基于密度泛函的伪麻黄碱拉曼光谱性质研究

研究伪麻黄碱的拉曼光谱和吸附在纳米银基底上的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS),利用密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-311G++(d, p)方法对伪麻黄碱分子进行了计算，得到了分子构型信息和理论拉曼光谱，用Gaussview软件对分子振动模式进行了全面的归属，在伪麻黄碱的表面增强拉曼光谱中，采用了自组装方法获得了团簇银纳米表面增强基底，实现了很好的增强效应.实验结果表明：伪麻黄碱的拉曼光谱计算结果和实验结果基本一致，理论计算为伪麻黄碱分子振动峰位的归属提供了重要的依据，伪麻黄碱分子与银纳米表面化学吸附，苯环垂直于纳米基底表面，研究结果为伪麻黄碱的拉曼光谱检验分析提供了理论依据，也为苯丙胺类毒品的光谱分析研究提供了参考.     

光谱法研究阿莫西林及其与DNA的相互作用

报道了阿莫西林对照品与阿莫西林胶囊的常规拉曼光谱(NRS)和在银胶基底上溶液的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS),归属了各个振动峰位和增强峰位;研究了阿莫西林对照品溶液与DNA相互作用的荧光光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱.结果表明:阿莫西林胶囊与阿莫西林对照品的NRS及SERS图谱基本一致,说明胶囊中的辅料对阿莫西林的检测几乎没有影...     

莽草酸FTIR，FT—Raman光谱及SERS研究

报道了莽草酸的FTIR,固态及饱和液态的FT-Raman光谱,归属并分析了莽草酸分子内各基团的振动峰位及其相应基团在两种振动光谱中的振动峰位变化规律。利用表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱及表面吸附选择定律研究了莽草酸在以银粒子为活性基底表面的吸附状态及其不同浓度变化对其SERS的影响,探讨了莽草酸在银粒子表面的吸附机理和规律。实验结果表明,红外与拉曼光谱结合较为全面地解析了莽草酸的分子结构中各基团的振动情况;获得了莽草酸在银粒子表面的最佳SERS效应的浓度范围,莽草酸浓度小于1×10-3mol·L-1时,其SERS明显趋好;根据SERS作用机制,莽草酸的分子在银粒子表面的吸附主要是通过其羟基、羧基的电荷转移机制及其亚甲基、次甲基的电磁作用机制共同作用;其环内双键没有明显SERS表明其未能在银粒子表面产生有效吸附理。     

一种新型基底上右旋肉碱的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)存在下,用多元醇还原硝酸银,Cu(NO_3)_2作为保护剂,快速有效的合成大量银纳米线,并优化了反应条件,得到结构均一、分散性较好的银纳米线。以罗丹明B为探针分子检测了该银纳米基底的表面增强效应,结果表明该基底对罗丹明B的表面增强效果明显,其表面增强因子可达6.4×10~5。文中利用这种基底得到了右旋肉碱的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS),与其固体常规拉曼光谱(NRS)和10~(-3) mol·L~(-1)水溶液的拉曼光谱对比,并对各自的峰位进行了归属。右旋肉碱固体在3 100~2800和1 700~200cm~(-1)处有明显拉曼振动峰,在右旋肉碱的表面增强拉曼光谱中,1700~200cm~(-1)处的峰得到了明显的增强。经分析,右旋肉碱分子与银纳米基底呈180°。本文还用合成的纳米银基底得到了不同浓度右旋肉碱溶液的表面增强拉曼光谱,其最低检测浓度为10~(-6) mol·L~(-1)。右旋肉碱是一种重要的心血管药物,本文为其研究提供了较全面的拉曼光谱信息,为右旋肉碱的快速、特征、痕量监测提供了有力依据,也为进一步研究右旋肉碱的药理学提供了重要参考。     

地塞米松磷酸钠和倍他米松磷酸钠两种差向异构体的FTIR,FT-Raman和SERS光谱研究

检测了地塞米松磷酸钠和倍他米松磷酸钠两种差向异构体的红外光谱(FTIR),固体和饱和溶液的常规拉曼光谱(NRS)及以银胶为基底的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)。通过红外和拉曼光谱的结合,对其各基团的振动模式进行解析,并对峰进行归属和比较。结果表明:两种物质的主要区别是地塞米松磷酸钠的CH3非对称伸缩振动和对称面内变形振动的拉曼位移较大;依据SERS作用机理和规律,推测两种物质在银胶上主要是通过P—O键、羧基和五元环与银胶垂直吸附。建立了两种差向异构体基于银纳米粒子的吸附模式,实现了对两种物质进行快速鉴别与区分的方法,为进一步研究肾上腺皮质激素类药物提供了十分重要的信息和可靠的参考。     

维生素C在不同pH值下的拉曼光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱

报道了维生素C(VC)的FT-拉曼光谱和在银胶基底上的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS),并对它的拉曼特征谱带进行了初步的指认和归属.结合pH值的变化探讨了吸附作用的特点和规律.实验结果表明,1748、1651、1372、1256、562、446cm-1、和149cm-1处都能看到表面增强,VC的内酯环是以倾斜的方向吸附于银胶表面,并且VC分子是通过O-H键吸附在银胶表面上的,并在吸附过程中与银发生了电荷转移而形成负离子自由基,碳氧双键打开.     

