Rashba自旋-轨道耦合下二维双极化子的基态性质

在考虑Rashba自旋-轨道耦合效应下,基于Lee-Low-Pines变换,采用Pekar型变分法研究了量子点中双极化子的基态性质.数值结果表明,在电子-声子强耦合(耦合常数α6)条件下,量子点中形成稳定双极化子结构的条件(结合能E_b0)自然满足;双极化子的结合能E_b随量子点受限强度ω_0、介质的介电常数比η和电子-声子耦合强度α的增大而增加,随Rashba自旋-轨道耦合常数αR的增加表现为直线增加和减小两种截然相反的情形;Rashba效应使双极化子的基态能量分裂为E(↑↑),E(↓↓)和E(↑↓)三条能级,分别对应两电子的自旋取向为"向上"、"向下"和"反平行"三种情形;基态能量的绝对值|E|随η和α的增加而增大,随αR的增加表现为直线增加和减小两种截然相反的情形;在双极化子的基态能量E中,电子-声子耦合能所占据的比例明显大于Rashba自旋-轨道耦合能所占比例,但电子-声子耦合与Rashba自旋-轨道耦合间相互渗透、彼此影响显著.     

声子之间的相互作用对量子线中磁极化子性质的影响

研究了量子线中弱耦合磁极化子的性质.采用线性组合算符和微扰法导出量子线中弱耦合磁极化子的基态能量.在计及电子在反冲效应中发射和吸收不同波矢的声子之间的相互作用时,讨论了量子线的受限强度、电子-LO声子耦合强度和声子之间相互作用对量子线中弱耦合磁极化子的基态能量的影响.数值计算结果表明:量子线中弱耦合磁极化子的基态能量随量子线的受限强度ω₀的增大而迅速增大.当受限强度ω₀取相同值时,电子-声子耦合强度α越大基态能量E₀越小,磁场的回旋频率ω_e越大基态能量E₀越大.在弱磁场情况下,当ω₀<0.5时,随着量子线的受限强度ω₀的减少p值迅速增大,即对于弱磁场声子之间相互作用的影响不能忽略.     

抛物量子点中强耦合磁双极化子内部激发态性质

基于Lee-Low-Pines幺正变换,采用Pekar类型变分法研究了抛物量子点中强耦合磁双极化子的内部激发态性质,当考虑自旋和外磁场影响时,推导出二维量子点中强耦合磁双极化子基态的能量E0,声子平均数ˉN0以及第一激发态的能量E1,声子平均数ˉN1随量子点受限强度ω0,介电常数比η,电子-声子耦合强度α和磁场的回旋共振频率ωC的变化规律.结果表明,磁双极化子的基态能量E0和第一激发态能量E1由两电子的单粒子能量E E,两电子间库仑相互作用能E C,电子自旋与磁场相互作用能E s和电子-声子相互作用能E e-ph四部分组成;单粒子"轨道"运动与磁场相互作用导致了第一激发态能级E1分裂为E(1+1)1,E(1-1)1两条,而电子自旋-磁场相互作用的效应又使基态和第一激发态的各能级均产生了三条"精细结构";ˉN0和ˉN1随ω0,α和ωc的增加而增大,E e-ph的取值总是小于零,其绝对值随α,ω0和ωc的增加而增大;电子-声子相互作用的效应是束缚态磁双极化子形成的有力因素,而限定势和电子之间的库仑排斥能的存在不利于束缚态磁双极化子的形成;能量为E(1-1)1的磁双极化子要比能量为E(1+1)1的磁双极化子更容易且更稳定地处于束缚态.     

抛物量子点中强耦合束缚磁极化子的声子平均数

采用线性组合算符和幺正变换方法导出了强耦合束缚磁极化子的振动频率和声子平均数。讨论了量子点的有效受限长度、磁场、库仑场和电子-LO声子耦合强度对抛物量子点中强耦合束缚磁极化子振动频率和声子平均数的影响。数值计算结果表明:强耦合束缚磁极化子的振动频率和声子平均数均随量子点的有效受限长度、回旋共振频率的增加而减小,随库仑束缚势的增加而增加,声子平均数随电子-LO声子耦合强度增加而减小。     

非对称量子点中强耦合束缚磁极化子的基态寿命

采用线性组合算符和幺正变换方法,研究了非对称量子点中电子和体纵光学声子强耦合下束缚磁极化子的性质.得到了非对称量子点中强耦合束缚磁极化子的基态能量.讨论了量子点横向和纵向受限长度.磁极化子基态能量,电子-声子耦合强度和外界温度对磁极化子基态寿命的影响.由于电子-声子相互作用和外界温度的影响导致了量子体系的跃迁,即磁极化子吸收了声子的能量由摹态跃迁到激发态,造成极化子在基态的寿命发生变化.通过计算发现束缚磁极化子基态寿命随基态能量的增加而变大,随电子-声子耦合强度,量子点横向和纵向受限长度,外界温度的增加而变小.     

