Electronic Absorption Spectrum of Mesitylene Vapour

Abstract

The electronic absorption spectrum of mesitylene vapour has been photographed on a Q-24 Medium Quartz Spectrograph. The molecule belongs to D_3h symmetry and the transition is A→₁A₂ which is forbidden and due to that the (0,0) band does not appear in the spectrum. The position of (0,0) band in this case has been fixed at 36562 cm^?1 with the help of 0→1 and 1→0 transitions. There are 66 bands and most of them are assigned in terms of two ground state frequencies of magnitudes 278 and 519 cm^?1 and 7 excited state frequencies of magnitudes 267, 436, 554, 968, 1268, 1386 and 1575 cm^?1     

Vapour transport growth of ZnO nanorods

The fabrication of low-dimensional ZnO structures has attracted enormous attention as such nanostructures are expected to pave the way for many interesting applications in optoelectronics, spin electronics gas sensor technology and biomedicine. Many reported fabrication methods, especially for ZnO nanorods are mostly based on catalyst-assisted growth techniques that employ metal-organic sources and other contaminating agents like graphite to grow ZnO nanorods at relatively high temperatures. We report on catalyst-free vapour-phase epitaxy growth of ZnO nanorods on 6H-SiC and (11-20)Al₂O₃ using purely elemental sources at relatively low temperatures and growth pressure. ZnO nanorods with widths of 80–900 nm and lengths of up to 12 μm were obtained. Nanorod density on the order of 10⁹ cm^-2 with homogenous luminescence and high purity was also noted. PACS 81.10.Bk; 81.15.Kk; 81.16.Hc; 78.55.Et; 81.05.Dz; 81.07.Bc     

Far Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Acetonitrile Vapour

Abstract

The infrared spectrum of acetonitrile vapour has been obtained in the range below 100 cm^?1. There is an absorption band located at 78 cm^?1 which is assigned to overlapping intermolecular vibrations of dimer molecules in equilibrium with the monomer species. The equilibrium constant calculated from the pressure dependence of the band intensity amounts to 42 ± 26 1·mol^?1.     

光学厚Rb蒸气界面附近后向荧光光谱研究

在存在表面耗散层的纯Rb光学厚蒸气中,利用小功率可调谐半导体激光器泵浦Rb(5P_3/2)的超精细结构能级,测量和分析了780 nm(5P_3/2→5S_1/2)和795 nm(5P_1/2→5S_1/2)后向荧光的强度和线形,耗散层(近区)起光谱滤波器的作用。有两种可能产生5P_1/2态原子的机制,第一种机制是Rb(5P_3/2)+Rb(5S_1/2)→Rb(5P_1/2)+Rb(5S_1/2);第二种机制是Rb(5D)+Rb(5S)→Rb(5P)+Rb(5P),对于每一种机制,给出了后向敏化荧光的理论公式。研究后向荧光时,必须要确定荧光强度与激光功率的关系和荧光线形。激光频率扫描超精细结构共振线,得到的敏化后向荧光795 nm线形与共振荧光780 nm线形相似,其荧光强度与荧光功率有线性关系。因此,基本上可以用第一种机制解释5P_1/2态布居机制。理论证明了,第二种机制产生的敏化后向荧光强度应与激光功率平方成比例,这与实验结果是不同的,第二种机制不能解释耗散层界面后向敏化荧光的产生。     

Nitrogen-Doped Chemical Vapour Deposited Diamond： a New Material for Room-Temperature Solid State Maser

Electron spin resonance （ESR） in polycrystalline diamond films grown by dc arc-jet and microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition is studied. The films with nitrogen impurity concentration up to 8 × 10^18 cm^-3 are also characterized by Raman, cathodoluminescence and optical absorption spectra. The ESR signal from P1 centre with g-factor of 2.0024 （nitrogen impurity atom occupying C site in diamond lattice） is found to exhibit an inversion with increasing the microwave power in an H102 resonator. The spin inversion effect could be of interest for further consideration of N-doped diamonds as a medium for masers operated at room temperature.     

