兰州冷却环总体设计

兰州重离子冷却环CSR是兰州重离子加速器研究装置HRRFL的一项升级工程, 是一个双冷却储存环系统,由主环CSRm和实验环CSRe构成. 从HIRFL回旋加速器系统来的重离子束, 首先注入到主环CSRm中进行累积冷却, 然后加速到较高的能量引出打初级靶产生放射线次级束RIBs或高离化重离子束, 这些次级束再被送到验环CSRe储存起来以开展内靶实验.     

HIRFL-CSR主环加速腔系统设计

正在建设中的兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环 ( HIRFL- CSR)的主环加速腔系统用于将累积的重离子束流进行加速 .其频率范围为 0 .2 5 - 1 .7MHz,峰值电压为 8.0 k V.重点介绍了主环加速腔系统的设计及主要高频参数 ,包括高频腔体的设计及低电平控制部分的设计. An ion cooler storage ring HIRFL CSR is constructing at Institute of Modern Physics(IMP). It consists of two rings--main ring (CSRm) and experimental ring (CSRe). For the CSRm, two RF systems will be employed. One is for RF stacking, and another is for beam accelerating. The designed parameters of CSRm accelerating system and the control block diagram of RF system are described. The RF accelerating system has a specification of lower and wider frequency range from 0.25 to 1.7 MHz...     

CSR切割磁铁设计

兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环(HIRFL CSR)由一个主环(CSRm)和实验环(CSRe)构成.两个储存环的束流注入与引出都需要借助于切割磁铁的导向来完成.介绍了CSR的切割磁铁的物理设计和二维场计算. In order to satisfy the requirement of beam injection and extraction of CSR, four magnetic septums will be used in the accelerator. In the design, the shape of the lamination is optimized by 2-D magnetic field calculation. Also, in order to decrease the leakage field and obtain a satisfied field distribution, a special auxiliary coil and a shield iron plate are considered and as well as the construction of the septum leg is treated in a special way. As a result, the leakage field is almost...     

兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环

 兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环HIRFL-CSR，是一个多用途、多功能的双冷却储存环同步加速器系统，由主环CSRm和实验环CSRe构成，并以兰州重离子级联回旋加速器HIRFL作注入器。CSR利用高频变谐波的方法，将重离子束的能量从7～25 MeV/u同步加速到２00～1 000 MeV/u，同时利用重离子储存环中空心电子束冷却技术将束流品质提高１个数量级，并通过储存环的快引出及慢引出，提供多种类的重离子束以及放射性次级束(RIBs)，以开展范围更广精度更高的物理实验。该装置于2007年投入运行，已取得了重要的运行结果，如实现了剥离注入与多圈注入、空心电子束对重离子束的冷却与累积、变谐波宽能区同步加速、等时性环型谱仪、RIBs的产生收集与ToF高分辨质量测量以及高能重离子束的变能慢引出等。     

兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环束流累积研究

对兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环加速器主体的主要功能环——主环的束流累积方法和设计进行了研究 .为了使主环对不同种类的重离子束流都具有较强的累积能力 ,在设计时考虑采用电子冷却参与下的两种束流累积方法 :多次多圈注入和射频堆积 .对这两种方法 ,电子冷却的冷却时间都是将束流累积到高流强的关键因素. The beam accumulation methods of HIRFL CSR(Heavy Ion Research Facility of Lanzhou and Cooler Storage Rings) project were studied. Two accumulation methods will be adopted to increase the beam intensity of CSRm. For both multiple multi turn injection method and RF stacking method, electron cooling of beam plays an important role.     

储存环内纵向Palmer方式随机冷却过程模拟

基于Fokker–Planck方程,模拟了兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环(HIRFL–CSR)实验环内重离子束的Palmer方式纵向动量冷却过程,在模拟过程中,得到并应用使冷却达到最快的系统最优增益曲线.对模拟结果进行了讨论.     

重离子束治癌

本文回顾了辐射治癌的历史发展和国内外动态，讨论了重离子束与常规辐射相比在肿瘤治疗上的优势，提出了为治疗应用的重离子束的主要参数以及在兰州重离子研究装置（ＨＩＲＦＬ）拟建的冷却储存环（ＣＳＲ）上建立治疗实验室的初步考虑． Historical background and trends at home and abroad for radiation therapy arelooked back in the paper. The advantages of heavy ion beam in comparision with conventional radiation in tumour treatment are discussed. The main parameters of heavy ion beams fortherapy application and a tentative idea constructing treatment rooms at Cooling StorageRing(CSR) of Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) are proposed.     