三角阱中考虑Rashba效应的极化子声子平均数（英文）

本文采用改进的线性组合算符和幺正变换相结合的方法,推导出了考虑自旋和轨道相互作用即Rashba效应影响下的三角量子阱中弱耦合极化子的声子平均数,讨论了极化子的声子平均数随电-声子耦合常数和自旋轨道耦合常数的变化.通过取极化子单位后计算结果并绘图表明:电-声子耦合作用和Rashba效应对极化子的声子平均数均有影响,而且发现声子平均数随因为电-声子耦合作用和Rashba效应的增强均会增加.     

半导体量子阱中弱耦合磁极化子的性质

采用线性组合算符和改进的LLP变分法,研究了在考虑电子自旋情况下无限深量子阱中弱耦合磁极化子的性质。导出了弱耦合磁极化子的声子平均数、基态能量和电子自旋能量与磁极化子基态能量之比的绝对值的表达式。并对两种不同阱材料的量子阱进行了数值计算,结果表明:磁极化子的声子平均数随电子-LO声子耦合常数和阱宽的增加而增大,并且最终随着阱宽的增加而趋于体情况下的极限值;由于电子自旋能的作用使磁极化子的基态能量由不考虑电子自旋下的一条分裂为两条,并且它随阱宽和电子-LO声子耦合常数的增加而减小,随回旋共振频率(磁场)的增加而增大。电子自旋作用能否忽略由回旋共振频率和阱材料本身的性质决定。     

声子色散对量子点中弱耦合磁极化子性质的影响(英文)

利用线性组合算符和幺正变换的方法,研究声子色散对磁场中抛物量子点弱耦合磁极化子性质的影响.计及LO声子色散,在抛物近似下导出了基态能量与量子点有效受限长度、声子色散系数、磁场强度以及耦合强度之间的关系.我们可以得到在弱耦合情况下抛物量子点中磁极化子的基态能量E0随量子点有效受限长度l0、电子声子耦合常数α和声子色散系数γ的增大而减小,随磁场回旋频率ωc增大而增大.自陷能Eotr随声子色散系数γ增大而增大.     

Rashba效应影响下量子点中弱耦合束缚极化子的性质

采用改进的线性组合算符和幺正变换的方法研究了Rashba效应影响下量子点中弱耦合束缚极化子的性质,导出了Rashba效应影响下量子点中弱耦合束缚极化子的振动频率、有效质量、基态分裂能和相互作用能。数值计算结果表明随Rashba自旋-轨道耦合常数的增加,由于声子作用产生的附加能量能对零磁场时自旋分裂能的影响占有绝对优势。库仑势对束缚极化子的基态能量的影响同时也占有绝对优势。所以,研究Rashba自旋轨道相互作时声子的影响不可忽略。     

Rashba效应影响下量子点中弱耦合束缚极化子的性质

采用改进的线性组合算符和幺正变换的方法研究了Rashba效应影响下量子点中弱耦合束缚极化子的性质,导出了Rashba效应影响下量子点中弱耦合束缚极化子的振动频率、有效质量、基态分裂能和相互作用能。数值计算结果表明随Rashba自旋-轨道耦合常数的增加,由于声子作用产生的附加能量能对零磁场时自旋分裂能的影响占有绝对优势。库仑势对束缚极化子的基态能量的影响同时也占有绝对优势。所以,研究Rashba自旋轨道相互作时声子的影响不可忽略。     

