ICCD选通脉冲源的设计与实验研究

基于微处理器并结合模拟延迟电路以及数字逻辑电路,设计了分辨率可达5ns、最小脉宽为65ns、频率高达1MHz、且通过上位机可以远程控制的选通脉冲源.用该脉冲源结合选通电源测试了阴极上镀有金属导电基底和没有金属导电基底的ICCD的选通快门时间.结果表明当镀有金属基底时,ICCD具有更短的开启时间.建立相应的等效电路模型和阴极开关过程满足的RC等效方程,定性分析得出阴极面电阻的减小是使得ICCD开启时间缩短的主要因素.     

三代微光像增强摄像系统选通成像系统研究

提出一种能够高速选通工作的三代微光像增强摄像系统（ICCD）。采用三代像增强器,设计了光阴极选通控制电路,使ICCD系统能够高速选通成像;通过分析、比较,设计了双高斯复杂化结构的中继镜头耦合方案,获得了高透过率、高调制传递函数（MTF）的图像耦合性能。采用数字CCD、数字图像采集卡及其集成的图像处理硬件,编写了相关处理软件,使ICCD系统的图像能够快速呈现。结果表明:设计的三代选通ICCD具有3.3 ns选通门宽,空间分辨力达到600 TVL。     

三代微光像增强摄像系统选通成像系统研究

提出一种能够高速选通工作的三代微光像增强摄像系统(ICCD)。采用三代像增强器,设计了光阴极选通控制电路,使ICCD系统能够高速选通成像;通过分析、比较,设计了双高斯复杂化结构的中继镜头耦合方案,获得了高透过率、高调制传递函数(MTF)的图像耦合性能。采用数字CCD、数字图像采集卡及其集成的图像处理硬件,编写了相关处理软件,使ICCD系统的图像能够快速呈现。结果表明:设计的三代选通ICCD具有33 ns选通门宽,空间分辨力达到600 TVL。     

基于FPGA的高速电光选通系统设计

介绍了一种获取高速调制电信号的新方法－基于FPGA的高速电光选通系统.此系统分为选通脉冲和高压调控两个模块.选通脉冲模块由高速信号放大、FPGA延时、可控延迟传输线三个部分组成.利用FPGA高密度、高可靠性、可反复擦写和可以现场编程、灵活调制的特点,将整个系统的主要控制部分集成在FPGA中,并将延时分为数字延时和模拟延时两部分.然后利用FPGA实现数字延时,可控延时线实现模拟延时.经试验检测,高压部分可以产生重复频率1 Hz~1 kHz,步进1 Hz,延时范围为0~1 μs,步进为1 ns,幅度为8 000 V,前沿和后沿小于10 ns,抖动小于1 ns的高压矩形电脉冲,从而满足各种电光调制系统中的需要.     

一种用于距离选通的ICCD设计与实现

研制了一种短余辉、高分辨率、快时间响应的高速选通超二代像增强器,通过光纤锥与CCD进行耦合成高性能距离选通ICCD,理论分析各部件的性能及其对系统空间分辨率的影响;采用FPGA设计电路控制系统,该系统产生出纳秒级的选通门宽以实现对ICCD的数字控制,同时可以对选通脉冲宽度和延时时间进行调整以实现不同亮度以及距离目标的清晰成像,降低背景噪音以及增大成像的动态范围.此外,该系统具有增益监控和调节功能,信噪比达到20∶1dB,在超二代像增强器阴极和微通道板输入面之间加幅度为-200V、宽度为3ns直流连续可调的选通脉冲以实现对增强器的选通,为了提高光电阴极补充电子的速度,在输入窗内表面光刻有线宽为5μm、间距为50μm正方形格栅以保证选通门宽为3ns时光电阴极有足够快的响应速度,选通频率最高可达到300kHz,实验测试在微通道板电压为700V、荧光屏电压为5 000 V时增强器增益可达10 718cd/m2 lx,ICCD系统空间分辨率达到29.7lp/mm.     

基于微通道板选通的飞行时间测量技术

研究了基于微通道板(MCP)选通技术的电子飞行时间(TOF)测量系统。调节MCP选通脉冲延时,使得电子和选通脉冲同时到达MCP,从而产生动态图像。利用高速示波器获得电子在50cm漂移区的TOF。当阴极电压为-3.5kV时,测得电子从阴极到MCP的TOF约为15ns。改变阴极电压,获得了TOF与电子能量之间的关系。结果表明,随着电子能量的增大,TOF不断减小。该TOF测量系统的时间分辨率为88ps。     

距离选通成像系统分辨率模拟测试装置

距离选通成像系统采用脉冲激光主动照明与ICCD选通技术相结合. 为了在室内模拟测试一定大气条件下距离选通成像系统的分辨率,设计了一套模拟测试装置. 采用两个模拟光源,分别模拟信号光和后向散射光. 结合大气距离选通成像系统后向散射光和信号光模型的研究结果,采用阴极面等效辐射照度法,给出了模拟光源功率的计算方法和功率范围的确定方法,以S-20光电阴极的像增强器与CCD耦合为例,计算了模拟光源功率.     

