涂覆聚甲基丙酸甲酯的磁性膜外磁场作用下的往复滑动摩擦行为研究

磁性材料被广泛应用于磁记录和磁润滑等领域,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯因其良好的介电性,能够用作磁性材料的表面涂层.本文对外磁场作用下,外加载荷和磁场强度对往复滑动的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/磁性薄膜双膜系摩擦性能的影响开展了研究.实验结果表明:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/磁性双膜体系的摩擦性能随载荷和磁场强度改变而变化;但在干摩擦和硅油润滑两种模式下,磁场对其摩擦学性能的影响规律不同.理论分析了磁场作用下磁场诱发的磁性力与摩擦副物理性质变化对摩擦力和摩擦系数的影响,与实验结果符合良好.研究结果为磁性薄膜的界面介质设计与控制提供了依据.     

Suppression of the radiation limit through autoresonant acceleration of charged particles by an electrostatic field

We consider the autoresonant motion of a charged particle in the field of a transverse electromagnetic wave propagating with the speed of light along a stationary homogeneous magnetic field with allowance for radiative friction. It is shown that the loss of wave-particle synchronism due to radiative friction can be suppressed by an external electrostatic field that is parallel to the magnetic field.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 458–463, April, 1996.     

Effect of an electric field on friction of silicone rubber against steel in the motor base oil's environment

The paper presents the experimental results of research on the effect of an external DC electric field on the coefficient of friction of silicone rubber (elastomer) during its rubbing against a steel surface in the „pin–on–disc” experimental set-up. In the tests there were used silicone rubber samples, the pure PAG and PAO synthetic base oils and their blends with an antiwear (ZDDP) additive. The coefficient of friction μ was determined under conditions with and without an external DC electric field. A DC electric field was generated between a silicone rubber sample and a rotating steel disc (a friction pair). A sample holder was electrically isolated from other metal parts of a tribometer and was connected to one of the poles of a DC power supply, while the other pole was connected by means of the carbon brushes to a rotating steel disc. The experimental results show that the external DC electric field established between the rotating steel disc and a silicone rubber sample causes the coefficient of friction to decrease. It was also found that the coefficient of friction μ depends on the steel disc's angular velocity n, the contact pressure p, and the type of base oil and its blends with the additive used.     

槽道湍流展向振荡电磁力控制的实验研究

对槽道湍流的展向振荡电磁力控制进行了实验研究,讨论了展向振荡电磁力对宏观流场、近壁湍流结构以及壁面阻力的影响.采用谱方法进行了数值模拟的对比.数值模拟和实验结果均表明展向振荡电磁力能够使近壁区域的宏观流场产生周期性振荡,并影响壁湍流的条带结构,使其在展向上发生倾斜,从而使壁面阻力减小.     

用压电晶片法研究铁在稳定磁场中作横振动时的声频内耗

用罗谢耳盐(NaKC₄H₄O₆·4H₂O)压电晶片测量铁在稳定磁场中作横振动时的内耗,所用的振动频率是1633周/秒。当磁场强度小於40—50奥时,内耗随着磁场强度而变化的曲线几乎是平的,其后则变化较快,在超过约150奥时,内耗的变化又渐越平缓,最后达到一个差不多恒定的最大值。这个内耗最大值在饱和磁场强度下并不降低,这种现象是以前所没有观察到的。根据初步的分析,认为所观察到的内耗舆铁磁性物质在磁场中作横振动时磁畴的磁化向量的转动有密切关系。铁中的磁畴的磁化向量由於试样的弯曲而随着转向,但是外加磁场的作用却要使它们转囘到舆磁场方向一致。通过磁致伸缩的作用,磁畴的转动引起试样的附加应变。这种磁性现象舆弹性现象之间的耦合过程需要一定的时间,因而造成一种应变落后於应力的情况,在周期性应力的作用下便引起内耗。     

Tribological and electret-thermal analysis of medicinal preparations for local treatment of joint diseases

Main medicinal preparations (MPs) administered by injections into a joint cavity are studied by means of electret-thermal analysis and tribometry. In the latter case, the MPs are used as lubricants in a friction pair (a model of an artificial joint) exposed to an electromagnetic field simulating the biological field. Changes in the thermally stimulated current spectra from the MPs exposed to the electromagnetic field and those in the friction coefficient of the pair provide a deeper insight into the physicochemical mechanisms of MP action. Comprehensive tests of MPs involving electret-thermal and tribological analyses may be of great practical significance for optimizing local treatment of diseased joints.     

内耗与力学谱基本原理及其应用

文章对内耗与力学谱的基本原理作了简明介绍,并结合几个具体研究实例评述了内耗技术在凝聚态物理和材料科学研究方面的可能应用,最后指出了该领域今后的主要研究课题是发展新的内耗测量方法和技术以及发现新的内耗谱和建立新的内耗理论．     

Effect of the electric current on the Casimir force between graphene sheets

The dependence of the thermal component of the Casimir force and Casimir friction between graphene sheets on the drift velocity of charge carriers in one of the sheets has been analyzed. It has been shown that the drift motion results in the measurable change in the thermal Casimir force owing to the Doppler effect. The thermal Casimir force, as well as Casimir friction, increases strongly in the case of resonant photon tunneling, when the energy of an emitted photon coincides with the excitation energy of an electron-hole pair. In the case of resonant photon tunneling, the dominant contribution to the Casimir friction even at temperatures above room temperature comes from quantum friction caused by quantum fluctuations. Quantum friction can be detected in an experiment on the friction drag between graphene sheets in a high electric field.     

Effect of magnetic field on dislocation-induced unelasticity and plasticity of LiF crystals with various impurities

The effect of a magnetic field of 0.04–0.8 T on the amplitude dependence of the internal friction in LiF crystals with various impurities is studied using a two-component resonant-oscillator method at a frequency of 80 kHz. The state of the samples was controlled in situ from the current-voltage characteristics of a compound oscillator. It is found that the state of the dislocations-pinning-centers system changes in the presence of a magnetic field; this leads to an increase in the internal friction and plasticity of the samples. The effect of the magnetic field is sensitive to the impurity composition in the crystal.     

Friction behavior of monolayer molybdenum diselenide nanosheet under normal electric field

The friction behavior of monolayer molybdenum diselenide (MoSe₂) under normal electric field was studied by the atomic force microscope. The friction coefficients of MoSe₂ are increasing with bias voltage applied on the Si substrate. The results show that the adhesion and electrostatic forces increase with bias and approximately follow a parabolic law. The friction force and surface potential are of the same tendency with bias application time, and the contribution of charges accumulation to friction is considerable. The mechanisms of the friction behavior under external normal electric field were explained with electrostatic force and adsorption. This study reveals a possibility of electronically controlling friction in two-dimensional MoSe₂ system, with potential applications in solid lubricant and moving parts for MEMS devices.