有机磷类农药的密度泛函理论计算及拉曼光谱研究

有机磷类农药常被用于防治植物病、虫、害,但对人、畜的急性毒性很强,能抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶。三种有机磷类农药分子(乐果、敌百虫和伏杀硫磷)的分子构型用GaussView3.07构造,理论计算采用密度泛函理论(density functional theory,DFT)的B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)基组,并将实验拉曼光谱、理论计算拉曼光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)进行比较。结果表明,三种有机磷类农药分子的实验值与理论方法计算值具有很好的匹配性,并对三种有机磷类农药分子(乐果、敌百虫和伏杀硫磷)在400~1 800cm-1范围内的振动频率进行了全面地归属,找到了这三种有机磷类农药的特征峰。有机磷类农药分子的振动峰中会出现相近的波数,P—O基团引起的波数在1 140~1 320cm-1之间,PS的伸缩振动的谱带在535~750cm-1范围,含有P—O—C基团的有机磷类农药在920~1 088cm-1范围产生一个谱带。对比分析三种农药的实验拉曼光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱,找到了这三种有机磷农药分子各自主要的表面增强拉曼特征峰,这些表明利用SERS技术可以用来鉴定有机磷农药。研究结果为有机磷农药的定性定量分析提供了理论基础。     

3.3′二乙基硫醛三碳菁化碘拉曼光谱研究

给出了3.3′二乙基硫醛三碳菁化碘(DTTC)分子的自然拉曼光谱、表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)、以及理论计算拉曼光谱。SERS谱的增强基底是直径60 nm的金球和50 nm长的金棒,外包附一层硫基聚乙二醇(thiol-polyethylene glycol,简称Mpeg-SH)做为稳定层。同时,采用密度泛函(DFT)方法计算了DTTC分子的拉曼光谱,计算基于B3LYP/6-31G基组。经过仔细对比,计算光谱和两种实测光谱特征峰位有很好的一致性。对于不一致的部分,分析原因可能是由于金纳米粒子表面等离子体波对于不同的峰位,其增强程度不同所引起的。这项工作将有利于基于DTTC分子的红外波段拉曼光谱技术在生化领域的应用。     

氨基酸在银胶溶液中的表面增强拉曼效应

文章报道了通过制备合适的银胶盐纳米溶液 ,得到的甘氨酸、缬氨酸和赖氨酸在银胶溶液中的表面增强拉曼光谱。低波数 2 38cm-1谱带的出现 ,表明氨基酸分子已与银表面产生明显吸附。在所得SERS图谱中 ,表征C—C基团的 90 0～ 930cm-1谱带、表征NH2 基团的 110 0cm-1左右谱带和表征COO-基团的14 0 0cm-1附近的谱带振动都得到显著加强 ,其原因主要是通过羧基基团及氨基基团与银粒子表面产生吸附 ,增强机制属于化学增强 ,为短程效应。本实验中 ,当银胶溶液 pH值降低时 ,对拉曼散射的增强效果影响不大。     

氟虫氰表面增强拉曼光谱的密度泛函理论研究（英文）

2017年8月初,荷兰发现大范围鸡蛋受杀虫剂氟虫腈污染。用拉曼光谱检测的方法对解决氟虫腈检测问题做了一定的探索。为了获得氟虫腈分子的分子结构振动信息,根据密度泛函理论中的B3LYP杂化泛函和6-311G++(d,p)基组,对氟虫腈分子进行了几何结构优化和频率计算,得到了该分子的稳定构型和全部振动模式,计算了氟虫腈分子稳定构型的拉曼散射光谱。利用HORIBA公司的T64000型光栅共聚焦显微拉曼光谱仪采集了FP的拉曼光谱并配合使用Ag/Cu纳米基底采集了表面增强拉曼光谱,较强峰出现在211,308,350,867,1323和1432 cm-1处,次强峰出现在254,407,443,463,511,607,646,712,800,1065和1639 cm-1处。结果表明,理论计算得到的振动频率与实验测量值在全部较强峰处和部分次强峰处吻合的较好。并对FP分子200~2000 cm-1区间内各频率谱线对应的振动模式进行了归属指认,6个较强峰依由小到大的次序分别指认为21H-22H蜷曲振动,10F-11F变形振动和21H-22H面外摇摆振动,15N-22H蜷曲振动,6C伸缩振动和21H面内弯曲振动,苯环呼吸振动和9C伸缩振动,7H-8H面内弯曲振动。发现表面增强拉曼光谱相对于拉曼光谱整体有微小的频移,两者整体吻合较好,表面增强拉曼光谱中211,867,1400和1432 cm-1处的峰得到了选择性增强,根据表面增强拉曼光谱的选择定则,解释为相关振动峰的原子与银衬底表面或许为接近垂直的状态,并可能与银表面吸附。下一步计划将氟虫腈混入鸡蛋中,对氟虫腈在鸡蛋中不同浓度情况下进行指认研究。研究结果可为氟虫腈的拉曼光谱分析提供理论依据,将促进食品和农产品中氟虫腈残留的快速检测和在线检测研究。将拉曼光谱作为对传统化学检测方法的补充。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.