Optical potential study of Σ nuclear states

Single-particle energies and widths of Σ hypernuclear states are calculated in light systems (A ≤ 40) as energy eigenvalues of the Schrödinger equation for a complex optical potential that fits level shifts and widths of Σ^? atoms. The interpretation and significance of Σ (normalizable) bound states embedded in the Λ hypernuclear (as well as, sometimes, in the Σ hypernuclear) continuum are discussed and their properties are studied, primarily in order to identify relatively narrow (Γ ? 10 MeV) states. The connection between these calculations and the recently observed Σ hypernuclear states suggests that bound states embedded in the Σ continuum, rather than (nonnormalizable) Gamow resonant states, are produced in (K^?, π) nuclear reactions.     

Study of the heavy molecular states in the quark model with meson exchange interaction

Some charmonium-like resonances such as X(3872) can be interpreted as possible D^(*)D^(*) molecular states. Within the quark model, we study the structure of such molecular states and the similar B^(*)D^(*) molecular states by taking into account the light meson exchange (π, η, ρ, ω and σ) between two light quarks from different mesons.     

Λ和∑粒子衰变的上下不对称性

本文计算结果指出,当强作用的影响被考虑以后,超子衰变的上下不对称的实验结果是可以解释的。对衰变的分析可以给出关于强作用的重正化和强度的重要知识。我们的结果指出强作用满足“强作用近似”的条件。     

On the effect of ΛΣ conversion on the Λ particle binding energy in nuclear matter

The Λ particle binding energy in nuclear matter is calculated with a phenomenological separable ΛN-ΣN potential matrix and with a separable NN potential. The calculation includes the three-body ΛNN cluster energy and the rearrangement energy, both of which give only relatively small contributions to the calculated substantial Σ suppression.     

On the production mechanism of Σ-hypernuclear systems in A(K −, π±) reactions

It is shown that the new data on the excitation energy E _exc spectrum of the residual nuclear system in the Σ-hypernuclear region in the reactions (K ^?, π^±) on ⁹Be and in the reaction (K ^?, π⁺) on ⁴He and ¹²C can be described without assuming the existence of excited Σ-hypernuclear states. The basis is formed by a simultaneous consideration of the quasifree Σ production and Σ-nuclear rescattering (elastic and with Σ → Λ conversion) with allowance for the interference of the respective amplitudes. To answer completely the question on the nature of the irregularities in E _exc spectrum, it is proposed to study the picture corresponding to the so-called moving complex singularity of the triangle graph with Σ rescattering: the position and the width of the peak in E _exc distribution should be appreciably changed with momentum transferred from the initial kaon to the final pion.     

Angular electron distribution in photoionization of spatially oriented linear molecules for different geometries of the experiment

Starting from the general expression for the angular distribution of electrons produced through photoionization of spatially oriented molecules, simpler formulas for photoionization of linear molecules with an inversion center found in the Σ state, accompanied by the production of molecular ions in Σ and Π states, are obtained. For different geometric arrangements of the vectors determining the angular distribution, simple formulas are derived and their comparative analysis is made. It is shown that one can determine for different conditions of the experimental measurement of the angular dependences of ejected electrons the values of matrix elements and phase differences and separate the processes responsible for the production of ions in states with different symmetries.     

Four-Body Structure of Λ Hypernuclei and 4He Tetramer System

Gaussian Expansion Method has been applied to four-body calculations of ${^4_{\Lambda}{\rm H}}$ and ${^4_{\Lambda}{\rm He}}$ , and four-body calculation of ⁴He tetramer. We found that Λ N? Σ N coupling is important to make bound A = 4 hypernuclei. The binding energies of the tetramer ground state and excited states are obtained as 558.98 and 127.33 mK.     