出口重晶石中的痕量汞FIA-冷原子吸收法测定

本文介绍FIA-冷原子吸收法测定重晶石中的痕量汞，方法简便、快速，准确度与精确度均能获得满意结果。方法的回收率在97．8％－103．2％，相对标准偏差（RSD）为0．7％－5．34％．     

The Near Ultra-Yiolet Absorption Spectrum of Para-Fujoro Phenetole Vapour

Abstract

The near ultra-violet absorption spectrum of parafluoro phenetole has been studied in vapour phase. About 135 red degraded Bands have been measured. These have been explained in terms of five ground state (187, 258, 346, 633 and 855 cm¹) and seven excited state (151, 306, 527, 816, 966, 1279 and 1328 cm^?1) fundamental frequencies. A red shift of 1243 cm^?1 of (0,0) hand relative to that of Phenetole is also observed.     

Centimetre-Long Single Crystalline ZnO Fibres Prepared by Vapour Transportation

Centimetre-long ZnO fibres are synthesized by vapour transportation via thermal evaporation of ZnO powders. The growth process is carried out in a graphite crucible, in which ZnO powder is loaded as the source material, and a silicon wafer is positioned on the top of the crucible as the growth substrate. During the growth process, the source temperature is kept at 800℃ and the substrate temperature is kept at 600℃. Typical growth time to obtain centimetre-long ZnO fibres is 5-10 hours. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, x-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and selected area electron diffraction （SAED） measurement results show that ZnO fibres are single crystalline with high crystalline quality and very low defects concentration.     

Vapour phase transport growth of ZnO layers and nanostructures

We have developed a novel advanced VPT set-up. ZnO layers and nanorods were grown employing a specially designed horizontal vapour transport system with elemental sources at relatively low temperatures without catalysis. We employed 6N elemental Zn carried by nitrogen and 99.995% oxygen as reactants. Sapphire, SiC, bulk ZnO and ZnO epitaxial layers were implemented as substrates for ZnO growth. Growth temperatures ranged from 500 to 900 C. Reactor pressures were from 5 mbar to atmospheric pressure. We employed x-ray diffractometry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to investigate the obtained ZnO samples and the influence of different growth parameters on the ZnO homo- and heteroepitaxial growth and to optimise the set of growth parameters either for both epitaxial layers and nanostructures. We also show that the quality of the VPT grown ZnO epitaxial layers on sapphire can be even higher (evaluated from FWHM of the XRD rocking curves) than the MBE grown ones used as epiwafers for VPT growth. High quality ZnO layers with extremely narrow FWHM of the (0002) rocking curve of 38″ are fabricated employing our VPT approach.     

Organic Vapour Fluorescence Following Excitation into High Electronic Triplet States

Abstract

The fluorescence of anthracene vapors and its derivatives initiated by triplet-triplet excitation is observed. The quantum yield of inverce intersystem crossing of anthracene molecules is estimated (10^?2). The fluorescence initiated by triplet excitation is quenched by foreign pentane gas, thus permitting an estimation of the lifetime of highly excited triplet molecules.     

Temporal Characteristic of M--M Transition Lasers in Strontium Atom Vapour

The kinetic process of Sr atom metastable-metastable transition lasers in He-St longitudinal pulsed discharge is analysed and a concise self-consistent physical model is developed. The temporal evolutions of discharge parameters, main paxticle densities, the electron temperature, and the lasing pulses are numerically calculated. The results provided by the model agree well with the experiment, and the temporal behaviour of each laser pulse is explained successfully by the simulation results.     

Water Vapour Potential Vorticity and Its Applications in Tropical Cyclones

A new tracer is presented to diagnose tropical cyclones （TCs） and their correspondent rainfall. It is defined as water vapour potential vorticity （WPV） by replacing potential temperature with specific humidity in the potential vorticity （PV）. The WPV is compared with PV and moist potential vorticity （MPV） in diagnosing three tropical cyclone cases occurred in North-West Pacific during 10 July to 21 July 2005 （Haitang）, 30 July to 9 August 2005 （Matsa） and 25 September to 3 October 2005 （Longwang） separately. The results show that in tracing the track of TCs, WPV is not nicer than PV but better than MPV. While diagnosing TCs＇ onshore rainfall, WPV is better than MPV in all the three cases. Moreover, the advection of WPV is a good indication of TC rainfall after its landing.     

Investigations of the Arc Burning in the Water Vapour Atmosphere

The functions of thermal conductivity α(T) and electrical conductivity σ(T) for water vapour, within the temperature intervals 7700–8000 K and 2000–3500 K, were calculated. These calculations were performed by using the UHLENBUSCH'S method and the empirical one. Calculations were based on experimentally determined electric field strength as a function of the arc current and radial temperature distribution in the central zone and in the surrounding of the arc burning in water vapour atmosphere.     