CSR二极磁铁积分磁场测量系统

介绍了兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环(HIRFL CSR)积分磁场测量系统以及积分测量的基本原理和数据处理方法,对测量结果的分析表明整个系统运行可靠稳定,可用于CSR磁铁的积分测量.This article presents the basic principle of dipole integral magnetic field measurement . The integral coil which has the same radius with the dipole magnets was used to measure the integral magnetic field of different magnets in Cooler Storage Ring(HIRFL CSR). The article also generally introduced the software and hardware systems of the automatic measurement device. According to the repetitive experiments, a suit of better measurement got to be summarized. On the other hand, the article recommends the...     

兰州重离子加速器国家实验室(NLHIAL)的今天与明天

本文介绍了HIRFL的工作状况和发展,简要报道了NLHIAL的科学活动,提出了建立与HIRFL配套的重离子冷却储存环(CSR)的设想。This paper reports on the current status of operation and development of the Heavy IonResearch Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL), and introduces briefly the outline of the scientific activities inNLHIAL. In addition, a proposal concerning building a Cooler Storage Ring (CSR) for heavy ions incombination with HIRFL is presented.     

HIRFL能区与CSR能区高能γ实验

介绍了在兰州重离子加速器装置（HIRPL）上开展的原子核巨共振实验研究,并对以后在HIRFL与冷却储存环CSR上可以开展的一些高能γ实验,如双声子态实验、轫致辐射实验、集体运动消失与相变关系等作了一些讨论． The experiments on giant dipole resonance performed at HIRFL of the Institute of Modern Physics are reviewed. At HIRFL and CSR the prospective high energy gamma experiments on double phonon state, Bremstrahlung, the connection between disappearance of collective motion and phase transition, and so on, are also discussed.     

HIRFL与CSR的匹配研究

国家重大科学工程HIRFLCSR冷却储存环计划主环CSRm利用已有的HIRFL作为注入器,为了更好地利用HIRFL加速器的能力,对这两台加速器的匹配在原来的初步考虑的基础上进行了较为详细的研究,提出了分别利用HIRFL自己的注入器SFC单独注入到CSR以及SFC加上主加速器SSC注入到CSR的两套方案,既可以提高HIRFL与CSR的总传输效率,又可以在SFC与CSR联合运行的同时使SSC与另建的小回旋加速器组合加速质子,从而充分提高HIRFL的运行效率.     

CSR的辐射防护

CSR(cooling storage ring)按计划将于2005年底建成调束,届时从¹²C到²³⁸U的重离子将可以分别被加速到900和400MeV的能量. HIRFL(兰州重离子加速器Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou)将 用作CSR的注入器. 为了CSR的屏蔽设计,本文利用现有的实验数据计算了由于束流损失产生的中子及其能谱、角分布,同时也估算了屏蔽体外表面的中子剂量、环境中子剂量及天空返照中子剂量. 在源项计算中使用了400MeV/u ¹²C+Cu反应的中子产额、能谱、角分布的实验数据. 计算表明, CSR对环境剂量影响最大的是天空返照中子.     

Dielectronic recombination at low energy range with Boron-like Ar13+at the CSRm

In order to extend the dielectronic recombination (DR) experiments from the main cooler storage ring CSRm with intermediate charge state ions to the experimental cooler storage ring CSRe with highly charged ions and even radioactive ions, a test electron-ion recombination experiment of B-like Ar¹³⁺ ions was performed with a section of the new electron beam energy detuning system, which will be installed at the CSRe. We present the measured and also the calculated DR spectra for the ∆n = 0 resonances from 0 to 3 eV. The experimental results agree very well with the previous DR experimental data from CRYRING, and the energy resolution reached 30 meV full width at half maximum. This test experiment demonstrates that the reliability and stability of the newly developed electron beam energy detuning system are satisfactory for the upcoming DR experiments at the CSRe. However, we found large discrepancies between the experimental result and the calculation in both resonance positions and the intensities of the recombination spectrum below 0.7 eV, which indicate that precise calculation of the DR spectrum of multielectron ions is still a challenge.     