Baryon trajectories revisited

Various properties of baryon trajectories are re-examined in the light of the latest data: in particular we study trajectory assignments of the 1982 baryon resonance data and evaluate effective trajectories for backward πN scattering incorporating FNAL data. We find that all of the information is consistent with trajectories linear inu, withF/D ratios constant along the trajectories and parity doublets absent. We find that exchange degeneracy (EXD) is good for Λ and Σ trajectories and residues and shed some qualitative light on the systematics of EXD breaking.     

Photoproduction of multi-meson final states-recent results from the Crystal-Barrel/TAPS experiment at ELSA-

Multi-meson final states such as γp→pπ~0π~0 and γp → pπ~0η have been investigated with the Crystal-Barrel/TAPS experiment at ELSA. Baryon cascades via △π and △η and also via higher mass baryon resonances are clearly observed. Based on this data and on data from other reactions a partial wave analysis has been performed from which partial decay widths of various N~* and △~* states into the different pπ~0π~0 and pπ~0η decay channels have been determined, leading partly to unexpected results. In addition, polarisation observables have been investigated. The beam asymmetry Σ has been determined for both reactions and double polarisation data using a longitudinally polarised target and a circularly or linearly polarised photon beam has been taken. Given the angular coverage of the Crystal-Barrel/TAPS experiment this data covers almost the full angular range and phase space. This data will provide new and important information for the partial wave analyses and bring us one step closer towards a complete experiment.     

Relaxation,amplification, and the KMS conditions

We formulate the dynamics of an oscillator, $\text{gS}$, harmonically coupled to an infinite quasifree bose system Σ, the initial states of Σ and Σ being mutually uncorrelated and the initial state of Σ being quasifree, primary, and stationary. It is shown that, subject to certain regularity conditions, the oscillator $\text{gS}$ will either relax towards a terminal state, whose value is independent of the initial state of the oscillator, or else will become amplified, according to whether the energy quantum for $\text{gS}$ is positive or negative. In the former case, the weak-coupling limit for the terminal state of $\text{gS}$ is a Gibbs state, corresponding to a temperature which takes the same value for all $\text{Σ-}\text{gS}$ couplings of the prescribed class, if and only if the initial state of Σ satisfies the KMS conditions for that temperature. We argue that this result provides an operational justification for identifying equilibrium conditions with KMS conditions, at least for the class of stationary states of Σ that we consider.     

Electroproduction final states as ω → 1

The successful model of Barbour and Moorhouse for pion photoproduction is extended to electroproduction and combined with recent ideas on configuration mixing or SU(6) breaking in deep inelastic electroproduction as ω → 1. We find that two consequences obtain in the current fragmentation region as ω → 1: (a) the missing mass spectrum in ep → eπ^?X and en → eπ⁺X will be featureless (phase space); (b) in ep → eM^+,0X and en → eM^0,?X for any non-strange meson M the missing hadron system will contain only octets. Hence, in particular, ep → eπΔ will vanish relative to ep → eπ⁺n as ω → 1. For K production only Λ and no Σ final states will be produced.     

Baryon mass splitting by the strong hyperfine interaction and SU(3) breaking

We calculate mass splittings of strange and non-strange baryons in the [56, 0⁺] and the [70, 1^?]. As the most important spin-dependent force we only analyse the hyperfine interaction. The exact treatment of the quark mass breaking shows contributions which have not been considered in similar investigations up to now. Taking $\text{mλ}\text{m}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>p</mtext>}}\text{? 2}$ and popular values for the slope of the linear potential a, the strong coupling constant α_s and the p-quark mass, we get excellent results for the four mass splittings 〈Σ-Λ〉, $\text{〈Σ}{}^1\text{? Σ〉}$, 〈Δ-N〉 and $\text{〈Ξ}{}^1\text{? Ξ〉}$ in the [56, 0⁺]. The structure of mass spectrum in the [70, 1^?] is well described, too; the strong SU(3) mixing of Σ and Λ states is seen to be due to the quark mass breaking. Predictions for missing Σ states in the [70, 1^?] as as for splittings between charmed baryons can be made.     