Equilibrium dynamics of the sub-Ohmic spin-boson model under bias

Using the bosonic numerical renormalization group method, we studied the equilibrium dynamical correlation function C(ω) of the spin operator σ_z for the biased sub-Ohmic spin-boson model. The small-ω behavior C(ω) ∝ω~s is found to be universal and independent of the bias ε and the coupling strength α(except at the quantum critical point α = αc and ε = 0). Our NRG data also show C(ω) ∝χ~2ω~s for a wide range of parameters, including the biased strong coupling regime(ε = 0 and α α_c), supporting the general validity of the Shiba relation. Close to the quantum critical point αc,the dependence of C(ω) on α and ε is understood in terms of the competition between ε and the crossover energy scale ω_0~*of the unbiased case. C(ω) is stable with respect to ε for ε《ε~*. For ε》ε~*, it is suppressed by ε in the low frequency regime. We establish that ε~*∝(ω_0~*)~(1/θ)holds for all sub-Ohmic regime 0≤s 1, with θ = 2/(3s) for 0 s≤1/2 and θ = 2/(1 + s) for 1/2 s 1. The variation of C(ω) with α and ε is summarized into a crossover phase diagram on the α–ε plane.     

Resonant Frequency of Impurity Polaron in a Quantum Well

It is shown that the resonant frequency ω_c^* of a magnetopolaron bound to a Coulomb impurity in a GaAs/Ga_1-xAl_x AS quantum well is lower than that oflongitudinal optical (LO) phonons owing to the effect of the Coulomb potential. Using MacDonald method to treat the Coulomb potential we come to the conclusion that ω_c^* is really below the frequency of LO phonons but not "pinning" at a frequency near that of TO phonons.     

极化检测型铷原子磁力仪的研究

针对交变弱磁场的检测,研制了一种基于极化-检测双光束结构的激光抽运铷原子磁力仪.为了获得该磁力仪对磁场的响应特性,通过数值仿真分析了信号幅度随极化磁场强度、弛豫时间的变化关系,并进行了实验验证.最后通过选择合适的极化磁场使磁力仪对待测磁场的灵敏度最大.实验结果表明,优化后磁力仪灵敏度为0.2pT/(Hz)~(1/2),响应带宽3.5kHz,可用于弱磁场磁共振、高频异常物理现象等信号的检测.     

One- and Two-Mode Combination Squeezing Operator for Two Harmonic Oscillators with Coordinate-Momentum Coupling

By virtue of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators, we derive the normal ordering expansion of a one- and two-mode combination squeezing operator for two harmonic oscillators with coordinate- momentum coupling. It turns out that this squeezing operator just diagonalizes the Hamiltonian H=p^21/2m1＋m1ω^21x^21/2＋p^222m2＋m2ω^22x^22/2-λx2p1 so its ground state is a one- and two-mode combination squeezed state. Quantum fluctuation in the ground state is calculated.     

垂直载荷下颗粒物质的声波探测和非线性响应

对于玻璃珠组成的颗粒介质样品,本文测量了横波和纵波声速,同时分析了剪切模量(G)与体积模量(B)的比值(G/B)随压强的变化规律.结果表明,在低压强下,颗粒体系的纵波声速(C_L)明显大于横波声速(c_T),且体系的CL,CT及G/B均随压强p变化呈幂律标度,即CL∝p~(0.3817),CT∝p~(0.2809)G/B∝p~(-0.4539),幂指数与文献[1]中预言的-1/2非常接近,暗示在我们实验压强范围内的颗粒样品处于L玻璃状态.此外,本文还利用快速傅里叶变换法测量了玻璃珠样品中的声学衰减特性及二阶谐波随压强的变化,发现:纵波声衰减系数(α)、接收端二倍频振幅(μ_(2ω))与基频振幅(μ_(1ω))平方的比值(μ_(2ω)/μ_(1ω)~2)均随压强的增大而幂率减小,分别为α∝p~-(-0.1879),和μ_(2ω)/μ_(1ω)~2∝p~(-0.866).     

First-principles analysis of the structural,electronic, and elastic properties of cubic organic-inorganic perovskite HC(NH_2)_2PbI_3

The structural, electronic, and elastic properties of cubic HC(NH_2)_2PbI_3 perovskite are investigated by density functional theory using the Tkatchenko–Scheffler pairwise dispersion scheme. Our relaxed lattice parameters are in agreement with experimental data. The hydrogen bonding between NH_2 and I ions is found to have a crucial role in FAPbI_3 stability. The first calculated band structure shows that HC(NH_2)_2PbI_3 has a direct bandgap(1.02 eV) at R-point, lower than the bandgap(1.53 eV) of CH_3NH_3PbI_3. The calculated density of states reveals that the strong hybridization of s(Pb)–p(I) orbital in valence band maximum plays an important role in the structural stability. The photo-generated effective electron mass and hole mass at R-point along the R–Γ and R–M directions are estimated to be smaller: m_e~*= 0.06 m0 and m_h~*= 0.08 m0 respectively, which are consistent with the values experimentally observed from long range photocarrier transport. The elastic properties are also investigated for the first time, which shows that HC(NH_2)_2PbI_3 is mechanically stable and ductile and has weaker strength of the average chemical bond. This work sheds light on the understanding of applications of HC(NH_2)_2PbI_3 as the perovskite in a planar-heterojunction solar cell light absorber fabricated on flexible polymer substrates.     

