同年份小麦新陈度的准确鉴别。     

Rapid and quantitative determination of 10 major active components in Lonicera japonica Thunb. by ultrahigh pressure extraction-HPLC/DAD

An ultrahigh pressure extraction (UPE)-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/diode array detector (DAD) method was established to evaluate the quality of Lonicera japonica Thunb. Ten active components, including neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, 4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C, and quercetin, were qualitatively evaluated and quantitatively determined. Scanning electron microscope images elucidated the bud surface microstructure and extraction mechanism. The optimal extraction conditions of the UPE were 60% methanol solution, 400?MPa of extraction pressure, 3?min of extraction time, and 1:30 (g/mL) solid:liquid ratio. Under the optimized conditions, the total extraction yield of 10 active components was 57.62?mg/g. All the components showed good linearity (r² ≥ 0.9994) and recoveries. This method was successfully applied to quantify 10 components in 22 batches of L. japonica samples from different areas. Compared with heat reflux extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, UPE can be considered as an alternative extraction technique for fast extraction of active ingredient from L. japonica.     

Effect of Fiber Surface Modification on the Interfacial and Mechanical Properties of Kenaf Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Polymer Composites

The surfaces of kenaf fibers were treated with three different silane coupling agents. 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxy silane (GPS), 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APS), and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy silane (MPS). Among them, the most effective one for the property improvement was GPS when it was applied to the kenaf fiber surfaces at 0.5 wt%. Thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) and thermosetting unsaturated polyester (UPE) matrix composites with chopped kenaf fibers untreated and treated at different GPS concentrations from 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% were fabricated using compression molding technique. The present study demonstrates that the interfacial, flexural, tensile, and dynamic mechanical properties of both kenaf/PP and kenaf/UPE composites importantly depend on the GPS treatments done at different concentrations. The greatest property improvement of both thermoplastic and thermosetting polymer composites was obtained with the silane treatment at 0.5 wt% and the mechanical properties were comparable with E-glass composites prepared the same polymer matrix under the corresponding fiber length and fiber loading. The results also agreed with each other with regard to their interfacial shear strength, flexural properties, tensile properties, storage modulus, with support of fracture surfaces of the composites.     

H_2O_2诱导的植物叶片光子辐射的变化及意义

为了研究植物叶片光子辐射与氧化胁迫的关系,将鹅掌木叶片用不同浓度的H_2O_2进行了处理,从而形成氧化胁迫.实验结果表明,随着H_2O_2处理时间的延长,浓度为7.5%、15%和30% 的H_2O_2处理均使鹅掌木叶片光子辐射中的自发发光较未受处理的对照有明显增长,各处理组叶片的延迟发光动力学曲线均呈现双曲性弛豫.通过建立延迟发光非线性动力学方程和数学模拟,得到了延迟发光的特征参量初始光子数I_0、相干时间τ和衰减参量β,发现随着H_2O_2处理时间的延长,各处理组叶片的I_0都呈现先下降,后回升,再下降的波动趋势;而浓度为7.5%和15%的两个处理组的叶片τ值和β值呈现波动变化,浓度为30%的处理组的叶片τ和β呈现单调下降的趋势.推测H_2O_2胁迫下叶片光子辐射中自发发光的变化反映了叶片活性氧含量的变化;叶片延迟发光中I_0的变化反映了细胞总体代谢的变化,延迟发光中的τ值和β值的变化反映了叶片细胞对H_2O_2胁迫的适应和损伤过程.