有机蒸气的紫外-可见吸收光谱定性检测

采用紫外-可见吸收光谱法定性检测有机物蒸气。用聚乙烯薄膜做介质,用紫外-可见分光光度计检测有机物蒸气,获得大豆油、葵花籽油、花生油、油菜籽油、芝麻油、棉花籽油和油桐种油植物油蒸气,以及丙酮、乙酸乙酯、95%乙醇和冰乙酸有机化合物蒸气的紫外-可见吸收光谱图。结果显示：通过仪器调零,很好地清除聚乙烯薄膜的紫外-可见吸收光谱,获得了所检测植物油蒸气和有机化合物蒸气的紫外-可见吸收光谱,对不同的植物油和不同的有机化合物均有很好的区分性,检测所获得的各植物油蒸气紫外-可见吸收光谱图的λ_max、λ_min、吸收峰的数目、位置、拐点均不一致,可以很好的区分各种植物油,对有机化合物也有很好的检测。方法的重现性好,葵花籽油蒸气10次检测所得的紫外-可见吸收光谱图完全一致。实验结果表明,聚乙烯薄膜作为紫外-可见吸收光谱定性分析用的介质,用于植物油和有机化合物蒸气的检测,具有分析速度快、重现性好、准确可靠、成本低等特点,可提供有机物蒸气的特征信息和有机化合物的结构信息,为化合物和有机物蒸气的鉴定提供新的检测方法。     

溶剂处理对Pr4VOPc染料掺杂聚合物薄膜光谱的影响

制备了Ｐｒ４ＶＯＰｃ染料掺掺杂的聚合物ＰＭＭＡ（ＤＩＰ）薄膜。Ｐｒ４ＶＯＰｃ在染料掺杂聚合物薄膜形成阶段形成玻璃态Ⅰ，经有机溶剂蒸汽处理后，Ｐｒ４ＶＯＰｃ形成了热力学更稳定的相Ⅱ。     

Growth of a Novel Periodic Structure of SiC/AIN Multilayers by Low Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition

A novel lO-period SiC/A1N multilayered structure with a SiC cap layer is prepared by low pressure chemical vapour deposition （LPCVD）. The structure with total film thickness of about 1.45~m is deposited on a Si （111） substrate and shows good surface morphology with a smaller rms surface roughness of f.3 nm. According to the secondary ion mass spectroscopy results, good interface of the 10 period SiC/A1N structure and periodic changes of depth profiles of C, Si, A1, N components are obtained by controlling the growth procedure. The structure exhibits the peak reflectivity close to 30% near the wavelength of 322 nm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of growth of the SiC/AIN periodic structure using the home-made LPCVD system.     

Vapour phase synthesis of aligned molybdenum oxide nanowires at low temperature

Quasi‐aligned molybdenum oxide nanowires are synthesized on silicon substrate by a thermal evaporation method, at a low temperature of 550 °C without using any catalyst. The diameter of these nanowires is about 100 nm, with steps in the top to form a sharp tip. The field emission measurement shows that these nanowires have strong electron field emission abilities, with high field enhancement factor and a relatively low turn‐on field of 2.16 V µm^–1, suggesting that these molybdenum oxide nanowire arrays might be promising candidates as field emitters.

     

Vapour pressure of non-polar fluids and their repulsive and attractive contributions

Using a simple equation of state, based on the Weeks-Chandler-Andersen separation of the intermolecular potential, we have obtained the contributions of repulsive and attractive intermolecular forces to the thermodynamic properties of coexisting vapour and liquid phases of a Lennard-Jones (LJ) fluid.

In order to obtain the vapour pressure of real non-polar fluids, we take the LJ fluid as a reference model, and propose a new perturbative contribution, which is dependant on the temperature and on the acentric factor of the substance. Using the complete perturbed equation, we determine the corresponding repulsive and attractive contributions to the vapour pressure of non-polar fluids. The results show that the attractive vapour pressure of non-polar fluids increases with increasing acentric factor, i.e., larger deviation of the molecular shape from spherical symmetry.

This procedure could be extended to separate the repulsive and attractive contributions of the intermolecular forces to other thermodynamic properties of non-polar fluids as well as of polar fluids and fluid mixtures.