软X射线皮秒分幅相机的增益压窄效应

 高速行波选通的X射线皮秒分幅相机的时间分辨率受皮秒选通脉冲的宽度和幅值的非线性关系直接影响。针对微通道板(MCP)行波选通皮秒分幅相机中的“增益压窄效应”,在高斯型皮秒选通电脉冲作用下,通过计算MCP分幅管的时间分辨率和对增益压窄效应的分析,得到MCP皮秒选通分幅管的增益压窄指数约为10.0,分幅管的时间分辨率约为选通脉冲脉宽的1/3.16。并在脉冲参数（250 ps,－1 100 V）和（220 ps,－900 V）下进行了分幅相机时间分辨率理论计算和实验测试,分别得到了理论时间分辨率为78.8 ps和67.6 ps,相机实验时间分辨率为76.4 ps 和66.5 ps的结果。     

距离选通激光水下成像系统的门控信号对图像质量的影响

研究了水体的前后向散射光和目标反射光的传输特性,运用脉冲激光器和增益型CCD(ICCD)搭建了距离选通激光水下成像实验系统,建立了计算距离选通激光水下成像系统光信号的数学模型,分析了图像对比度传递系数与门控信号的关系.编制计算机程序,根据所搭建实验系统参数计算并绘制了距离选通激光水下成像系统门控信号与图像对比度传递系数的关系曲线,提出了距离选通激光水下成像系统最佳门控策略.数值计算和实验结果表明:在ICCD未饱和的情况下.精确开门得到的图像质量最高,不论是滞后开门或是提前开门都会使图像分辨率有所下降,但滞后开门比提前开门较为有利,并且选通门开启的持续时间则应取激光脉宽的1～3倍.     

激光军事应用

阐述了距离选通原理,在此基础上详细地分析了距离选通关键技术,介绍了距离选通激光成像系统的最新研究进展,展望了距离选通激光主动     

Characteristics of Multi-Beam Module Using Waveguides for Laser Scanning Optical Systems

A multi-beam module using optical waveguides has been studied for a laser scanning optical system. Laser diodes with a wavelength of 780 nm are assembled on a silicon substrate. The beams emitted from the laser diodes are directly coupled into waveguides. This multi-beam module is assembled on a metal substrate with a photodiode. The photodiode controls the power of each laser diode on the silicon substrate. The multi-beam module is able to increase the output speed of high-density image printings, and the speed for high-speed color printings. We have developed the four-beam module with beam divergence angles of 11 degrees and spatial beam interval of 24 μm. Additional heat sink and optimizing tip-bonding between the laser diode and solder pad on the silicon substrate is useful to stabilize laser power against rising temperature.     

氮化铬过渡层对四面体非晶碳薄膜在高速钢基底上附着特性影响的研究

利用磁过滤阴极电弧与磁控溅射相结合的薄膜沉积技术在高速钢基底上 制备了氮化铬/四面体非晶碳(CrN/ta-C)复合涂层, 通过改变过渡层氮化铬(CrN)的制备工艺, 研究了四面体非晶碳(ta-C)薄膜在钢基底材料上的附着特性的变化. 结果表明, 随着氮气流量的增大, CrN/ta-C复合涂层中的氮化铬经过了Cr-Cr₂N-CrN的相变过程. 同时涂层的附着力也随着氮气流量的增大而增加, 但是当氮气流量超过30 sccm时, 涂层附着力会有所下降; 通过改变基片偏压, 复合涂层中氮化铬的择优取向与晶粒结构发生改变, 随着偏压的增大, 涂层附着力也会大大改善, 但是当偏压超过200 V, 涂层附着特性会略微降低. 通过涂层耐磨性的测试也表明, 在高速钢基底上, CrN涂层能显著提高ta-C薄膜在高速钢基底上的附着力, 同时显著提高耐磨特性. 关键词： 附着力 四面体非晶碳薄膜 X射线衍射 拉曼光谱     

电子带宽对高速视频成像系统的限制

分析了高速视频成像系统的信息传递关系,从系统传递一定的信息量出发,得出其对电子系统带宽的要求;以靶场应用为对象,通过对满足测试需要的高速信息流量的分析计算,得出结论:在实际的电子线路和计算机处理技术的能力下,由于电子系统带宽的制约,高速视频成像尚不能完全取代传统的胶片式高速摄影系统.     