矢量介子及其激发态的讨论

在Regge唯象下, 首先研究自旋-宇称多重态中六个介子质量间的关系式. 运用验证后的关系式, 重点计算基态矢量介子多重态(1³S₁)中尚未观测到的双重粲-底介子 B_c^*的质量. 还计算了径向激发态2³S₁多重态的介子质量和轨道激发态1³G₅介子九重态的质量. 根据计算结果结合实验数据和其他理论进行讨论, 建议在6355 MeV附近寻找和研究 B_c^*介子, 将 D(2600)和 D_s1(2700)分别作为主要成分为 nc(2³S₁)和 sc(2³S₁)的态进行研究; 分别在5812, 5917, 6896 MeV附近寻找矢量介子第一径向激发态 B^*(2S), B_s^*(2S)和 B_c^*(2S). 建议将 ω₅(2250)安排在1³G₅介子九重态的同位旋标量态, 实验上在2259 MeV附近进一步研究 ρ₅(2350)的性质, 在2438 MeV附近寻找和研究 φ₅(1³G₅). 研究结果对于相关介子的自旋-宇称安排和通过实 验寻找新的介子激发态具有重要的参考价值. 关键词： Regge唯象 矢量介子 质量谱     

Theoretical Study on the Low-Lying Electronic States of He2, He2+, and He2++

The equilibrium geometries, potential energy curves, spectroscopic dissociation energies of the ground and low-lying electronic states of He₂, He₂⁺ and He₂⁺⁺ are calculated using symmetry adapted cluster/symmetry adapted cluster-configuration interaction (SAC/SAC-CI) method with the basis sets CC-PV5Z. The corresponding dissociation limits for all states are derived based on atomic and molecular reaction statics. The analytical potential energy functions of these states are fitted with Murrell--Sorbie potential energy function from our calculation results. The spectroscopic constants B_e, α _e, ω _e, and ω _e χ _e of these states are calculated through the relationship between spectroscopic data and analytical energy function, which are in well agreement with the experimental data. In addition, the origin of the energy barrier in the ground state X¹Σ_g⁺ of He₂⁺⁺ energy curve are explained using the avoided crossing rules of valence bond model.     

Tunable two-axis spin model and spin squeezing in two cavities

Multi-mode cavities have now attracted much attention both experimentally and theoretically. In this paper, inspired by recent experiments of cavity-assisted Raman transitions, we realize a two-axis spin Hamiltonian H = q(J_x~2+ χJ_y~2) + ω_0J_z in two cavities. This realized Hamiltonian has a distinct property that all parameters can be tuned independently. For proper parameters, the well-studied one- and two-axis twisting Hamiltonians are recovered, and the scaling of N~(-1) of the maximal squeezing factor can occur naturally. On the other hand, in the two-axis twisting Hamiltonian, spin squeezing is usually reduced when increasing the atomic resonant frequency ω_0. Surprisingly, we find that by combining with the dimensionless parameter χ(-1), this atomic resonant frequency ω_0 can enhance spin squeezing greatly. These results are beneficial for achieving the required spin squeezing in experiments.     

Energy Spectra and g Factors of α-A1203:Cr3+ and α-A1203:Mn4+

By diagonalizing the complete d³ energy matrix in a trigonally distorted cubicfield and using the wavefunctions from it, unified calculations of the whole energy spectrum as well as the g factors of the ground state and t₂^{3 2} E excited states for α-A1₂0₃:Cr³⁺ and α-A1₂0₃:Mn⁴⁺ have been carried out respectively. A11 the calculated results are in very good agreement with the experimental data. The comparison between the results of the two crystals has been made, which demonstrates that the covalency of α-A1₂0₃:Mn⁴⁺ is stronger than the one of α-A1₂0₃:Cr³⁺. For the zero-field splittings of the ground state and t₂^{3 2} E , their physical origins are revealed; the comparison and analysis of their values of the two crystals have been made.