A note on the B*B,B*B*,D*,D** molecular states

In the framework of the one-boson-exchange model, we have performed an extensive study of the possible B*B,B*B*,D*,D** molecular states with various quantum numbers after considering the S-wave and D-wave mixing. We also discuss the possible experimental research of these interesting states.     

Coherent States of Position-Dependent Mass Oscillator

In this paper, we study Gazeau-Klauder and displacement-type coherent states of two-dimensional position-dependent mass oscillators, which is called Λ-dependent oscillators and Λ can be interpreted as the curvatures of the spherical and the hyperbolic spaces, on which oscillators are constrained. In addition, we consider the effect of Λ parameter on the physical properties of these coherent states, including minimized Heisenberg uncertainty relation and Mandel’s Q parameter. We also elaborate the relation between the curvature of the physical space and the curvature of the Λ-dependent coherent state manifold.     

Neutron Star Properties in the Chiral Quark–Meson Coupling Model

We study the properties of neutron stars using the chiral quark–meson coupling model, in which the quark–quark hyperfine interaction due to the exchanges of gluon and pion based on chiral symmetry is considered. We also examine the effects of hyperons and Δ-isobars in a neutron star. Extending the SU(6) spin-flavor symmetry to more general SU(3) flavor symmetry in the vector–meson couplings to baryons, the maximum mass of neutron star can reach the recently observed massive pulsar mass, ${1.97 \pm 0.04 M_{\odot}}$ . In this calculation, Λ and Ξ are generated in a neutron star, while Σ and Δ-isobars do not appear.     

级联三能级介质中非线性光学信号的增强

揭示非最大相干可能比最大相干产生更有效的非线性频率转换. 为此以三能级级联系统(没有最大相干)为例计算其非线性光学信号的强度, 并与三能级Λ型系统(具有最大相干)进行比较. 利用非微扰方法计算表明, 在双光子共振和相同参数的条件下, 级联系统产生的非线性光学信号的最大强度约是Λ系统的两倍. 利用缀饰态表象分析表明, 两个系统中耦合跃迁的自发辐射及其介入的不可逆三光子过程具有相反的作用. 它们在级联系统中加强非线性转换, 而在Λ系统中削弱非线性转换. 关键词： 电磁感应透明 非线性光学过程 双光子共振     

Self-consistent calculations of hypernuclear properties with the Skyrme interaction

An extension of the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock formalism is proposed for calculating Λ binding energies (B_Λ) in hypernuclei throughout the periodic table. The calculation includes the self-consistent nuclear polarization by the Λ hyperon. Realistic estimates for ground state B_Λ's are obtained with a simple effective ΛN force and are compared with a Λ-nucleus potential model. The Λ particle excitation spectra have also been calculated. They are discussed in the context of strangeness analog state formation and the emphasis is put on the symmetry between Λ and nuclear states.     

Lowest Π–Π* electronic transitions in linear and two-dimensional polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: enhanced electron density edge effect

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) form an important class of molecules as they are ubiquitous, pollute air and cause severe health problems. Lowest vertical π–π* singlet–singlet or triplet–triplet excitation energies and corresponding oscillator strengths were studied for several linear and two-dimensional PAHs employing time-dependent density functional theory. Excited-state electron density, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and spin density distributions in the PAHs, along with ground-state chemical hardness, were also studied. It has been found that, generally, excitation energies and oscillator strengths decrease with increase in PAH size, and excitation energies and chemical hardness are strongly linearly correlated. Enhanced electron density edge effect, which was found to occur in the ground states of the molecules, continues to hold in their excited states also. A strong similarity between the ground and π–π* excited-state MEP maps suggests that σ electrons are the main contributors to the enhanced electron density at the edges. Due to their strong electronic absorption transitions in the visible and infrared regions, the PAHs can be used for harnessing solar energy efficiently.