水下目标激光探测系统中高速信号采集系统的设计

介绍了水下目标激光探测高速数据采集系统设计的技术难点,设计了一种基于高速CMOS模/数转换芯片和高性能StratixⅡFPGA高速数据采集芯片的水下激光信号实时采集与传输系统,信号采集速率可达1GHz。系统的适用性及可靠性在水下目标激光探测试验中得到了验证。     

Demonstration of a thick holographic Stokesmeter

A holographic Stokesmeter has the potential to be useful in high-speed polarization imaging applications. Highly polarization-sensitive gratings are an important component for this device. Using two sets of multiplexed gratings, we measured the Stokes parameters for three different polarization states of an input beam. These measured values compared well to values measured using the quarter-wave plate/linear polarizer method. This establishes the feasibility of such a Stokesmeter in its original configuration. We demonstrate further the basic mechanism behind a compact architecture for this device, requiring only a single substrate and a single imaging system, and describe a spectrally scanned polarimetric imaging system.     

Fuul-wave analysis for coupling characteristics of multiconductor microstrip lines on semiconductor substrate

Conclusion The coupling effects for multiconductor microstrip on semiconductor substrate are analyzed by full-wave spectral domain approach. It is believed that the contribution aforementioned will facilitate successful design of MMIC modules in millimeter wave band and very high-speed digital integrated circuits.     

Dependence of wetting on cavitation during the spreading of a filler droplet on the ultrasonically agitated Al substrate

The cavitation characteristics during the spreading of a pure Sn liquid droplet subjected to ultrasonication were studied for the first time through high-speed photography to reveal the wetting mechanism. Ultrasonic vibration realized the spreading of Sn droplet on the nonwetting pure Al substrate. However, the oxide layer of the substrate at the spreading front is difficult to remove. The high-speed photography result shows that a noncavitation region consistently appears at the spreading front, because the acoustic pressure is below the cavitation threshold of 1.26 MPa. In particular, the width of the noncavitation region gradually increases as the size of the spreading area increases. Such a result accounts for the condition wherein the oxide layer at the spreading front is difficult to remove. Furthermore, the bubble density during spreading gradually decreases due to the decreased acoustic pressure of the thinned liquid. Finally, the bubble dynamics were calculated to verify the wetting mechanism.     

Phase-shifting digital holography with burst imaging method

The application of a burst imaging method to digital holography (DH) with multiple image capturing is firstly demonstrated. Nobody has discussed this approach explicitly, although the burst imaging method is not so uncommon. The burst imaging method intermittently captures several images with a high repetition rate followed by a relatively long rest time. If the light wave from an object has a much smaller complex amplitude change in the frame interval of an image sensor than the precision of the DH system, the wave can be regarded as being in a static state. As a result, this solves a fatal problem in DH for an object that moves or deforms while capturing multiple interference images. In this research, the burst imaging method was applied to phase-shifting DH, and it is simply implemented by a high-speed image sensor and a continuous phase shifting which is good for high-speed phase shifting. The measurement error was analytically solved for the movement speed of an object. Finally, the proposed method was experimentally used to observe an evaporating droplet of ethanol on a glass substrate.

     

一个新型的水下实况微光高速电视记录系统

介绍了一个新型的水下实况微光高速电视记录系统在船上或岸上使用该系统的控制系统,可对该系统的水下成像系统进行远程控制,并通过该水下成像系统得到水下运动目标的水下常速电视图像、水下高速电视图像和水下微光高速电视图像该系统的工作水深可达水下50m.     

Heat transfer and diffusion-controlled kinetics of liquid–solid phase in titanium matrix composite during selective laser melting

This study describes a self-consistent theoretical model of simulating diffusion-controlled kinetics on the liquid–solid phase boundary during high-speed solidification in the melt pool after the selective laser melting (SLM) process for titanium matrix composite based on Ti–TiC system. The model includes the heat transfer equation to estimate the temperature distribution in the melt pool and during crystallization process for some deposited layers. The temperature field is used in a micro region next to solid–liquid boundary, where solute micro segregation and dendrite growth are calculated by special approach based on transient liquid phase bonding. The effect of the SLM process parameters (laser power, scanning velocity, layer thickness and substrate size) on the microstructure solidification is being discussed.