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1.
渗透剂对小鼠皮肤光学特性影响的实时动态监测   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
岑建   《光学学报》2004,24(7):73-876
自行研制了一套双积分球系统,应用该系统对离体小鼠皮肤在渗透剂无水甘油作用下,光学特性参量的变化进行了实时监测。实验结果表明:在无水甘油作用下,随着时间的延长,小鼠皮肤的约化散射系数明显减小,吸收系数略有增加,并最终导致了有效衰减系数的减小;但当作用时间超过25min后,样品的光学特性参量会趋于恒定。为生物组织光学特性控制作用提供了新的方法,这对组织光学成像研究是非常重要的。  相似文献   

2.
温度对生物组织模拟液光学特性影响的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
常敏  彭丹  徐可欣 《光学学报》2007,27(6):080-1083
采用牛奶作为生物组织的模拟液,研究温度变化对生物组织光学特性的影响。应用双积分球技术对牛奶在光波波长为1100~1700 nm、温度25~40℃范围内的光学参量进行了测量,分析光学参量随温度的变化规律。结果表明,温度对散射作用的影响比吸收作用更大,随温度的升高,约化散射系数具有明显减小的趋势。与25℃相比,40℃下的约化散射系数下降了约10%;而吸收率的变化趋势不明显且规律复杂。以上研究结果与公开发表的人体离体皮肤组织光学参量随温度变化的研究结果基本一致,从而为深入研究温度对生物组织光学测量的影响提供了理论和实践上的指导。  相似文献   

3.
王大珩院士是我国杰出的科学家和我国光学界公认的学术奠基人、开拓者和组织领导者.他自20世纪30年代投身光学研究以来。孜孜不倦地奋斗了近70年,为开拓我国光学研究及光学仪器制造作出了突出贡献,特别是为我国国防光学工程事业作出了重大贡献.他在激光技术、遥感技术、计量科学、色度标准等方面都作出了重要贡献.王大珩先生也是我国著名教育家,是一位高瞻远瞩的战略科学家,他是我国“863”高技术计划的主要倡导者,在我国科技决策中发挥了积极作用和影响.在王大珩先生90寿辰  相似文献   

4.
生物组织体在超短激光脉冲激励下的表面光学响应特性,如光子平均飞行路径、光通量、相移和调制深度等,在光学时域及频域无损测量、组织体光谱学和光学三维成象研究中具有重要的意义,而生物组织体对近红外和可见光呈现的高散射特性使得激励光子在组织体内的传输行为复杂化,精确地测定和计算上述光学响应量一直是人们感兴趣的问题.本文基于描述组织体内光子传输的扩散方程模型,阐述了时域、频域测量的等效性,从无限空间几何结构出发,逐次导出了常见几何形状均匀组织体光学响应的解析表示,在此基础上给出了典型参数下的计算结果并讨论了计算中可能出现的问题及其解决方法.  相似文献   

5.
组织光学参数测量是生物医学光子学的主要研究内容之一,人体组织光学性质与其生理病理状态密切相关。近年来,利用组织光学特性,特别是吸收与散射特性进行组织成像诊断及无创成分检测成为生物医学光子学领域研究热点,为肿瘤早期诊断、代谢动态监护及光动力治疗等临床应用提供了基础。双积分球方法能够同时测量离体组织吸收系数、散射系数等,具有测量准确、快速,适用范围大等优点,作为光学参数测量的标准方法得到广泛研究与应用。利用双积分球及超连续激光器搭建了宽光谱的组织光学参数测量系统,分析了积分球测量传递函数与误差来源及系统最佳测量条件,建立了基于BP-MCML的系统校正正向模型与L-M算法的光学参数反构算法。在此基础上,测量了1 100~1 400nm连续宽谱范围内Intralipid溶液光学参数,实验结果表明改进后反构算法测量结果比较准确,多次测量标准偏差在3%以内,不同波长下约化散射系数及吸收系数测量结果与其他研究小组得到的测量结果对比,偏差小于3.4%。  相似文献   