HIRFL-CSR complex

The construction and commissioning of HIRFL-CSR were finished in 2007. From 2000 to 2005 the subsystem and key devices of CSR were successfully fabricated, such as magnet, power supply, UHV system, e-cooler, electric-static deflector with the septum of 0.1 mm, and the fast-pulse kicker with the rise time of 150 ns. After that the CSR commissioning activities were performed in 2006 and 2007, including the accumulation of those heavy ions of C, At, Kr and Xe by the combination of stripping injection (STI) or multiple multi-turn injection (MMI) and e-cooling with a hollow e-beam, wide energy-range synchrotron ramping by changing the RF harmonic-number at mid-energy, the beam stacking in the experimental ring CSRe, the RIBs mass-measurement with the isochronous-mode in CSRe by using the time-of-flight method, and the ion beam slow-extraction from CSRm.     

SSC直线注入器RFQ腔体多物理场分析

SSC-LINAC是为兰州重离子研究装置（HIRFL）设计的直线注入器,它将U34+离子加速到1 MeV/u注入到分离扇回旋加速器（SSC）中,为冷却储存环（CSR）提供10 MeV/u的U34+。该注入器可以将SSC引出的重离子流强提高一个量级以上。SSC-LINAC由一个RFQ（Radio Frequency Quadrupole）加速器和4个DTL（drift tube linac）组成,设计频率为53.667 MHz。RFQ工作在连续波模式,设计功率30 kW,如果不能有效地冷却,高频电流在电极表面产生的热量会使RFQ的腔壁和电极发生形变,从而导致腔体频率的漂移以及加速和聚焦电场的改变。因此,为了保证连续波工作的RFQ加速器稳定运行,对水冷模式和通道设计提出了很高的要求。作者用有限元软件ANSYS对RFQ进行高频电磁场、温度场、结构应力的耦合分析,验证了冷却方案设计的可行性和可靠性。Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou(HIRFL) consists of SFC, SSC, CSRm and CSRe. A new linac injector, which will increase U34+ to 1 MeV/u, is designed for SSC to increase the beam intensity to ten times higher. The new injector, whose frequency is 53.667 MHz, is composed by a RFQ (Radio Frequency Quadrupole) cavity and four DTL(Drift Tube Linac) cavities. The RFQ cavity, whose RF power is 30 kW, is operated at CW(continuous wave) mode. The heat produced by HF (high frequency) electromagnetic will cause deformation of RFQ structure, lead to the resonant frequency shift, and reduce the focusing efficiency of the cavity. An efficient cooling system is necessary to ensure that the RFQ cavity can stably be operated at the nominal frequency. A detailed multi-physics field coupling analysis of RFQ has been finished with 3D finite elements software ANSYS. The result of the analysis shows that the water cooling system can cool the RFQ cavity fully and keep the frequency drift be in a acceptable level.     

HIRFL-CSR commissioning in 2006 and 2007

HIRFL-CSR, a new heavy ion cooler-storage-ring system at IMP, had been in commissioning since the beginning of 2006. In the two years of 2006 and 2007 the CSR commissioning was finished, including the stripping injection (STI), electron-cooling with hollow electron beam, C-beam stacking with the combination of STI and e-cooling, the wide energy-range synchrotron ramping from 7 MeV/u to 1000 MeV/u by changing the RF harmonic-number at mid-energy, the multiple multi-turn injection (MMI), the beam accumulation with MMI and e-cooling for heavy-ion beams of Ar, Kr and Xe, the fast extraction from CSRm and single-turn injection to CSRe, beam stacking in CSRe and the RIBs mass-spectrometer test with the isochronous mode in CSRe by using the time-of-flight method.     

Status and Prospects of HIRFL Experiments

The research activities at HIRFL cover the fields of radio-biology,material science,atomic physics,and nuclear physics.This report mainly concentrates on the experiments of nuclear physics with the existing and planned experimental setups such as SHANS,RIBLL1,ETF,CSRe and PISA at HIRFL.     

A pilot experiment for mass measurement at CSRe

A pilot experiment of mass measurement was performed at CSRe with the method of isochronous mass spectrometry. The secondary fragments produced via RIBLL2 with the primary beam of 400 MeV/u 36Ar delivered by CSRm were injected into CSRe. The revolution periods of the stored ions, which depend on the mass-to-charge ratios of the stored ions, were measured with a time-of-flight detector system. The results show that the mass resolution around 8×10-6 for Δm/m is achieved.