6.
热作用致良性前列腺增生组织的光学特性变化   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
研究了热作用下的良性前列腺增生(BPH)组织对808和980 nm的半导体激光的光学特性的变化及其差异。实验采用双积分球测量系统以及反向倍增法获取良性前列腺增生组织的光学特性。结果表明,热作用下的良性前列腺增生组织对808 nm和980 nm的吸收系数、约化散射系数和光学穿透深度都是随着加热温度的变化而变化的,在20~80℃的温度范围内,良性前列腺增生组织对808 nm的吸收系数和约化散射系数都分别明显地较其对980 nm的吸收系数和约化散射系数要大,而其对808 nm的光学穿透深度却明显地较其对980 nm的光学穿透深度要小,吸收系数的最大值都在20℃,分别为0.528 mm-1和0.448 mm-1;最小值分别在50℃和70℃,分别为0.436 mm-1和0.326 mm-1,吸收系数的最大差异在70℃,其值为34.1%;约化散射系数的最大值都在80℃,其值分别为1.45 mm-1和1.43 mm-1,最小值分别在20℃和70℃,分别为1.15 mm-1和0.973 mm-1,最大差异在70℃,其值为24.4%;光学穿透深度的最大值分别在50℃和70℃,其值分别为0.684 mm和0.887 mm,最小值都在80℃,其值分别为0.608 mm和0.696 mm,最大差异在70℃,其值为30.4%。在70℃的热作用下良性前列腺增生组织达到完全热凝固,吸收系数、散射系数和光学穿透深度的差异达到最大值。  相似文献   

7.
齐贝贝  刘迎  贾光一  刘小君 《物理学报》2011,60(12):128701-128701
根据空间分辨漫反射的双点源δ-P1近似理论模型,采用非线性最小二乘法,从反射率的测量数据中反演得到了生物组织的吸收系数μa、有效散射系数μ' s和二阶参量γ.研究表明,在光源与探测器之间距离大于一个输运平均自由程的情况下,双点源δ-P1近似能较好地描述光源附近的光辐射分布,而且能够根据参量γ与μ' s的关系得到组织的各向异性因子g.这些研究对于生物组织的光学性质测量以及漫反射光谱技术的应用具有重要意义. 关键词: 组织光学 P1近似')" href="#">δ-P1近似 光学参量 双点源  相似文献   

8.
线光束照射下局部病变组织背散射场角分布研究   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3  
将内含异质层的半无限生物组织作为研究线光束照射下局部病变组织背散射场的近似模型,在此基础上,引入倍加算法对线光束照射下局部病变组织背散射场角分布进行数值计算。根据数值计算结果,分析了不同组织层几何参量和光学参量对背散射场角分布的影响,结果表明:“病变组织层对背散射场中小角度光的影响明显大于对大角度光的影响;背散射场的角分布对病变组织的几何参量(埋藏深度和光学厚度)较为敏感,而对病变组织光学参量亦即病变组织性质的差异敏感度较低。”同时还对含肿瘤的乳房组织的背散射场角分布进行了计算和分析,为将背散射场角分布应用于组织内隐藏异物的无创伤诊断提供了理论参考。  相似文献   

9.
有限宽光束在生物组织中传输的蒙特卡罗方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于光在生物组织中的传输理论,研究有限宽光束在生物组织中的传输特性.利用入射光强与格林函数进行卷积计算,推导了有限宽光束在圆柱坐标系下的光传输过程,给出了有限宽光束的光传输方程.以高斯光源和平圆光源为例,进一步给出了两种光源的有限宽光束在生物组织中的光传输方程.介绍了Monte Carlo方法原理及模拟光在多层生物组织中的传输过程.给出了典型三层生物组织的散射系数、吸收系数和折射率等光学参数.利用Monte Carlo方法模拟了有限宽光束在三层生物组织中的传输特性,对比研究了高斯光源和平圆光源有限宽光束在三层生物组织传输时光学参数漫透射率、漫反射率和光能流率的变化规律.这些参数的变化规律可为光在生物组织传输的实际应用提供理论指导.  相似文献   

10.
《发光学报》2004,25(1):105-105
20 0 5年 8月 2 1~ 2 6日 中国 长春发起单位 :国际光学委员会主办单位 :中国光学学会组织单位 :中科院长春光机所国内支持单位 :中国科学院中国工程院国家自然科学基金委员会中国科学技术协会国外合作单位 :国际光学工程学会 (SPIE)美国光学学会 (OSA)欧洲光学学会 (EOS)国际生命科学光学学会(OWLS)IEEE/LEOS俄罗斯西伯利亚光学学会日本光学学会韩国光学学会宇航研究发展亚洲办公室(AFOSRAsianOffice)会议介绍国际光学委员会大会每三年举办一次。第2 0届大会将于 2 0 0 5年 8月 2 1~ 2 6日在中国长春召开 ,长春是中国最大…  相似文献   

11.
On the feasibility of remote palpation using acoustic radiation force   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
A method of acoustic remote palpation, capable of imaging local variations in the mechanical properties of tissue, is under investigation. In this method, focused ultrasound is used to apply localized (on the order of 2 mm3) radiation force within tissue. and the resulting tissue displacements are mapped using ultrasonic correlation based methods. The tissue displacements are inversely proportional to the stiffness of the tissue, and thus a stiffer region of tissue exhibits smaller displacements than a more compliant region. In this paper, the feasibility of remote palpation is demonstrated experimentally using breast tissue phantoms with spherical lesion inclusions, and in vitro liver samples. A single diagnostic transducer and modified ultrasonic imaging system are used to perform remote palpation. The displacement images are directly correlated to local variations in tissue stiffness with higher contrast than the corresponding B-mode images. Relationships between acoustic beam parameters, lesion characteristics and radiation force induced tissue displacement patterns are investigated and discussed. The results show promise for the clinical implementation of remote palpation.  相似文献   

12.
肿瘤组织自体荧光光谱测量与分析   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
首先介绍了对人工培养鼠肿瘤组织的激光诱导荧光光谱的实验测量结果,并与同一机体正常组织的自体荧光光谱进行了比较,然后对肿瘤组织自体荧光的来源,与正常组织光谱特征差异的本质进行了详细分析,从而得出结论,生物组织自体荧光光谱能够反映肿瘤组织的特异性,可以作为组织诊断的依据。  相似文献   

13.
Investigations of laser-induced fluorescence spectra for human cardiac valve tissue with calcinosis are performed as compared to similar spectra of bone and myocardial tissue of an animal that are excited by an excimer laser with a 248-nm wavelength. It is shown that a healthy tissue has a laser-induced fluorescence maximum in the region of 300–400 nm which corresponds to protein tissue luminescence. For tissue affected by calcinosis, the laser-induced fluorescence spectra differ significantly from the spectra of healthy tissue and have a maximum in the region of 400–500 nm. The obtained results offer the prospects for using laser-induced fluorescence to diagnose tissue with calcinosis in open-heart surgery. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 4, pp. 539–541, July–August, 1997.  相似文献   

14.
基于聚焦光声层析技术的甲状腺离体组织成像   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
曾志平  谢文明  张建英  李莉  陈树强  李志芳  李晖 《物理学报》2012,61(9):97801-097801
对人体甲状腺内的病变组织进行定位和成像对于准确诊断和有效治疗甲状腺疾病是至关重要的. 本文评估了利用光声层析技术对离体甲状腺组织进行成像的可行性, 并利用基于30 MHz超声换能器的聚焦光声成像系统对甲状腺进行扫描成像. 实验中成像系统的横向分辨率和纵向分辨率分别达到了350 μupm和74 μupm. 分别对正常离体甲状腺组织和模拟病变甲状腺组织进行光声成像. 实验结果表明, 本成像系统能够有效区分和鉴别正常甲状腺组织和病变组织. 此项技术有望进一步提高甲状腺疾病诊断的准确率, 以便更为有效地指导疾病的治疗, 具有潜在的临床应用前景.  相似文献   

15.
Current methods of determining high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) fields in tissue rely on extrapolation of measurements in water assuming linear wave propagation both in water and in tissue. Neglecting nonlinear propagation effects in the derating process can result in significant errors. A new method based on scaling the source amplitude is introduced to estimate focal parameters of nonlinear HIFU fields in tissue. Focal values of acoustic field parameters in absorptive tissue are obtained from a numerical solution to a KZK-type equation and are compared to those simulated for propagation in water. Focal wave-forms, peak pressures, and intensities are calculated over a wide range of source outputs and linear focusing gains. Our modeling indicates, that for the high gain sources which are typically used in therapeutic medical applications, the focal field parameters derated with our method agree well with numerical simulation in tissue. The feasibility of the derating method is demonstrated experimentally in excised bovine liver tissue.  相似文献   

16.
人体硬组织替代材料的研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
郑学斌  刘宣勇  丁传贤 《物理》2003,32(3):159-164
硬组织(骨、牙等)损伤或病变是临床上常见的事件,如果损伤或病变严重到无法进行药物治疗的程度,需要采取硬组织替代材料进行修复或置换。文章对人体硬组织替代材料的类型、力学性能及生物学性能等方面进行了综述,并指出了硬组织替代材料的发展方向。  相似文献   

17.
The detailed mechanisms by which re-entry and ventricular fibrillation are initiated in the heart remain poorly understood because they are difficult to investigate experimentally. We have used a simplified excitable media computational model of action potential propagation to systematically study how re-entry can be produced by diffuse regions of inexcitable tissue. Patterns of excitable and inexcitable tissue were generated using a genetic algorithm. The inexcitable tissue was modeled in two ways: (i) diffusive, electrically connected but inexcitable tissue, or (ii) zero-flux, areas of tissue electrically disconnected in the same way as zero-flux boundary conditions. We were able to evolve patterns of diffuse inexcitable tissue that favored re-entry, but no single structure or pattern emerged. Diffusive inexcitable regions were inherently less arrhythmogenic than zero-flux inexcitable ones.  相似文献   

18.
生物组织光学特性参数的无创检测理论与技术   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
无创定量确定生物组织的光学特性在医学诊断和治疗领域中有着很重要的意义和广泛的应用前景。作为生物组织光学特性参数无创检测技术的理论基础 ,首先简要介绍了描述散射介质中光传播及分布的漫散射理论及蒙特卡罗模拟算法 ;然后分别介绍了用漫散射理论和蒙特卡罗模拟算法无创定量确定生物组织光学特性参数的具体方法 ;最后总结了到目前为止无创定量确定生物组织光学特性参数的研究成果 ,并对今后的工作作了展望  相似文献   

19.
When large tumors are treated,ablation of the entire volume of tumors requires multiple treatment spots formed by high intensity-focused ultrasound(HIFU)scanning therapy.The heating effect of HIFU on biological tissue is mainly reflected in temperature elevation and tissue lesions.Tissue property parameters vary with temperature and,in turn,the distribution of temperature as well as the heating effects change accordingly.In this study,an HIFU scanning therapy model considering dynamic tissue properties is provided.The acoustic fields and temperature fields are solved combining the Helmholtz wave equation with Pennes bio-heat transfer equation based on the finite element method(FEM)to investigate the effects of various tissue properties(i.e.,the attenuation coefficient,acoustic velocity,thermal conductivity,specific heat capacity,density,and blood perfusion rate)on heating performance.Comparisons of the temperature distribution and thermal lesions under static and dynamic properties are made based on the data of tissue property parameters varying with temperature.The results show that the dynamic changes of thermal conductivity,specific heat capacity,and acoustic velocity may account for the decrease of temperature elevation in HIFU treatment,while the dynamic changes of attenuation coefficient,density,and blood perfusion rate aggravate the increase of temperature on treatment spots.Compared with other properties,the dynamic change of attenuation coefficient has a greater impact on tissue temperature elevation.During HIFU scanning therapy,the temperature elevation and tissue lesions of the first treatment spot are smaller than those of the subsequent treatment spots,but the temperature on the last treatment spot drops faster during the cooling period.The ellipsoidal tissue lesion is not symmetrical;specifically,the part facing toward the previous treatment spot tends to be larger.Under the condition of the same doses,the temperature elevation and the size of tissue lesions under dynamic properties present significant growth in comparison to static properties.Besides,the tissue lesion begins to form earlier with a more unsymmetrical shape and is connected to the tissue lesion around the previous treatment spot.As a result,lesions around all the treatment spots are connected with each other to form a closed lesion region.The findings in this study reveal the influence of dynamic tissue properties on temperature elevation and lesions during HIFU scanning therapy,providing useful support for the optimization of treatment programs to guarantee higher efficacy and safety.  相似文献   

20.
Khaled W  Reichling S  Bruhns OT  Ermert H 《Ultrasonics》2006,44(Z1):e199-e202
Mechanical properties of biological tissue represent important diagnostic information and are of histological and pathological relevance. In order to obtain non-invasively mechanical properties of tissue, we developed a real-time strain imaging system for clinical applications. The output data of this system also allow an inverse elastography approach leading to the spatial distribution of the relative elastic modulus of tissue. The internal displacement field of biological tissue is determined using the above mentioned strain imaging system by applying quasi-static compression to the considered tissue. Axial displacements are calculated by comparing echo signal sets obtained prior to and immediately following less than 0.1% compression, using the fast root seeking technique. Strain images representing mechanical tissue properties in a non-quantitative manner are displayed in real-time mode. For additional quantitative imaging, the stiffness distribution is calculated from the displacement field assuming the investigated material to be elastic, isotropic, and nearly incompressible. Different inverse problem approaches for calculating the shear modulus distribution using the internal displacement field have been implemented and compared. The results of an ongoing clinical study with more than 200 patients show, that our real-time strain imaging system is able to differentiate malignant and benign tissue areas in the prostate with a high degree of accuracy (sensitivity=76% and specificity=89%). The reconstruction approaches applied to the strain image data deliver quantitative tissue information and seem promising for an additional differential diagnosis of lesions in biological tissue. Our real-time system has the potential of improving diagnosis of prostate and breast cancer.  相似文献   

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